Last update 21 Mar 2024
BCKDK
branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase kinase
Last update 21 Mar 2024
Basic Info
Synonyms [3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase [lipoamide]] kinase, mitochondrial, BCKD-kinase, BCKDHKIN + [3] |
Introduction Catalyzes the phosphorylation and inactivation of the branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex, the key regulatory enzyme of the valine, leucine and isoleucine catabolic pathways. Key enzyme that regulate the activity state of the BCKD complex. |
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A PHASE 1, RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, SPONSOR-OPEN, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, PARALLEL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE SAFETY, TOLERABILITY, PHARMACOKINETICS, AND PHARMACODYNAMICS OF MULTIPLE ASCENDING ORAL DOSES OF PF-07328948
A PHASE 1, RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, SPONSOR-OPEN, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, 4-PERIOD, CROSSOVER, FIRST-IN-HUMAN STUDY TO EVALUATE THE SAFETY, TOLERABILITY, PHARMACOKINETICS, AND PHARMACODYNAMICS OF SINGLE ASCENDING ORAL DOSES OF PF-07328948 ADMINISTERED TO HEALTHY ADULT PARTICIPANTS
100 Clinical Results associated with BCKDK
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100 Translational Medicine associated with BCKDK
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01 Dec 2024Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry
Identification of putative allosteric inhibitors of BCKDK via virtual screening and biological evaluation.
Article
Author: Chunqiong Li ; Quanjun Yang ; Li Zhang
Abnormal accumulation of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) can lead to metabolic diseases and cancers. Branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase kinase (BCKDK) is a key negative regulator of BCAA catabolism, and targeting BCKDK provides a promising therapeutic approach for diseases caused by BCAA accumulation. Here, we screened PPHN and POAB as novel putative allosteric inhibitors by integrating allosteric binding site prediction, large-scale ligand database virtual screening, and bioactivity evaluation assays. Both of them showed a high binding affinity to BCKDK, with Kd values of 3.9 μM and 1.86 μM, respectively. In vivo experiments, the inhibitors demonstrated superior kinase inhibitory activity and notable antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on diverse cancer cells. Finally, bulk RNA-seq analysis revealed that PPHN and POAB suppressed cell growth through a range of signalling pathways. Taken together, our findings highlight two novel BCKDK inhibitors as potent therapeutic candidates for metabolic diseases and cancers associated with BCAA dysfunctional metabolism.
30 Jan 2024The Journal of biological chemistry
The BCKDK inhibitor BT2 is a chemical uncoupler that lowers mitochondrial ROS production and de novo lipogenesis.
Article
Author: Aracely Acevedo ; Anthony E Jones ; Bezawit T Danna ; Rory Turner ; Katrina P Montales ; Cristiane Benincá ; Karen Reue ; Orian S Shirihai ; Linsey Stiles ; Martina Wallace ; Yibin Wang ; Ambre M Bertholet ; Ajit S Divakaruni
Elevated levels of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) and branched-chain α-ketoacids (BCKAs) are associated with cardiovascular and metabolic disease, but the molecular mechanisms underlying a putative causal relationship remain unclear. The branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase (BCKDK) inhibitor BT2 is often used in preclinical models to increase BCAA oxidation and restore steady-state BCAA and BCKA levels. BT2 administration is protective in various rodent models of heart failure and metabolic disease, but confoundingly, targeted ablation of Bckdk in specific tissues does not reproduce the beneficial effects conferred by pharmacologic inhibition. Here we demonstrate that BT2, a lipophilic weak acid, can act as a mitochondrial uncoupler. Measurements of oxygen consumption, mitochondrial membrane potential, and patch-clamp electrophysiology show BT2 increases proton conductance across the mitochondrial inner membrane independently of its inhibitory effect on BCKDK. BT2 is roughly six-fold less potent than the prototypical uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), and phenocopies DNP in lowering de novo lipogenesis and mitochondrial superoxide production. The data suggest the therapeutic efficacy of BT2 may be attributable to the well-documented effects of mitochondrial uncoupling in alleviating cardiovascular and metabolic disease.
16 Jan 2024Journal of cellular biochemistry
The BCKDH kinase inhibitor BT2 promotes BCAA disposal and mitochondrial proton leak in both insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant C2C12 myotubes.
Article
Author: Caroline N Rivera ; Carly E Smith ; Lillian V Draper ; Madison E Kee ; Norah E Cook ; Macey R McGovern ; Rachel M Watne ; Andrew J Wommack ; Roger A Vaughan
Elevated circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) have been correlated with the severity of insulin resistance, leading to recent investigations that stimulate BCAA metabolism for the potential benefit of metabolic diseases. BT2 (3,6-dichlorobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid), an inhibitor of branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase, promotes BCAA metabolism by enhancing BCKDH complex activity. The purpose of this report was to investigate the effects of BT2 on mitochondrial and glycolytic metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and de novo lipogenesis both with and without insulin resistance. C2C12 myotubes were treated with or without low or moderate levels of BT2 with or without insulin resistance. Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to assess protein and gene expression, respectively. Mitochondrial, nuclei, and lipid content were measured using fluorescent staining and microscopy. Cell metabolism was assessed via oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rate. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to quantify BCAA media content. BT2 treatment consistently promoted mitochondrial uncoupling following 24-h treatment, which occurred largely independent of changes in expressional profiles associated with mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, BCAA catabolism, insulin sensitivity, or lipogenesis. Acute metabolic studies revealed a significant and dose-dependent effect of BT2 on mitochondrial proton leak, suggesting BT2 functions as a small-molecule uncoupler. Additionally, BT2 treatment consistently and dose-dependently reduced extracellular BCAA levels without altering expression of BCAA catabolic enzymes or pBCKDHa activation. BT2 appears to act as a small-molecule mitochondrial uncoupler that promotes BCAA utilization, though the interplay between these two observations requires further investigation.
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