Northeast Normal University

Temporal order memory deficits are a central feature of cognitive abnormalities in schizophrenia. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex contributes to the extraction of temporal contextual information. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and interim testing have been shown to be external techniques that can improve temporal order memory deficits in schizophrenia patients. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can also improve cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia. This study intends to investigate the learning effects of temporal order memory under two learning strategies during tDCS targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) interventions in patients with schizophrenia, to investigate whether it can promote the retention of temporal order memory in patients, and to compare the differences in the effects of the two intervention modalities.
This study was planned to recruit 75 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia from the hospital.
A single online tDCS (2 mA × 20 min) and tACS (1.5 mA × 20 min, theta rhythm) intervention was conducted during which participants performed a temporal-sequence memory task for visual pictures, and test scores were compared for each stimulus type on an intermediate test and repetition of the two strategies of learning.

The semantic processing deficit stands as a central feature of cognitive abnormalities in schizophrenia. Both transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) and retrieval practice have been demonstrated as external techniques capable of ameliorating the semantic processing deficit in individuals with schizophrenia. The inquiry examines whether the combined effect of tES and retrieval practice, following tES intervention targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC) in patients with schizophrenia, contributes to the preservation of semantic memory in these individuals.
Investigators plan to recruit 60 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia from hospitals. Treatment is administered by two examiners, each patient receives transcranial electrical stimulation（2mA×20min） with simultaneous learning of word lists. Each participant of each stimulation type was involved in both learning conditions, meaning that all participants completed both retrieval and restudy learning and testing Subsequently, Investigators observed their immediate and delayed memory performance through tests.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if metacognitive therapy can be effective in a Chinese sample of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) . The main questions it aims to answer are:
Can metacognitive therapy significantly reduce participants' levels of obsessive-compulsive symptoms? Can metacognitive therapy significantly improve participants' metacognitive adaptations?
The researchers will compare metacognitive therapy to a control condition without psychotherapy to see if metacognitive therapy is effective in treating OCD.
Participants will:
Receive the metacognitive therapy intervention or under control conditions for 8 to 15 weeks.
Be assessed for symptoms and metacognitive beliefs at pre-intervention, post-intervention and 12 weeks post-intervention