Last update 01 Nov 2024

SMOX

Last update 01 Nov 2024

Basic Info

Synonyms

C20orf16, dJ779E11.1, FLJ20746

+ [8]

Introduction

Flavoenzyme which catalyzes the oxidation of spermine to spermidine. Can also use N(1)-acetylspermine and spermidine as substrates, with different affinity depending on the isoform (isozyme) and on the experimental conditions. Plays an important role in the regulation of polyamine intracellular concentration and has the potential to act as a determinant of cellular sensitivity to the antitumor polyamine analogs. May contribute to beta-alanine production via aldehyde dehydrogenase conversion of 3-amino-propanal.

Drugs associated with SMOX

MDL-72527

Target

PAOX x SMOX

Mechanism

PAOX inhibitors [+2]

Active Org.

Veterans Administration Outpatient Clinic [+3]

Originator Org.

Aventis SA

Active Indication

Diabetic Retinopathy [+1]

Inactive Indication

Neoplasms

Drug Highest PhasePreclinical

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

C9-4

Target

SMOX

Mechanism

SMOX inhibitors

Active Org.

Nihon University

Originator Org.

Nihon University

Active Indication

Brain Ischemia

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhasePreclinical

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

100 Clinical Results associated with SMOX

100 Translational Medicine associated with SMOX

0 Patents (Medical) associated with SMOX

469

Literatures (Medical) associated with SMOX

01 Nov 2024·Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Effect of electric current in viability, biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A systematic review

Review

Author: Chavez-Manini, Corinna Aimee ; Favila-Pérez, María Alejandra ; Arzate-Quintana, Carlos ; Quiñonez-Flores, Celia María ; Reza-López, Sandra Alicia ; Castillo-González, Alva Rocío ; Camarillo-Cisneros, Javier

BACKGROUNDThe bactericidal effect of electric current has been studied in various microorganisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The objective of this review is to identify the experimental parameters with the greatest antibacterial effect in the shortest time.METHODSLiterature search was conducted in the databases PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Only original articles published between 2014-2023 were included, where the effect of electric current on viability, biofilm formation, and/or antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa was analyzed. Quality control criteria considered included specifying control and experimental groups, replicates performed, experimental parameters, and study limitations.RESULTSTen studies were included, which involved the strains Xen5, Xen41, PAO1 persistent cells, and PA14. An average reduction of 3.5 log in biofilm formation was observed in the included studies. The electric current parameters that achieved the greatest effect were 500 μA DC with platinum electrodes for 4 days [5.2-5.5 log], 200 μA intermittent with titanium electrodes for 4 days [4.99 log], and 150 ± 60 μA with silver electrodes for 24 hours [4 log]. Complete eradication of PAO1 persistent cells was achieved in 1 hour with a treatment of 70 μA/cm2 DC followed by 1.5 μg/mL tobramycin for 1 hour each.CONCLUSIONSThe bactericidal effect of electric current is proportional to the exposure time and current intensity. The electrode material influences the effectiveness of the treatment, possibly because of redox reactions, while differences are observed in the effect on the cell membrane and gene expression when using metallic or carbon electrodes, suggesting differences in the mechanism of action.

24 Oct 2024·Journal of Bacteriology

The relationship between pqs gene expression and acylhomoserine lactone signaling in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Article

Author: Greenberg, E. Peter ; Smalley, Nicole E. ; Schaefer, Amy L. ; Soto-Aceves, Martín P.

ABSTRACT The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa has complex quorum sensing (QS) circuitry, which involves two acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) systems, the LasI AHL synthase and LasR AHL-dependent transcriptional activator system and the RhlI AHL synthase-RhlR AHL-responsive transcriptional activator. There is also a quinoline signaling system [the Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) system]. Although there is a core set of genes regulated by the AHL circuits, there is strain-to-strain variation in the non-core QS regulon. A size reduction of the QS regulon occurs in laboratory evolution experiments with the model strain PAO1. We used transcriptomics to test the hypothesis that reductive evolution in the PAO1 QS regulon can in large part be explained by a null mutation in pqsR , the gene encoding the transcriptional activator of the pqs operon. We found that PqsR had very little influence on the AHL QS regulon. This was a surprising finding because the last gene in the PqsR-dependent pqs operon, pqsE , codes for a protein, which physically interacts with RhlR, and this interaction is required for RhlR-dependent activation of some genes. We used comparative transcriptomics to examine the influence of a pqsE mutation on the QS regulon and identified only three transcripts, which were strictly dependent on PqsE. By using reporter constructs, we showed that the PqsE influence on other genes was dependent on experimental conditions and we have gained some insight about those conditions. This work adds to our understanding of the plasticity of the P. aeruginosa QS regulon and to the role PqsE plays in RhlR-dependent gene activation. IMPORTANCE Over many generations of growth in certain conditions, Pseudomonas aeruginosa undergoes a large reductive evolution in the number of genes activated by quorum sensing. Here, we rule out one plausible route of the reductive evolution: that a mutation in a transcriptional activator PqsR or the PqsR activation of pqsE , which codes for a chaperone for the quorum sensing signal-responsive transcription factor RhlR, explains the finding. We further provide information about the influence of PqsR and PqsE on quorum sensing in P. aeruginosa .

01 Oct 2024·Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology

Targeting SMOX for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma?

Article

Author: Cheng, Chunming ; Tao, Yulei

Dysregulation of the polyamine metabolism is common in different cancer types. SMOX is upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but the relationship between SMOX and liver inflammation and fibrosis, remains unclear. In this issue of Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol, Hu and colleagues find targeting SMOX can alleviate liver cancer progression.

Analysis

Perform a panoramic analysis of this field.

view full example data

Chat with Hiro

Get started for free today!

Accelerate Strategic R&D decision making with Synapse, PatSnap’s AI-powered Connected Innovation Intelligence Platform Built for Life Sciences Professionals.

Start your data trial now!

Synapse data is also accessible to external entities via APIs or data packages. Empower better decisions with the latest in pharmaceutical intelligence.

Bio

Bio Sequences Search & Analysis

Chemical

Chemical Structures Search & Analysis

SMOX

Basic Info

Related

Analysis