Last update 01 Nov 2024

B2 receptor x GSK-3β

Last update 01 Nov 2024

Basic Info

Related Targets

B2 receptorGSK-3β

Drugs associated with B2 receptor x GSK-3β

Anti-glycogen synthase kinase 3 monoclonal antibodies(DiaMedica Therapeutics)

Target

B2 receptor x GSK-3β

Mechanism

B2 receptor agonists [+1]

Active Org.-

Originator Org.

DiaMedica Therapeutics, Inc.

Active Indication-

Inactive Indication

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 [+5]

Drug Highest PhaseDiscontinued

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

100 Clinical Results associated with B2 receptor x GSK-3β

100 Translational Medicine associated with B2 receptor x GSK-3β

0 Patents (Medical) associated with B2 receptor x GSK-3β

Literatures (Medical) associated with B2 receptor x GSK-3β

03 Dec 2020·DNA ResearchQ2 · BIOLOGY

Whole genome sequencing identifies allelic ratio distortion in sperm involving genes related to spermatogenesis in a swine model

Q2 · BIOLOGY

ArticleOA

Author: Castelló, Anna ; Ruiz-Herrera, Aurora ; Gòdia, Marta ; Casellas, Joaquim ; Sánchez, Armand ; Rodríguez-Gil, Joan E ; Clop, Alex

AbstractTransmission Ratio Distortion (TRD), the uneven transmission of an allele from a parent to its offspring, can be caused by allelic differences affecting gametogenesis, fertilization or embryogenesis. However, TRD remains vaguely studied at a genomic scale. We sequenced the diploid and haploid genomes of three boars from leukocytes and spermatozoa at 50x to shed light into the genetic basis of spermatogenesis-caused Allelic Ratio Distortion (ARD). We first developed a Binomial model to identify ARD by simultaneously analysing all three males. This led to the identification of 55 ARD SNPs, most of which were animal-specific. We then evaluated ARD individually within each pig by a Fisher’s exact test and identified two shared genes (TOP3A and UNC5B) and four shared genomic regions harbouring distinct ARD SNPs in the three boars. The shared genomic regions contained candidate genes with functions related to spermatogenesis including AK7, ARID4B, BDKRB2, GSK3B, NID1, NSMCE1, PALB2, VRK1 and ZC3H13. Using the Fisher’s test, we also identified 378 genes containing variants with protein damaging potential in at least one boar, a high proportion of which, including FAM120B, TDRD15, JAM2 or AOX4 among others, are associated to spermatogenesis. Overall, our results show that sperm is subjected to ARD with variants associated to a wide variety of genes involved in different stages of spermatogenesis.

01 May 2019·PhytomedicineQ2 · MEDICINE

Salvia miltiorrhiza in diabetes: A review of its pharmacology, phytochemistry, and safety

Q2 · MEDICINE

Review

Author: Zhang, Dongwei ; Chen, Beibei ; Li, Lin ; Li, Rui ; Gao, Sihua ; Zhao, Dandan ; Mo, Fangfang ; Che, Yiwen ; Wang, Lili ; Jia, Qiangqiang ; Zhu, Ruyuan ; Tian, Yimiao

BACKGROUNDSalvia miltiorrhiza (SM), one of the frequently used herbs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has now attracted rising interests for a possible alternative in the management of diabetes. This review is aimed to providing a comprehensive perspective of SM in phytochemical constituents, pharmacological activities against diabetes and its complications, and safety.METHODSA comprehensive search of published literatures was conducted to locate original publications pertaining to SM and diabetes till the end of 2017 using PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, National Science and Technology Library, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Web of Science database. The main inquiry was used for the presence of the following keywords in various combinations in the titles and abstracts: Salvia miltiorrhiza, diabetes, obesity, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and safety. About 200 research papers and reviews were consulted.RESULTSSM exhibited anti-diabetic activities by treating macro- and micro-vascular diseases in preclinical experiments and clinical trials through an improvement of redox homeostasis and inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation via the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin, TSP-1/TGF-β1/STAT3, JNK/PI3K/Akt, kinin B2 receptor-Akt-GSK-3β, AMPKβ/PGC-1α/Sirt3, Akt/AMPK, TXNIP/NLRP3, TGF-β1/NF-κB, mineralocorticoid receptor/Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, AGEs/RAGE, Nrf2/Keap1, CaMKKβ/AMPK, AMPK/ACC, IRS-1/PI3K signaling pathways, and modulation of K⁺-Ca²⁺ channels, as well as influence of VEGF, NOS, AGEs, PPAR expression and hIAPP aggregation. The antidiabetic effects of this herb may be related to its TCM characters of improving blood circulation and reliving blood stasis. The main ingredients of SM included salvianolic acids and diterpenoid tanshinones, which have been well studied in the diabetic animals. Acute and subacute toxicity studies supported the notion that SM is well tolerated.CONCLUSIONSM may offer a new strategy for prevention and treatment of diabetes and its complications that stimulates extensive research into identifying potential anti-diabetic compounds and fractions as well as exploring the underlying mechanisms of this herb. Further scientific evidences are still required from well-designed preclinical experiments and clinical trials on its anti-diabetic effects and safety.

01 Apr 2016·Biological ChemistryQ3 · BIOLOGY

Kinins and microglial responses in bipolar disorder: a neuroinflammation hypothesis

Q3 · BIOLOGY

Review

Author: Naaldijk, Yahaira M. ; Ulrich, Henning ; Sack, Ulrich ; Bittencourt, Maria C.

AbstractBipolar disorder (BD) is a severe psychiatric disorder that affects up to 15% of the worldwide population. Characterized by switches in mood between mania and depression, its etiology is still unknown and efforts have been made to elucidate the mechanisms involved in first episode, development and progression of the disorder. Microglia activation, abnormal activity of GSK-3β and reduction in neurotrophic factor expression related to neuroinflammatory processes have been indicated to be part of the disorder’s pathophysiology. Lithium, the main mood stabilizer used for the treatment and prevention of relapses, acts as an anti-inflammatory agent. Based on that, here we suggest a neuroinflammatory pathway for would be BD progression, in which microglia activation states modulated via constitutive induction of kinin-B1 receptor and reduction of kinin-B2 receptor expression and activity.

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