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Last update 08 May 2025

UNG

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

DGU, HIGM4, UDG

+ [6]

Introduction

Excises uracil residues from the DNA which can arise as a result of misincorporation of dUMP residues by DNA polymerase or due to deamination of cytosine.

Drugs associated with UNG

Target UDG (XPose Therapeutics)

Target

UNG

Mechanism

UNG modulators

Active Org.

Xpose Therapeutics, Inc.

Originator Org.

Xpose Therapeutics, Inc.

Active Indication

Neoplasms

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhasePreclinical

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

100 Clinical Results associated with UNG

100 Translational Medicine associated with UNG

0 Patents (Medical) associated with UNG

1,561

Literatures (Medical) associated with UNG

01 Oct 2025·Bioelectrochemistry

Dual-mode DNA nano-stage biosensing platform for efficient detection of uracil-DNA glycosylase activity in cells

Article

Author: Ye, Yanhong ; Hu, Kaiyue ; Hu, Yufang ; Cong, Ruyue ; Hu, Dandan ; Sun, Jingran ; Zhu, Qianlin

Analyzing uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) activity is essential for understanding DNA repair mechanisms in disease progression and treatment. This study presents a dual-mode DNA nano-stage biosensing platform integrating electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for highly sensitive and specific UDG detection. A DNA-prism-modified electrode immobilizes UDG-responsive elements, forming a stable and efficient detection interface. Upon UDG cleavage, released DNA fragments initiate rapid nano-stage assembly, significantly amplifying the signal output. ECL signals are produced by embedded [Ru(phen)₃]²⁺ complexes, while EIS signals result from the reaction of 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) with H₂O₂, catalyzed by manganese tetrakis(4-N-methylpyridyl)porphyrin (MnTMPyP). The platform achieves an exceptional detection limit of 1.0 × 10^-5 U/mL, effectively validating the inhibitory effects of UDG inhibitors. Furthermore, a strong correlation between UDG activity and HeLa cell number is demonstrated. Compared to a commercial UDG detection kit, the biosensor exhibits comparable sensitivity with enhanced versatility. Notably, UDG activity is significantly higher in cancerous cells than in normal cells, reflecting the increased DNA repair demand in malignancy. This capability to distinguish UDG activity among different cell types highlights its potential for cancer diagnostics, while this biosensor platform shows promise for broader applications in clinical diagnostics, cancer research, and drug discovery.

01 Jun 2025·Acta Histochemica

Fluorescent strategy for detection of uracil-DNA glycosylase activity based on isothermal amplification triggered by ligase

Article

Author: Chang, Xin ; Zhang, Pansong ; He, Fangfang ; Ren, Chenxia

Uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) plays a key role in the base repair system, and detecting its enzymatic activity is crucial for early disease diagnosis. A rapid method for detecting UDG was developed, utilizing amplification initiated by a ligation reaction. A DNA probe modified with uracil was utilized to ligate two free DNA strands to form a newly generated DNA strand. This triggers a nicking enzyme-assisted amplification reaction, resulting in the production of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). Then, the amplified ssDNA triggered the molecular beacons to emit fluorescence. However, the addition of UDG results in the removal of uracil from the DNA probe strand, leaving abasic site (AP site). After heat denaturation, this site was destroyed, preventing subsequent ligation or amplification reactions, resulting in the absence of fluorescence. The findings of our study indicate that the addition of UDG at concentrations exceeding 0.5 U/mL resulted in complete suppression of fluorescence intensity, reaching a value of 0. Conversely, in the absence of the UDG enzyme or upon the addition of other enzymes and proteins such as HAAG, EndoIV and BSA, the fluorescence intensity of the system remains unaffected, achieving 100 % intensity within 5-20 min. This study presents a rapid method for assessing UDG activity that could be valuable for early disease diagnosis in the future.

02 Apr 2025·Journal of the American Chemical Society

Uridine Embedded within DNA is Repaired by Uracil DNA Glycosylase via a Mechanism Distinct from That of Ribonuclease H2

Article

Author: Zhan, Xuelin ; Ren, Mengtian ; Fan, Chaochao ; Guo, Fengmin ; Shan, Xiajing ; Greenberg, Marc M. ; Zhou, Yifei ; Liu, Yijin ; Zhou, Chuanzheng ; Lu, Kuan ; Li, Qiang

Uridine (rU) and 2'-deoxyuridine (dU) are common DNA lesions. dU is repaired through a base excision repair (BER) pathway initiated by uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG), while rU is typically removed from DNA via ribonucleotide excision repair, mediated by RNase H2. In this study, we report that rU is also repaired through the UDG-mediated BER pathway. We found that UDG catalyzes the removal of uracil from rU embedded in DNA, but exhibits no activity toward rU in RNA. Biochemical and crystallographic analyses revealed that the 2'-OH group of rU is effectively accommodated by UDG and directly participates in catalyzing the hydrolysis of the N-glycosidic bond. The abasic site product generated upon removal of uracil from rU by UDG is further processed by downstream BER enzymes to restore undamaged DNA. Our findings suggest that UDG-initiated BER constitutes a previously unrecognized pathway for the repair of rU-specific ribonucleotides. Additionally, we developed a method for selectively quantifying rU content in DNA. Using this method, we determined that rU repair by UDG is not a major pathway in human cells. This discovery expands our understanding of the diverse biological functions of UDG, and inspires further investigation to determine the role of its rU-removal in cells.

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