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Last update 08 May 2025

MGAM

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

Alpha-1,4-glucosidase, alpha-glucosidase, maltase-glucoamylase

+ [4]

Introduction

Alpha-(1,4) exo-glucosidase involved in breakdown of dietary starch oligosaccharides in small intestine. Cleaves the non-reducing alpha-(1,4)-linked glucose residue in linear dextrins with retention of anomeric center stereochemistry (PubMed:12547908, PubMed:18036614, PubMed:18356321, PubMed:22058037, PubMed:27480812). Mainly hydrolyzes short length oligomaltoses having two to seven glucose residues (PubMed:12547908, PubMed:18036614, PubMed:18356321, PubMed:22058037, PubMed:27480812). Can cleave alpha-(1,2), alpha-(1,3) and alpha-(1,6) glycosidic linkages with lower efficiency, whereas beta glycosidic linkages are usually not hydrolyzed (PubMed:27480812).

Drugs associated with MGAM

Mitiglinide Calcium Hydrate/Voglibose

Target

MGAM x Potassium channel x VGKCs

Mechanism

MGAM inhibitors [+2]

Active Org.

Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Originator Org.

Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Active Indication

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.

Japan

First Approval Date22 Apr 2011

Voglibose/Metformin Hydrochloride

Target

MGAM x PRKAB1

Mechanism

MGAM inhibitors [+1]

Active Org.

Athena Pharmaceutiques SAS

Originator Org.

Athena Pharmaceutiques SAS

Active Indication

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.

India

First Approval Date01 Jan 2011

Voglibose

Target

GANC x MGAM x α-glucosidase

Mechanism

GANC inhibitors [+2]

Active Org.

Hasten Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. [+2]

Originator Org.

Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Active Indication

Diabetes Mellitus [+1]

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.

Japan

First Approval Date01 Jul 1994

240

Clinical Trials associated with MGAM

NCT05487859

/ Not yet recruitingPhase 2IIT

A Pilot Study of the Immunomodulatory Agent Acarbose in Combination with Standard Therapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)

The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and tolerability of acarbose in combination of immunotherapy based standard of care therapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma patients.

Start Date31 Dec 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

The University of Alabama at Birmingham

CTR20244876

/ CompletedNot Applicable

阿卡波糖片健康人体生物等效性试验

[Translation] Bioequivalence study of acarbose tablets in healthy volunteers

主要研究目的研究受试制剂阿卡波糖片（规格：0.1g，生产厂家：北京双鹭药业股份有限公司）和参比制剂阿卡波糖片（商品名：拜唐苹®，规格：0.1g，持证商为拜耳医药保健有限公司）在健康受试者空腹状态下单剂量给药时的药效动力学特征，评价两制剂的人体生物等效性。次要研究目的观察受试制剂阿卡波糖片和参比制剂拜唐苹®在健康受试者中的安全性。

[Translation]

The main purpose of the study is to study the pharmacodynamic characteristics of the test preparation acarbose tablets (specification: 0.1g, manufacturer: Beijing Shuanglu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and the reference preparation acarbose tablets (trade name: Baytangping®, specification: 0.1g, licensee is Bayer Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.) when administered as a single dose to healthy subjects in the fasting state, and to evaluate the bioequivalence of the two preparations in humans. The secondary purpose of the study is to observe the safety of the test preparation acarbose tablets and the reference preparation Baytangping® in healthy subjects.

Start Date10 Feb 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Beijing SL Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

CTR20244400

/ CompletedNot Applicable

伏格列波糖口崩片在中国健康受试者中单次口服给药的一项单中心、随机、开放、两制剂、两序列生物等效性试验

[Translation] A single-center, randomized, open-label, two-formulation, two-sequence bioequivalence study of voglibose orodisintegrating tablets in healthy Chinese subjects after single oral administration

以口服蔗糖产生的体内葡萄糖动力学为对照组，在中国健康受试者中考察单次口服3片由山东朗诺制药有限公司提供的伏格列波糖口崩片（受试制剂T，规格：0.2mg）或单次口服3片由Teva Takeda Yakuhin Ltd.持证的伏格列波糖口崩片（参比制剂R，商品名：Basen®，规格：0.2mg）与蔗糖后产生的体内葡萄糖药动学的变化。以两种伏格列波糖制剂对葡萄糖动力学影响作为药效学指标，评价两制剂间的生物等效性。

[Translation]

The in vivo glucose pharmacokinetics produced by oral administration of sucrose was used as the control group to investigate the changes in the in vivo glucose pharmacokinetics produced by oral administration of 3 tablets of voglibose orodisintegrating tablets (test preparation T, specification: 0.2 mg) provided by Shandong Langnuo Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. or 3 tablets of voglibose orodisintegrating tablets (reference preparation R, trade name: Basen®, specification: 0.2 mg) certified by Teva Takeda Yakuhin Ltd. and sucrose in healthy Chinese subjects. The effects of the two voglibose preparations on glucose kinetics were used as pharmacodynamic indicators to evaluate the bioequivalence between the two preparations.

Start Date17 Dec 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator

Shandong Langnuo Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.

100 Clinical Results associated with MGAM

100 Translational Medicine associated with MGAM

0 Patents (Medical) associated with MGAM

348

Literatures (Medical) associated with MGAM

30 Mar 2025·JBMR Plus

Bone disease and osteoporosis associated with Pompe disease

Article

Author: Quinonez, Auremil ; Malluche, Hartmut ; Maxey, Lucas ; Rao, Madhumathi ; Freibert, Hannah

AbstractPompe disease is a lysosomal storage disorder defined by a mutation in the GAA gene encoding alpha-1,4-glucosidase alpha (acid maltase). Pompe disease encompasses a range of clinical presentations that are broadly characterized as either classic infantile Pompe disease or late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD). LOPD is a milder manifestation of the disease that presents after the first year of life and is typically characterized by mild proximal muscle weakness and lack of cardiac involvement compared to the classic infantile form. The mainstay of treatment is enzyme replacement therapy (EnRT). Decreased bone mineral density (BMD) is frequently encountered in LOPD. While bone loss is thought to be due to mechanical unloading secondary to the progressive muscle weakness associated with the disease, there is a lack of tissue-level data in support of this mechanism. We describe a 60-yr-old female with LOPD managed with EnRT who presented with proximal muscle weakness and decreased BMD on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Undecalcified bone histology showed low turnover osteoporosis, and treatment was initiated with romosozumab. Romosozumab specifically may provide a promising osteoporosis therapy for LOPD-associated osteoporosis. As a sclerostin inhibitor, it both inhibits bone resorption and promotes new bone formation. We additionally emphasize that bone biopsy should be considered as a useful diagnostic tool in the evaluation of osteoporosis associated with uncommon pathologies, since bone histology provides more specific tissue-level information over clinical and laboratory evaluation as well as substantive guidance for treatment.

01 Feb 2025·Physiology & Behavior

Plasma proteomic signature of chronic psychosocial stress in mice

Article

Author: O'Connor, Lewis A ; English, Jane A. ; O'Leary, Olivia F ; Scaife, Caitriona ; Golubeva, Anna V ; Golubeva, Anna V. ; Nolan, Yvonne M ; Donoso, Francisco ; O'Connor, Lewis A. ; Nolan, Yvonne M. ; Melo, Thieza G. ; Melo, Thieza G ; English, Jane A ; O'Leary, Olivia F.

Chronic stress significantly impacts both physical and mental wellbeing, increasing risk of cardiovascular disease, immune dysregulation, and psychiatric conditions such as depression and anxiety disorders. The plasma proteome is a valuable source of biomarkers of health and disease, but the limited number of studies exploring the potential of the plasma proteome as a biomarker for stress-related disorders underscores the importance of further investigation of the effects of chronic stress on the plasma proteome. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a 5-week chronic psychosocial stress paradigm on the plasma proteome in mice and to determine if any affected proteins correlated with stress-induced changes in behaviour and physiology, and thus might represent biomarkers of negative impacts of chronic stress. Using LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis, 38 proteins in the mouse plasma proteome were identified to be affected by chronic psychosocial stress. Functional analysis revealed that these proteins clustered into biological functions including inflammatory response, regulation of the immune response, complement and coagulation cascades, lipid metabolic process, and high-density lipoprotein particles. Correlation analyses of the identified proteins with stress-induced behavioral or physiological changes stress revealed significant correlations between stress-induced anxiety-like behaviour and Phosphatidylinositol-glycan-specific phospholipase D, Complement C2, Epidermal growth factor receptor, Prosaposin, Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B, Maltase-glucoamylase, Mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase IA and Fibrinogen-like protein 1. Chronic psychosocial stress blunted acute stress-induced corticosterone release, and this correlated with abundance of Pyrethroid hydrolase Ces2a; N-fatty-acyl-amino acid synthase/hydrolase Pm20d1, Mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase IA, Alpha-2-macroglobulin-P and L-selectin. Finally, stress-induced reductions in both brown and epididymal fat correlated with Phosphatidylinositol-glycan-specific phospholipase D, Complement C2, Epidermal growth factor receptor, Kininogen-1, Apolipoprotein M, Angiopoietin-related protein 3, Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, and Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein. These findings demonstrate that chronic psychosocial stress induces alterations in plasma proteins implicated in key biological processes and pathways related to stress response, immune function, and lipid metabolic regulation. Further investigation into these proteins may provide new avenues for identification of biomarkers or mediators of stress-induced pathology.

08 Jan 2025·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Expression of Recombinant Human α-Glucosidase in HEK293 Cells

Article

Author: Qiao, Ying ; Odagaki, Yuki ; Ikeda, Yuki ; Takita, Teisuke ; Arikawa, Emi ; Nishimoto, So ; Debarbat, Anaïs ; Ito, Masaaki ; Kimura, Toshiyuki ; Yano, Haruna ; Yasukawa, Kiyoshi

In mammals, intestinal α-glucosidase exists as a maltase-glucoamylase complex (MGAM) and a sucrase-isomaltase complex (SI). In this study, we transiently expressed human MGAM and SI in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells. At pH 6.0 and 37 °C, the MGAM-expressing HEK293 cells extract (MGE) exhibited maltase, glucoamylase, and isomaltase activities but not sucrase activity, whereas the SI-expressing HEK293 cells extract (SIE) exhibited sucrase, isomaltase, and maltase activities but not glucoamylase activity. The apparent K_m value of the MGE for maltose hydrolysis was 14-26% of that of the SIE for maltose, sucrose, and isomaltose hydrolysis. The respective apparent V_max values of the MGE and SIE for sucrose and isomaltose hydrolysis were 0% and 6% and 10% and 42% of those for maltose hydrolysis. These results indicated that the maltase activities of MGAM and SI were higher than those of sucrase and isomaltase.

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MGAM

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