Last update 01 Nov 2024

PPP1R15A

Last update 01 Nov 2024

Basic Info

Synonyms

GADD34, Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD34, growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 34

+ [5]

Introduction

Recruits the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PPP1CA to prevents excessive phosphorylation of the translation initiation factor eIF-2A/EIF2S1, thereby reversing the shut-off of protein synthesis initiated by stress-inducible kinases and facilitating recovery of cells from stress (PubMed:26742780, PubMed:26095357). Down-regulates the TGF-beta signaling pathway by promoting dephosphorylation of TGFB1 by PP1 (PubMed:14718519). May promote apoptosis by inducing p53/TP53 phosphorylation on 'Ser-15' (PubMed:14635196). Plays an essential role in autophagy by tuning translation during starvation, thus enabling lysosomal biogenesis and a sustained autophagic flux (PubMed:32978159). Acts also a viral restriction factor by attenuating HIV-1 replication (PubMed:31778897). Mechanistically, mediates the inhibition of HIV-1 TAR RNA-mediated translation (PubMed:31778897). (Microbial infection) Promotes enterovirus 71 replication by mediating the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) activity of viral 5'-UTR.

Drugs associated with PPP1R15A

Icerguastat

Target

PPP1R15A

Mechanism

PPP1R15A inhibitors

Active Org.

Inflectis Bioscience SAS [+1]

Originator Org.

The Medical Research Council

Active Indication

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [+1]

Inactive Indication

Multiple Sclerosis

Drug Highest PhasePhase 2

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

IFB-048

Target

PPP1R15A

Mechanism

PPP1R15A inhibitors

Active Org.-

Originator Org.

Inflectis Bioscience SAS

Active Indication-

Inactive Indication

Multiple Sclerosis

Drug Highest PhasePending

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

GL-GP inhibitors(Boehringer Ingelheim)

Target

PPP1R15A x PYG

Mechanism

PPP1R15A inhibitors [+1]

Active Org.-

Originator Org.

Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co., KG

Active Indication-

Inactive Indication

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Drug Highest PhasePending

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

Clinical Trials associated with PPP1R15A

NCT05508074 / Active, not recruitingPhase 2

A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Exploratory Randomised Clinical Trial to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of IFB-088 Plus Riluzole 100 mg vs Placebo Plus Riluzole 100 mg in Patients With Bulbar-onset Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Prospective, international, randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled, multicentre, parallel group study. Patients will be randomised in a 2:1 allocation ratio to receive either IFB-088 + riluzole 100 mg or placebo + riluzole 100 mg. This clinical trial is an exploratory study, designed to show a signal of efficacy of IFB-088 through ALSFRS-R, MITOS and King's College. Respiratory function will be followed through SVC. Biomarkers and quality of life will also be evaluated throughout the study.
Patients will be treated over a 6-month period. After a screening/consent visit, patients will undergo clinic visits at randomisation (V0), at 2 weeks (V1), and at months 1 (V2), 3 (V3) and 6 (V4). One week after V0, the patient will undergo urine analysis (dipstick)and blood sampling for measurement of creatinine
, as well as blood sampling for measurement of creatinine and calculation of eGFR at months 2, 4 and 5. At the V2 visit, in addition to other assessments, patients will undergo blood sampling for PK measurements and urine sampling for crystalluria examination. Blood and urine chemistry, as well as physical examination and vital signs assessment to assess safety will be performed at each visit for safety purpose and crystalluria examination will be repeated at the follow-up visit, performed one month ± one week after V4.

Start Date02 Dec 2022

Sponsor / Collaborator

Inflectis Bioscience SAS

EUCTR2021-003875-32-IT / Unknown statusPhase 2

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, exploratory randomised clinical trial to assess the safety and efficacy of IFB-088 plus riluzole 100 mg vs placebo plus riluzole 100 mg in patients with bulbar-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Study TRIALS) - TRIALS

Start Date15 Feb 2022

Sponsor / Collaborator

Inflectis Bioscience SAS

NCT03610334 / CompletedPhase 1

A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Combined Single and Multiple Ascending Dose Study to Investigate the Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetic Profile of IFB-088, in Healthy Volunteers

This is the first study of single and multiple doses of IFB-088 in human subjects. The current study is designed to assess in the first part, the safety, tolerability, plasma and urine pharmacokinetics (PK) of single oral doses of IFB-088 in healthy subjects (Single Ascending Doses - SAD) and in a second part safety, tolerability, plasma and urine pharmacokinetics (PK) of multiple oral doses of IFB-088 in healthy subjects (Multiple Ascending Doses - MAD)

Start Date21 Jun 2018

Sponsor / Collaborator

Inflectis Bioscience SAS

[+4]

100 Clinical Results associated with PPP1R15A

100 Translational Medicine associated with PPP1R15A

0 Patents (Medical) associated with PPP1R15A

578

Literatures (Medical) associated with PPP1R15A

01 Dec 2024·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Enhanced ER protein processing gene expression increases rAAV yield and full capsid ratio in HEK293 cells

Article

Author: Yoon, Seongkyu ; McNally, David ; Fu, Qiang ; Wang, Yongdan ; Xie, Dongming ; Qin, Jiansong

The recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector is among the most promising viral vectors in gene therapy. However, the limited manufacturing capacity in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells is a barrier to rAAV commercialization. We investigated the impact of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein processing and apoptotic genes on transient rAAV production in HEK293 cells. We selected four candidate genes based on prior transcriptomic studies: XBP1, GADD34 / PPP1R15A, HSPA6, and BCL2. These genes were stably integrated into HEK293 host cells. Traditional triple-plasmid transient transfection was used to assess the vector production capability and the quality of both the overexpressed stable pools and the parental cells. We show that the overexpression of XBP1, HSPA6, and GADD34 increases rAAV productivity by up to 100% and increases specific rAAV productivity by up to 78% in HEK293T cells. Additionally, more prominent improvement associated with ER protein processing gene overexpression was observed when parental cell productivity was high, but no substantial variation was detected under low-producing conditions. We also confirmed genome titer improvement across different serotypes (AAV2 and AAV8) and different cell lines (HEK293T and HEK293); however, the extent of improvement may vary. This study unveiled the importance of ER protein processing pathways in viral particle synthesis, capsid assembly, and vector production. KEY POINTS: • Upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein processing (XBP1, HSPA6, and GADD34) leads to a maximum 100% increase in rAAV productivity and a maximum 78% boost in specific rAAV productivity in HEK293T cells • The enhancement in productivity can be validated across different HEK293 cell lines and can be used for the production of various AAV serotypes, although the extent of the enhancement might vary slightly • The more pronounced improvements linked to overexpressing ER protein processing genes were observed when parental cell productivity was high, with minimal variation noted under low-producing conditions.

03 Sep 2024·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Alternating binding and p97-mediated dissociation of SDS22 and I3 recycles active PP1 between holophosphatases

Article

Author: Kueck, Anja F. ; Meyer, Hemmo ; van den Boom, Johannes ; Ron, David ; Koska, Sandra

Protein phosphatase-1 catalytic subunit (PP1) joins diverse targeting subunits to form holophosphatases that regulate many cellular processes. Newly synthesized PP1 is known to be transiently sequestered in an inhibitory complex with Suppressor-of-Dis2-number-2 (SDS22) and Inhibitor-3 (I3), which is disassembled by the ATPases Associated with diverse cellular Activities plus (AAA+) protein p97. Here, we show that the SDS22-PP1-I3 complex also acts as a thermodynamic sink for mature PP1 and that cycles of SDS22-PP1-I3 formation and p97-driven disassembly regulate PP1 function and subunit exchange beyond PP1 biogenesis. Förster Resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis of labeled proteins in vitro revealed that in the p97-mediated disassembly step, both SDS22 and I3 dissociate concomitantly, releasing PP1. In presence of a targeting subunit, for instance Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-inducible protein 34 (GADD34), liberated PP1 formed an active holophosphatase that dephosphorylated its substrate, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α). Inhibition of p97 results in displacement of the GADD34 targeting subunit by rebinding of PP1 to SDS22 and I3 indicating that the SDS22-PP1-I3 complex is thermodynamically favored. Likewise, p97 inhibition in cells causes rapid sequestration of PP1 by free SDS22 and I3 at the expense of other subunits. This suggests that PP1 exists in a steady state maintained by spontaneous SDS22-PP1-I3 formation and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis, p97-driven disassembly that recycles active PP1 between different holophosphatase complexes to warrant a dynamic holophosphatase landscape.

01 Aug 2024·Molecular Neurobiology

Downregulation of ATF-4 Attenuates the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress–Mediated Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Impairment in Experimentally Induced Alzheimer’s Disease Model

Article

Author: Jindal, Garima ; Suramya, Suramya ; Mangla, Anuradha ; Akhter, Juheb ; Goswami, Poonam ; Ahmad, Shahzad ; Raisuddin, Sheikh

Protein aggregation is invariably associated with the inflammation as a factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated the interaction between downstream factors of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway and inflammation, with implications in cognitive impairment in AD. Amyloid-β (Aβ)_(1-42) was administered by bilateral intracerebroventricular (icv) injection in the brain of adult male Wistar rats to experimentally develop AD. The cognitive impairment was assessed by measuring behavioral parameters such as Morris water maze and novel object recognition tests. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in different rat brain regions. Inflammatory marker proteins such as cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 and phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-КB) (p65) were measured by the western blotting. Gene expression of ER stress downstream factors such as ATF-4, CHOP, and GADD-34 was analyzed by qRT-PCR. Histological studies were performed to check Aβ accumulation and neuronal degeneration. Integrated stress response inhibitor (ISRIB) was used to confirm the specific role of ER stress-mediated inflammation in cognitive impairment. Administration of Aβ_(1-42) resulted in alteration in levels of inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory proteins, and mRNA levels of ER stress downstream factors. ISRIB treatment resulted in attenuation of Aβ_(1-42)-induced ER stress, inflammation, neurodegeneration, and cognitive impairment in rats. These results indicate that ER stress-mediated inflammation potentiates the cognitive impairment in AD. An understanding of cascade of events, interaction of ER stress which was a hallmark of the present investigation together with inflammation and modulation of downstream signalling factors could serve as potent biomarkers to study AD progression.

News (Medical) associated with PPP1R15A

29 Oct 2024

·www.prnewswire.com

Discovery of cancer risk associations for six novel genes

REYKJAVIK, Iceland, Oct. 29, 2024 /PRNewswire/ --Scientists at deCODE genetics/Amgen, and their collaborators have discovered six novel genes with rare germline variants that associate with cancer risk. The findings are published today in Nature Genetics under the title "Gene-based burden tests of rare germline variants identify six cancer susceptibility genes". Continue Reading Kari Stefansson senior author of the paper, “Gene-based burden tests of rare germline variants identify six cancer susceptibility genes”, published today in Nature Genetics, discusses the paper with Erna V. Ivarsdottir first author on the paper. Kari Stefansson CEO of deCODE genetics and senior author on the paper in Nature Genetics, with Erna V. Ivarsdottir scientists at deCODE genetics and first author. A subset of cancers arises in individuals who are born with rare sequence variants that significantly alter their cancer risk. The discovery of such variants, like those in the BRCA1- and BRCA2 genes, has led to improved early cancer detection and the development of targeted therapies, ultimately reducing the cancer burden and improving prognosis of those carrying these mutations. In this study, the scientists analysed three large genetic datasets from individuals of European descent, including 130,991 cancer patients and 733,486 controls. Through a gene-based burden association analysis across 22 different cancer types, they found four novel genes associated with a risk of developing cancer; the pro-apoptotic BIK for prostate cancer, the autophagy involved ATG12 for colorectal cancer, TG for thyroid cancer, and CMTR2 for both lung cancer and cutaneous melanoma. The relative increase in cancer risk conferred by these variants was substantial (90-295%), but it should be noted that the design of the study does not allow accurate assessment of absolute lifetime cancer risk. Additionally, the researchers found the first genes with rare variants that are associated with a decreased risk of cancer. Specifically, loss of AURKB was found to protect against any cancer type, and loss of PPP1R15A was associated with 53% lower risk of breast cancer. This suggests that inhibition of PPP1R15A may be a therapeutic option for breast cancer. The study revealed new insight into the biological mechanisms involved in cancer predisposition that will hopefully lead to better screening and treatment strategies. Video - Photo - SOURCE deCODE genetics WANT YOUR COMPANY'S NEWS FEATURED ON PRNEWSWIRE.COM? 440k+ Newsrooms & Influencers 9k+ Digital Media Outlets 270k+ Journalists Opted In GET STARTED

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PPP1R15A

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