Comparing low dose apremilast with low dose tofacitinib in the treatment of mild to moderate chronic plaque psoriasis: A randomized open label prospective active controlled non-inferiority study. - NIL

Start Date17 Sep 2024

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Literatures (Medical) associated with Apremilast

31 Dec 2025·JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ECONOMICS

Real-world psoriasis treatment patterns and disease burden in Germany, with a focus on biologics and apremilast: data from a German statutory health insurance database

Article

Author: Schultze, Michael ; Feldhus, Andrea ; Schulte, Marcus ; Pinter, Andreas ; Pignot, Marc ; Kossack, Nils

BACKGROUND:

Psoriasis is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory skin disease, with increasing prevalence; however, few studies have reported real-world prescription patterns and healthcare burden.

OBJECTIVES:

This retrospective, observational cohort study used statutory health insurance claims data (January 2014-December 2019) to estimate prevalence/incidence of moderate-to-severe psoriasis in Germany. Patient characteristics, treatment patterns/compliance, and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU)/costs were evaluated, focusing on apremilast and anti-interleukin (IL), and anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) biologics.

METHODS:

The epidemiology population included adults with psoriasis; 1-year prevalence/incidence rates were extrapolated to the statutory health insurance population. The HCRU/costs population included adults with psoriasis and a first prescription for a drug of interest (index date). Baseline periods were 12 or 48 months before the index date, with 12‑month follow-up.

RESULTS:

In 2019, the estimated psoriasis prevalence/incidence was 2,672.9 per 100,000 individuals/508.7 per 100,000 person-years. Of 2,809 patients in the HCRU/costs population, 3.6% (n = 101) received index drug apremilast, 10.2% (n = 287) anti-IL, 6.8% (n = 191) anti-TNF, and 79.4% (n = 2,230) traditional/other systemic therapy. Patients initiating apremilast were older and were more often biologic-naïve than those initiating anti-IL/TNF biologics. Twelve months after treatment initiation, drug adherence (medication possession rate >80%) and persistence (<60 days between prescriptions/no switch) were lower for apremilast vs. anti-IL and anti-TNF groups (24.8% vs. 59.6% and 53.9%; 36.6% vs. 66.9% and 57.6%, respectively). During a 12-month baseline period, psoriasis-related hospitalization was lower for apremilast vs. anti-IL and anti-TNF groups (4.95% vs. 15.68% and 14.14%) and higher during 12 months' follow-up (5.94% vs. 2.44% and 3.14%). Adjusted index drug costs during follow-up were €4,105, €3,498, and €13,777 higher for adalimumab, other anti-TNF and anti-IL biologics vs. apremilast, respectively, and the main driver for lower overall apremilast costs.

CONCLUSION:

Given variation in treatment adherence/persistence, HCRU, and costs between apremilast and biologics, these findings could be key considerations during treatment selection.

24 Mar 2025·Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics

Identification of characteristic genes and herbal compounds for the treatment of psoriasis based on machine learning and molecular dynamics simulation

Article

Author: Zhang, Guangzhong ; Wang, Zixuan ; Gao, Wenya ; Dan, Wenchao ; Lv, Shuying ; Liao, Xinfu

Psoriasis brings economic and mental burdens to patients, the exact etiology and pathogenesis of psoriasis are still unclear. Compounds of herbal medicine have the potential for psoriasis treatment. This study aims to explore the characteristic genes for psoriasis, which herbal compounds may target. Four differential gene expression datasets, with 181 healthy skin and 181 psoriasis skin lesion samples, were used for analysis. This study employed random forest, neural network, and support vector machine algorithms to identify the characteristic genes associated with psoriasis. The identified genes were validated using external datasets. Then, the main compounds were identified. The targets of compounds were collected through SwissTargetPrediction, Super-PRED, HERB databases, and so on. Finally, a batch virtual screening of compounds with the identified characteristic genes was conducted. Open Babel and AutoDock Tools 1.5.6 were used for molecular docking, and Desmond was used to evaluate molecular dynamics simulations. Twelve characteristic genes, successfully validated in external datasets genes, were identified from 1270 differential genes. The 59 compounds identified contained 1795 targets. There are 143 intersections between differential genes and compound targets. Two-hundred and ninety-four compound-target combinations were selected for molecular docking screening. It was finally found that 8 protein-ligand combinations are highly critical for treating psoriasis, namely AKR1B10-Astilbin, AKR1B10-Ferulic acid, AKR1B10-Cianidanol, IL36G-Astilbin, MMP9-Ferulic acid, OASL-Astilbin, PPARG-Astilbin, SERPINB3-Astilbin, molecular dynamics simulations also indicate that these eight pairs of combinations are stable. This research brings a new perspective to the treatment of psoriasis, these characteristic genes and compounds deserve the attention of clinical researchers.

01 Mar 2025·JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY

Persistence of advanced systemic pharmacological treatment of moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis among bio‐naïve patients—A retrospective register‐based cohort study in Finland and Sweden

Article

Author: Passey, A. ; Wennerström, C. ; Johnsson, I. ; Hoti, F. ; Mälkönen, T. ; Katus, U. ; Westerlund, A. ; Hermanrud, C. ; Sveide, I. ; Hassan, F. ; Polesie, S. ; Tskhvarashvili, G. ; Saarelainen, L. ; Aher, K. ; Lee, J. ; Nissinen, R.

Abstract:

Background:

Plaque psoriasis (PsO) requires long‐term treatment for symptom control and remission; thus, a long‐term pharmacological intervention is necessary. Treatment persistence reflects long‐term therapeutic effectiveness and tolerance.

Objectives:

This study investigates drug persistence and compares treatment discontinuation rates across biologic agents and apremilast used by PsO patients in Finland and Sweden.

Methods:

This retrospective register‐based cohort study included bio‐naïve patients (≥18 years) with moderate‐to‐severe PsO, who initiated treatment with abatacept, adalimumab, brodalumab, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, golimumab, guselkumab, ixekizumab, risankizumab, secukinumab, tildrakizumab, ustekinumab or apremilast during 2008–2020 in Finland or Sweden. The main analysis evaluated persistence (based on duration of continuous treatment) and compared rates of treatment discontinuation using guselkumab as reference drug, during 2018–2020 in Finland. Treatment discontinuation was assessed by survival analysis of the time to first drug discontinuation, including switching to other study drugs. Due to limited sample size (n < 20), certain biologics (abatacept, brodalumab, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, golimumab, risankizumab and tildrakizumab) were excluded from the persistence analysis.

Results:

In Finland, 709 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria during 2018–2020 for the main analysis. The highest persistence was observed for guselkumab and ustekinumab with 90 and 85% of treated patients, respectively, continuing treatment for ≥1 year. Comparable results were observed in the expanded cohort analysis (index starting in 2008; 2745 bio‐naïve patients in Finland and 10,970 in Sweden). Furthermore, patients treated with guselkumab in Finland showed lower treatment discontinuation rates compared to other study drugs.

Conclusion:

Guselkumab and ustekinumab demonstrated high persistence as measured by continued treatment for at least 1 year. Furthermore, these treatments demonstrated lower rates of discontinuation compared to other study drugs included in the analysis. Understanding the balance between efficacy and feasibility in treatment decisions is crucial, as feasibility may impact persistency outcomes and potentially increase persistency rates.

351

News (Medical) associated with Apremilast

13 Mar 2025

·www.prnewswire.com

UPLIZNA® (INEBILIZUMAB-CDON) SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVES GENERALIZED MYASTHENIA GRAVIS SYMPTOMS IN ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR AUTOANTIBODY-POSITIVE PATIENTS OVER 52 WEEKS

Patients Reported Improvement in Ability to Conduct Daily Activities with Twice-Yearly Dosing * Late-Breaking Data to be Presented at AAN 2025 THOUSAND OAKS, Calif., March 13, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- Amgen (NASDAQ:AMGN) today announced new data from the Phase 3, registrational MINT trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of UPLIZNA® (inebilizumab-cdon) in adults living with generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG). The results demonstrated durable and sustained efficacy of UPLIZNA in patients with acetylcholine receptor autoantibody-positive (AChR+) gMG with two doses a year, following an initial loading dose. Findings will be presented as a late-breaking oral presentation during the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) Annual Meeting on April 8, 2025, in San Diego. The Phase 3 MINT trial, which was a randomized-control trial, evaluated UPLIZNA in muscle-specific kinase autoantibody-positive (MuSK+) and AChR+ gMG patients, with the MuSK+ group followed for 26 weeks and the AChR+ group followed for 52 weeks. The trial demonstrated continued improvement in efficacy of UPLIZNA compared to placebo (adjusted difference, −2.8, 95% CI, −3.9 to −1.7) as measured by the change in baseline of Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) score in the AChR+ subpopulation through week 52. Among the AChR+ patients in the UPLIZNA group, 72.3% had a ≥3 point improvement in the MG-ADL score, compared to 45.2% in placebo.1 As previously disclosed at the 2024 American Association of Neuromuscular & Electrodiagnostic Medicine Annual Meeting, the trial met its primary endpoint, with a statistically significant change from baseline in MG-ADL score for UPLIZNA (-4.2) compared with placebo (-2.2) (difference: –1.9, p<0.0001) at Week 26 for the combined study population. "The 52-week MINT trial results highlight the potential for a new standard of care in gMG, offering durable symptom relief with a simplified treatment regimen," said Jay Bradner, M.D., executive vice president of Research and Development at Amgen. "These findings reinforce UPLIZNA's ability to provide sustained symptom relief with just two doses per year—an important advancement for patients living with generalized myasthenia gravis—while underscoring our commitment to developing transformative therapies for people facing complex autoimmune diseases." Change from baseline in the Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis (QMG) score was also greater for patients in the UPLIZNA group as compared to placebo at Week 52 (adjusted difference, −4.3, 95% CI, −5.9 to −2.8). Among the AChR+ patients in the UPLIZNA group, 69.2% improved by ≥3 points in the QMG score, compared to 41.8% in the placebo group.1 MINT was the first and only Phase 3 trial for a biologic to incorporate a corticosteroid taper into its protocol. Patients who entered the study taking corticosteroids were tapered down starting at Week 4 to prednisone 5 mg per day by Week 24. "I'm looking forward to further examining the 52-week MINT data with my colleagues in the neurology community at AAN," said Richard J. Nowak, M.D., M.S., global principal study investigator and director of the Myasthenia Gravis Clinic at Yale University. "These results showed that UPLIZNA consistently relieved burdensome symptoms and improved activities of daily living for gMG patients." No new safety signals were identified. The overall TEAE profile during the study period is consistent with the known safety profile for the approved indication (NMOSD). The most common adverse events included infusion-related reactions, nasopharyngitis and urinary tract infections. UPLIZNA is currently approved for the treatment of adult patients with anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and is under priority FDA review for the treatment of Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) with a PDUFA date of April 3, 2025. The FDA has granted UPLIZNA Orphan Drug Designation for the treatment of gMG. Regulatory filing activities are underway with submission anticipated to be complete in H1 2025. *After an initial loading dose. About the MINT Trial The MINT trial is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial (NCT04524273) evaluating the efficacy and safety of UPLIZNA in adults with gMG. The trial enrolled 238 adults with gMG, including 190 patients who are acetylcholine receptor autoantibody-positive (AChR+) and 48 patients who are muscle-specific kinase autoantibody-positive (MuSK+). Eligibility criteria at screening and randomization included a Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) classification of II, III, or IV disease, MG-ADL score between 6 and 10 with greater than 50% of this score attributed to non-ocular items, or an MG-ADL score of at least 11, QMG score of at least 11, and use of a corticosteroid and/or non-steroidal immunosuppressant. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in MG-ADL score at Week 26 in the combined population. Key secondary endpoints included change from baseline in QMG scores in the combined study population; change from baseline in MG-ADL score at Week 26 for the AChR+ cohort and separately the MuSK+ cohort; and change from baseline in QMG score at Week 26 for the AChR+ cohort and separately the MuSK+ cohort. Patients who entered the study taking a corticosteroid were tapered down to prednisone 5 mg a day, starting at Week 4 to Week 24. The MINT trial also includes an optional three-year open-label treatment period. About Generalized Myasthenia Gravis (gMG) Generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) is a rare, chronic, B-cell-mediated autoimmune disorder that impairs neuromuscular communication and can cause muscle weakness, trouble breathing, difficulty swallowing and impaired speech and vision.2-4 Approximately 85% of patients with myasthenia gravis have the generalized form, or gMG.5,6 The prevalence and incidence of gMG are increasing worldwide.6 There are between 80,000 and 100,000 patients with myasthenia gravis in the U.S.7,8 Approximately 85% of patients with myasthenia gravis have detectable antibodies against AChR, and approximately 7% have detectable antibodies against MuSK.9 Global prevalence is estimated at 2-36 cases per 100,000.10 The disease is more frequently seen in young women (age 20-30) and men aged 50 years and older.6,10 B cells are central to the pathogenesis of gMG. The disease is thought to be primarily driven by pathogenic CD19+ plasmablasts and plasma cells that target critical proteins in the neuromuscular junction.2-4 About UPLIZNA® (inebilizumab-cdon) UPLIZNA is a humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) that causes targeted and sustained depletion of key cells that contribute to underlying disease process (autoantibody-producing CD19+ B cells, including plasmablasts and some plasma cells). The precise mechanism by which UPLIZNA exerts its therapeutic effects is unknown. After two initial infusions, patients need one dose of UPLIZNA every six months. About UPLIZNA in NMOSD INDICATION AND IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION INDICATION UPLIZNA (inebilizumab-cdon) is indicated for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in adult patients who are anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody positive. IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION UPLIZNA is contraindicated in patients with: A history of life-threatening infusion reaction to UPLIZNA Active hepatitis B infection Active or untreated latent tuberculosis WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Infusion Reactions: UPLIZNA can cause infusion reactions, which can include headache, nausea, somnolence, dyspnea, fever, myalgia, rash, or other symptoms. Infusion reactions were most common with the first infusion but were also observed during subsequent infusions. Administer pre-medication with a corticosteroid, an antihistamine, and an anti-pyretic. Infections: The most common infections reported by UPLIZNA-treated patients in the randomized and open-label periods included urinary tract infection (20%), nasopharyngitis (13%), upper respiratory tract infection (8%), and influenza (7%). Delay UPLIZNA administration in patients with an active infection until the infection is resolved. Increased immunosuppressive effects are possible if combining UPLIZNA with another immunosuppressive therapy. The risk of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) reactivation has been observed with other B-cell-depleting antibodies. Perform HBV screening in all patients before initiation of treatment with UPLIZNA. Do not administer to patients with active hepatitis. Although no confirmed cases of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) were identified in UPLIZNA clinical trials, JC virus infection resulting in PML has been observed in patients treated with other B-cell-depleting antibodies and other therapies that affect immune competence. At the first sign or symptom suggestive of PML, withhold UPLIZNA and perform an appropriate diagnostic evaluation. Patients should be evaluated for tuberculosis risk factors and tested for latent infection prior to initiating UPLIZNA. Vaccination with live-attenuated or live vaccines is not recommended during treatment and after discontinuation, until B-cell repletion. Reduction in Immunoglobulins: There may be a progressive and prolonged hypogammaglobulinemia or decline in the levels of total and individual immunoglobulins such as immunoglobulins G and M (IgG and IgM) with continued UPLIZNA treatment. Monitor the level of immunoglobulins at the beginning, during, and after discontinuation of treatment with UPLIZNA until B-cell repletion especially in patients with opportunistic or recurrent infections. Fetal Risk: May cause fetal harm based on animal data. Advise females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus and to use an effective method of contraception during treatment and for 6 months after stopping UPLIZNA. Adverse Reactions: The most common adverse reactions (at least 10% of patients treated with UPLIZNA and greater than placebo) were urinary tract infection and arthralgia. About Amgen Amgen discovers, develops, manufactures and delivers innovative medicines to help millions of patients in their fight against some of the world's toughest diseases. More than 40 years ago, Amgen helped to establish the biotechnology industry and remains on the cutting-edge of innovation, using technology and human genetic data to push beyond what's known today. Amgen is advancing a broad and deep pipeline that builds on its existing portfolio of medicines to treat cancer, heart disease, osteoporosis, inflammatory diseases and rare diseases. In 2024, Amgen was named one of the "World's Most Innovative Companies" by Fast Company and one of "America's Best Large Employers" by Forbes, among other external recognitions. Amgen is one of the 30 companies that comprise the Dow Jones Industrial Average®, and it is also part of the Nasdaq-100 Index®, which includes the largest and most innovative non-financial companies listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market based on market capitalization. For more information, visit Amgen.com and follow Amgen on X, LinkedIn, Instagram, YouTube and Threads. Amgen Forward-Looking Statements This news release contains forward-looking statements that are based on the current expectations and beliefs of Amgen. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, are statements that could be deemed forward-looking statements, including any statements on the outcome, benefits and synergies of collaborations, or potential collaborations, with any other company (including BeiGene, Ltd. or Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd.), the performance of Otezla® (apremilast) (including anticipated Otezla sales growth and the timing of non-GAAP EPS accretion), our acquisitions of Teneobio, Inc., ChemoCentryx, Inc., or Horizon Therapeutics plc (including the prospective performance and outlook of Horizon's business, performance and opportunities, any potential strategic benefits, synergies or opportunities expected as a result of such acquisition, and any projected impacts from the Horizon acquisition on our acquisition-related expenses going forward), as well as estimates of revenues, operating margins, capital expenditures, cash, other financial metrics, expected legal, arbitration, political, regulatory or clinical results or practices, customer and prescriber patterns or practices, reimbursement activities and outcomes, effects of pandemics or other widespread health problems on our business, outcomes, progress, and other such estimates and results. Forward-looking statements involve significant risks and uncertainties, including those discussed below and more fully described in the Securities and Exchange Commission reports filed by Amgen, including our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and any subsequent periodic reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K. Unless otherwise noted, Amgen is providing this information as of the date of this news release and does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements contained in this document as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. No forward-looking statement can be guaranteed and actual results may differ materially from those we project. Discovery or identification of new product candidates or development of new indications for existing products cannot be guaranteed and movement from concept to product is uncertain; consequently, there can be no guarantee that any particular product candidate or development of a new indication for an existing product will be successful and become a commercial product. Further, preclinical results do not guarantee safe and effective performance of product candidates in humans. The complexity of the human body cannot be perfectly, or sometimes, even adequately modeled by computer or cell culture systems or animal models. The length of time that it takes for us to complete clinical trials and obtain regulatory approval for product marketing has in the past varied and we expect similar variability in the future. Even when clinical trials are successful, regulatory authorities may question the sufficiency for approval of the trial endpoints we have selected. We develop product candidates internally and through licensing collaborations, partnerships and joint ventures. Product candidates that are derived from relationships may be subject to disputes between the parties or may prove to be not as effective or as safe as we may have believed at the time of entering into such relationship. Also, we or others could identify safety, side effects or manufacturing problems with our products, including our devices, after they are on the market. Our results may be affected by our ability to successfully market both new and existing products domestically and internationally, clinical and regulatory developments involving current and future products, sales growth of recently launched products, competition from other products including biosimilars, difficulties or delays in manufacturing our products and global economic conditions. In addition, sales of our products are affected by pricing pressure, political and public scrutiny and reimbursement policies imposed by third-party payers, including governments, private insurance plans and managed care providers and may be affected by regulatory, clinical and guideline developments and domestic and international trends toward managed care and healthcare cost containment. Furthermore, our research, testing, pricing, marketing and other operations are subject to extensive regulation by domestic and foreign government regulatory authorities. Our business may be impacted by government investigations, litigation and product liability claims. In addition, our business may be impacted by the adoption of new tax legislation or exposure to additional tax liabilities. If we fail to meet the compliance obligations in the corporate integrity agreement between us and the U.S. government, we could become subject to significant sanctions. Further, while we routinely obtain patents for our products and technology, the protection offered by our patents and patent applications may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented by our competitors, or we may fail to prevail in present and future intellectual property litigation. We perform a substantial amount of our commercial manufacturing activities at a few key facilities, including in Puerto Rico, and also depend on third parties for a portion of our manufacturing activities, and limits on supply may constrain sales of certain of our current products and product candidate development. An outbreak of disease or similar public health threat, such as COVID-19, and the public and governmental effort to mitigate against the spread of such disease, could have a significant adverse effect on the supply of materials for our manufacturing activities, the distribution of our products, the commercialization of our product candidates, and our clinical trial operations, and any such events may have a material adverse effect on our product development, product sales, business and results of operations. We rely on collaborations with third parties for the development of some of our product candidates and for the commercialization and sales of some of our commercial products. In addition, we compete with other companies with respect to many of our marketed products as well as for the discovery and development of new products. Further, some raw materials, medical devices and component parts for our products are supplied by sole third-party suppliers. Certain of our distributors, customers and payers have substantial purchasing leverage in their dealings with us. The discovery of significant problems with a product similar to one of our products that implicate an entire class of products could have a material adverse effect on sales of the affected products and on our business and results of operations. Our efforts to collaborate with or acquire other companies, products or technology, and to integrate the operations of companies or to support the products or technology we have acquired, may not be successful. There can be no guarantee that we will be able to realize any of the strategic benefits, synergies or opportunities arising from the Horizon acquisition, and such benefits, synergies or opportunities may take longer to realize than expected. We may not be able to successfully integrate Horizon, and such integration may take longer, be more difficult or cost more than expected. A breakdown, cyberattack or information security breach of our information technology systems could compromise the confidentiality, integrity and availability of our systems and our data. Our stock price is volatile and may be affected by a number of events. Our business and operations may be negatively affected by the failure, or perceived failure, of achieving our environmental, social and governance objectives. The effects of global climate change and related natural disasters could negatively affect our business and operations. Global economic conditions may magnify certain risks that affect our business. Our business performance could affect or limit the ability of our Board of Directors to declare a dividend or our ability to pay a dividend or repurchase our common stock. We may not be able to access the capital and credit markets on terms that are favorable to us, or at all. The scientific information discussed in this news release relating to new indications for our product is preliminary and investigative and is not part of the labeling approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the product. The product is not approved for the investigational use(s) discussed in this news release, and no conclusions can or should be drawn regarding the safety or effectiveness of the product for these uses. CONTACT: Amgen, Thousand Oaks Madison Howard, 773-636-4910 (media) Elissa Snook, 609-251-1407 (media) Justin Claeys, 805-313-9775 (investors) References Nowak R, Phase 3 Myasthenia Gravis Inebilizumab Trial (MINT): Efficacy Data in AChR+ Generalized MG Subpopulation Through Week-52 [Late-breaking oral presentation]. To be presented at American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting (5-9 April 2025). Available at: Yi, J. S., Guptill, J. T., Stathopoulos, P., Nowak, R. J., & O'Connor, K. C. (2018). B cells in the pathophysiology of myasthenia gravis. Muscle Nerve, 57(2):172-184. Willcox H. N., Newsom-Davis, J., & Calder, L. R. (1984). Cell types required for anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody synthesis by cultured thymocytes and blood lymphocytes in myasthenia gravis. Clinical and Experimental Immunology., 58:97-106. Stathopoulos P., Kumar, A., Nowak, R. J., & O'Connor, K. C. (2017). Autoantibody-producing plasmablasts after B cell depletion identified in muscle-specific kinase myasthenia gravis. JCI Insight, 2(17):e94263. Lazaridis K., & Tzartos, S. J. (2020). Autoantibody Specificities in Myasthenia Gravis; Implications for Improved Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Frontiers in Immunology, 11:212. Dresser L., Wlodarski, R., Rezania, K., & Soliven, B. (2021). Myasthenia Gravis: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations. J Clin Med, 10(11):2235. Ye et al. Frontiers in Neurology. (2024);15:1339167. Rodrigues E., Umeh, E., Aishwarya, Navaratnarajah, N., Cole, A., & Moy, K. (2024). Incidence and prevalence of myasthenia gravis in the United States: A claims-based analysis. Muscle Nerve, 69(2):166-171. Hehir, M. K., & Silvestri, N. J. (2018). Generalized myasthenia gravis: classification, clinical presentation, natural history, and epidemiology. Neurologic Clinics, 36:253-60. Bubuioc, A. M., Kudebayeva, A., Turuspekova, S., Lisnic, V., & Leone, M. A. (2021). The epidemiology of myasthenia gravis. Journal of Medicine and Life, 14(1):7-16. SOURCE Amgen WANT YOUR COMPANY'S NEWS FEATURED ON PRNEWSWIRE.COM? 440k+ Newsrooms & Influencers 9k+ Digital Media Outlets 270k+ Journalists Opted In GET STARTED

Clinical ResultPhase 3AcquisitionDrug ApprovalNDA

12 Mar 2025

·www.prnewswire.com

Psoriatic Arthritis Market Sees Major Shift with Growing Biosimilar Adoption | DelveInsight

The arrival of biosimilars like Celltrion's STEQEYMA and Biocon's YESINTEK is shaking up the psoriatic arthritis market, challenging blockbuster biologics with cost-effective alternatives. As competition intensifies, these biosimilars are reshaping treatment choices and driving a shift in the market landscape. LAS VEGAS, March 12, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects approximately 112 per 100,000 adults worldwide. It is more prevalent in Europe and North America than in Asia and South America. In patients with psoriasis, the prevalence of psoriatic arthritis can range from 6% to 34% in Western populations. Despite its impact, many individuals with psoriatic arthritis remain undiagnosed or receive inadequate treatment, highlighting the need for increased awareness and access to specialized care. As per DelveInsight analysis, among the 7MM, the United States accounted for the highest number of prevalent cases of psoriatic arthritis in 2023, and these cases are expected to increase by the end of 2034 due to several key factors such as an increase in awareness and diagnosis, as well as the rapid prevalence of PsA. Psoriatic arthritis, occurring in approximately 20% of individuals with psoriasis, is a chronic inflammatory arthritis intricately linked to psoriatic arthritis. This aggressive condition is characterized by potential significant morbidity and compromised quality of life. Treatment approaches for psoriatic arthritis encompass a variety of strategies aimed at managing symptoms, slowing disease progression, and improving the overall quality of life. These approaches typically involve a combination of pharmacological therapies, lifestyle modifications, and, in severe cases, surgical interventions. Psoriatic arthritis treatment is highly individualized based on disease severity, response to therapy, and patient preferences, with multidisciplinary care from rheumatologists, dermatologists, and physical therapists playing a key role. Pharmacological treatment for psoriatic arthritis primarily targets inflammation and pain relief. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen and naproxen, are often the first line of defense, helping to reduce pain and inflammation. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) like methotrexate, sulfasalazine, and leflunomide are commonly prescribed to prevent joint damage and suppress the inflammatory process. For individuals with mild-to-moderate psoriatic arthritis, oral small molecules (OSMs) like OTEZLA (apremilast) offer a convenient, non-injectable option by modulating inflammatory pathways. Biologic agents have revolutionized the treatment landscape for psoriatic arthritis. These medications specifically inhibit key molecules in the inflammatory cascade. TNF inhibitors like HUMIRA (adalimumab), ENBREL (etanercept), and REMICADE (infliximab) are frontline biologics that target tumor necrosis factor, a crucial driver of inflammation. Patients who do not respond to TNF inhibitors may benefit from IL-17 inhibitors like COSENTYX (secukinumab) and TALTZ (ixekizumab) or IL-12/23 inhibitors such as STELARA (ustekinumab). Learn more about the FDA-approved psoriatic arthritis drugs @ Drugs for Psoriatic Arthritis Treatment SKYRIZI (risankizumab), developed by AbbVie, is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that acts as an interleukin-23 (IL-23) antagonist. It can be used on its own or in conjunction with non-biologic DMARDs. In June 2022, the FDA approved SKYRIZI as the first and only targeted IL-23 inhibitor for adults with active psoriatic arthritis. Another biologic, TREMFYA (guselkumab by Janssen), was approved by the FDA in July 2020 as the first monoclonal antibody that selectively binds to the p19 subunit of IL-23, further expanding treatment options for psoriatic arthritis patients. BIMZELX (bimekizumab), developed by UCB Biopharma, is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets IL-17A and IL-17F. It received European Commission approval in June 2023 for adults with active psoriatic arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis. On September 23, 2024, the FDA approved BIMZELX for treating adults with active psoriatic arthritis, non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) with objective inflammation, and active ankylosing spondylitis. In Phase III studies, BIMZELX showed meaningful responses in patients with inadequate TNF inhibitor responses and those new to biologics, indicating its potential as an important treatment option for psoriatic arthritis. In cases where joint damage becomes severe and unresponsive to medical therapies, surgical interventions like joint replacement surgery may be necessary to restore function and alleviate pain. Lifestyle changes, such as regular exercise, joint protection techniques, and weight management, are also critical in managing psoriatic arthritis, as excess weight can worsen symptoms and increase disease severity. The treatment landscape for psoriatic arthritis continues to evolve, offering hope to patients with more targeted therapies and improved outcomes. As companies like UCB Biopharma, AbbVie, and Janssen advance their biologic portfolios, the future looks promising for psoriatic arthritis management. The competition in the biosimilar market is intensifying as companies introduce cost-effective alternatives to blockbuster biologics. In December 2024, Celltrion announced FDA approval for STEQEYMA (ustekinumab-stba), a biosimilar to STELARA, for subcutaneous injection or intravenous infusion in adult and pediatric patients with plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, as well as adult patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Simultaneously, Biocon Biologics Ltd. is strengthening its position with positive Phase III results for YESINTEK, its biosimilar to ustekinumab, in adult patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis. The pivotal randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study demonstrated comparable efficacy and safety to the reference biologic, STELARA, and the findings are being presented at the 2025 American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) Annual Meeting in Orlando, Florida. With the approval of STEQEYMA and the promising clinical outcomes for YESINTEK, these biosimilars are poised to challenge STELARA by offering cost-effective alternatives in key immunology indications. As pricing pressures and healthcare sustainability concerns drive the demand for biosimilars, these developments mark a significant shift in the treatment landscape, providing greater accessibility and affordability for patients while increasing competition in the immunology market. To know more about psoriatic arthritis treatment options, visit @ New Treatment for Psoriatic Arthritis The psoriatic arthritis market is buzzing with numerous companies advancing treatments to cater to the growing patient base. Several therapies are expected to enter the market during the forecast period, providing new hope for patients. Some of these potential therapies include ACELYRIN Inc.'s Izokibep, Novartis Pharmaceuticals' Secukinumab, UCB Biopharma SRL's Bimekizumab, and Bristol-Myers Squibb's Deucravacitinib. Additionally, AbbVie's Upadacitinib and Risankizumab, as well as Eli Lilly and Company's Ixekizumab, are also part of the promising pipeline. Other noteworthy therapies include Sun Pharma's ILUMYA/ILUMETRI, Bristol-Myers Squibb's SOTYKTU, and Affibody's Izokibep in collaboration with Acelyrin and Inmagene. With these advancements, the psoriatic arthritis treatment landscape is set for a major shift, offering patients more tailored and effective options. The companies involved in developing biosimilars include Alvotech, Teva, Biocon Biologics, Celltrion, Fresenius Kabi, and others. Discover which therapies are expected to grab major psoriatic arthritis market share @ Psoriatic Arthritis Market Report ILUMYA/ILUMETRI by Sun Pharma is an interleukin-23 (IL-23) inhibitor classified as a humanized, anti-IL-23p19 monoclonal antibody. It works by blocking inflammatory proteins (cytokines and chemokines) in the body. By inhibiting the effects of IL-23, ILUMYA helps control the release of other inflammatory proteins, including IL-17 and TNF-α. This mechanism reduces inflammation, decreases the number of inflammatory cells in psoriatic lesions, helps prevent plaque formation, and resolves tissue damage. The drug is currently undergoing evaluation in Phase III clinical development, actively recruiting subjects with active psoriatic arthritis who have prior exposure to anti-TNF agents, as well as those who are anti-TNF naïve. SOTYKTU, developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb, is the first and only novel oral selective tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) inhibitor being studied across multiple immune-mediated diseases. Deucravacitinib binds to the regulatory domain of the TYK2 enzyme, inhibiting its activation. This selective inhibition reduces the release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, helping to control the inflammation associated with psoriatic arthritis and alleviating its signs and symptoms. Currently, the drug is being investigated for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis in a Phase III clinical trial. Izokibep, developed by Affibody in partnership with Acelyrin and Inmagene, is a unique antibody mimetic and a novel bispecific agent that potentially targets both subunits of the IL-17A homo-dimer and serum albumin. Affibody has entered into a partnership agreement with Acelyrin for the development and commercialization of izokibep and has completed a Phase II trial. As part of this agreement, Acelyrin obtained worldwide rights to izokibep, excluding selected Asian countries, where rights have been granted to Inmagene Biopharmaceuticals. In March 2024, Acelyrin announced the release of positive top-line results from the Phase IIb/III trial, indicating that izokibep was well-tolerated with a favorable safety profile. This drug is currently in Phase III clinical trial. Discover more about drugs for psoriatic arthritis in development @ Psoriatic Arthritis Clinical Trials The anticipated launch of these emerging therapies for psoriatic arthritis is poised to transform the market landscape in the coming years. As these cutting-edge treatments continue to mature and gain regulatory approval, they are expected to reshape the psoriatic arthritis market landscape, offering new standards of care and unlocking opportunities for medical innovation and economic growth. DelveInsight estimates that the psoriatic arthritis market size was USD 9 billion in 2021 and is expected to grow significantly in the coming years. This growth can be attributed to the introduction of upcoming therapies and the rising prevalence of the condition. The anticipated launch of these therapies is also expected to attract new entrants to the psoriatic arthritis market, resulting in increased competition and innovation. DelveInsight's latest published market report titled " Psoriatic Arthritis Market Insight, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast – 2034" will help you discover which market leader is set to capture the largest market share. The report provides comprehensive insights into country-specific treatment guidelines, patient pool analysis, and epidemiology forecasts to help understand key opportunities and assess the market's underlying potential. The psoriatic arthritis market report offers epidemiological analysis for the study period 2020–2034 in the 7MM, segmented into: Total Prevalent Cases of Psoriatic Arthritis Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Psoriatic Arthritis Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Psoriatic Arthritis Severity-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Psoriatic Arthritis The report provides an edge while developing business strategies by understanding trends shaping and driving the 7MM Psoriatic Arthritis market. Highlights include: 10-year Forecast 7MM Analysis Epidemiology-based Market Forecasting Historical and Forecasted Market Analysis upto 2034 Emerging Drug Market Uptake Peak Sales Analysis Key Cross Competition Analysis Industry Expert's Opinion Access and Reimbursement Download this psoriatic arthritis market report to assess the epidemiology forecasts, understand patient journeys, gain insights into KOLs' opinions about upcoming treatment paradigms, and identify the factors contributing to changes in the psoriatic arthritis market. Additionally, stay informed about the mitigating factors that can enhance your market position in the psoriatic arthritis therapeutic space. Related Reports Psoriatic Arthritis Pipeline Psoriatic Arthritis Pipeline Insight – 2025 report provides comprehensive insights about the pipeline landscape, pipeline drug profiles, including clinical and non-clinical stage products, and the key schizophrenia companies, including Affibody, Kymera, Selection Therapeutics GmbH, Jiangsu HengRui Medicine Co., Ltd., Nimbus Lakshmi, Inc., Hansoh BioMedical R&D Company, Bio-Thera Solutions, ACELYRIN Inc., among others. Psoriatic Arthritis Epidemiology Forecast Psoriatic Arthritis Epidemiology Forecast – 2034 report delivers an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted epidemiology, and Psoriatic Arthritis epidemiology trends. Ankylosing Spondylitis Market Ankylosing Spondylitis Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast – 2034 report delivers an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted epidemiology, as well as the market trends, market drivers, market barriers, and key Ankylosing Spondylitis companies, including UCB, AbbVie, Pfizer, Astella, Amgen, Janssen Biotech, Pozen, Novartis, Iroko Pharmaceuticals, Syntex Pharmaceuticals, Horizon Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, among others. Psoriasis Market Psoriasis Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast – 2034 report deliver an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted epidemiology, as well as the market trends, market drivers, market barriers, and key Psoriasis companies, including Amgen, Janssen, Abbvie, Novartis, AstraZeneca, Bausch Health, Eli Lilly, Sun Pharmaceutical, Janssen Biotech, UCB Inc., LEO Pharma, Promius Pharma, Mayne Pharma, Bausch Health Companies, MC2 Therapeutics, among others. About DelveInsight DelveInsight is a leading Business Consultant and Market Research firm focused exclusively on life sciences. It supports pharma companies by providing comprehensive end-to-end solutions to improve their performance. Get hassle-free access to all the healthcare and pharma market research reports through our subscription-based platform PharmDelve . Contact Us Shruti Thakur [email protected] +14699457679 Logo: SOURCE DelveInsight Business Research, LLP WANT YOUR COMPANY'S NEWS FEATURED ON PRNEWSWIRE.COM? 440k+ Newsrooms & Influencers 9k+ Digital Media Outlets 270k+ Journalists Opted In GET STARTED

Phase 3Drug ApprovalClinical ResultPhase 2

10 Mar 2025

·www.fiercepharma.com

Trial results enhance Bristol Myers' bid for Sotyktu in psoriatic arthritis

Two successful phase 3 trials have strengthened Bristol Myers Squibb’s bid for Sotyktu in psoriatic arthritis. The company revealed promising data from one of the trials at the American Academy of Dermatology's annual meeting in Orlando. Three months after Bristol Myers Squibb revealed the success of two phase 3 trials of its oral targeted therapy Sotyktu in psoriatic arthritis (PsA), the company has presented detailed data from one of the studies.In the POETYK PsA-2 trial, a significantly greater proportion of those on Sotyktu experienced at least a 20% improvement in their disease than those on placebo. At Week 16, 54% of those on Sotuktu reached the ACR20 response standard compared to 39% on placebo.Additionally, there were no new safety signals as the profile with Sotyktu through week 16 was consistent with previous studies for the tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) inhibitor, including a phase 2 trial in PsA and a phase 3 study in plaque psoriasis, which set up Sotyktu for its 2022 approval in the indication. The drug also succeeded on secondary endpoints, with significantly more Sotyktu patients compared to placebo achieving a 75% reduction in symptoms as measured by the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). Those on Sotyktu also experienced better outcomes in the patient-reported Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) measure compared with those on placebo, BMS reported.“Given the complex, multifaceted and heterogenous nature of psoriatic arthritis, there continues to be a significant need for safe and effective oral treatments,” Philip Mease, M.D., a clinical professor at the University of Washington, said in a March 8 press release. “These results are particularly encouraging because they support the potential for Sotyktu to impact both joint and skin symptoms, as well as patient-reported quality of life outcomes.”The data were presented Saturday at the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) Annual Meeting in Orlando.POETYK PsA-2 enrolled 730 patients who had not used a biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (bDMARD) or who had previously used a TNF blocker such as AbbVie's Humira. The study also included an arm who received Amgen’s oral PDE4 inhibitor Otezla for a safety reference with no efficacy comparison.BMS said it will present additional data from the POETYK trial program later this year. The company also recently touted the success of the POETYK PsA-1 study in 670 patients who were bDMARD-naive.The drugmaker did not offer a timeline of when it might file for regulatory approval to treat PsA.While there are a multitude of products on the market to treat PsA, in recent years oral therapies have gained the most focus, starting with Otezla, which was brought to the market by Celgene in 2014 before that company sold to BMS for $74 billion in 2019. To clear competition hurdles surrounding the merger, Celgene sold the Otezla franchise to Amgen for $13.4 billion. The plaque psoriasis approval of Sotyktu—which came with BMS estimating its peak sales potential in multiple indications at $4 billion—was based on it outperforming Otezla in skin clearance and safety measures in a head-to-head trial.So far, the uptake of Sotyktu hasn’t quite matched up to the lofty projection, with sales increasing 45% to $246 million in 2024. Meanwhile, Otezla generated $2.1 billion last year, a 3% drop from 2023.Another potential candidate from the same TYK2 class is Takeda’s TAK-279, which the company gained in a $4 billion acquisition of Nimbus Lakshmi.While it’s difficult to make assumptions from cross-trial comparisons, Takeda’s phase 2b study of TAK-279 in PsA showed a marked difference in efficacy when compared to placebo. TAK-279 produced ARC20 response rates of 53% (15 mg) and 54% (30 mg) at Week 12 versus 29% for placebo. Johnson & Johnson also has an oral peptide candidate making noise in JNJ-2113, an IL-23 antagonist. In fact, at the same AAD meeting this weekend, J&J and its partner Protagonist Therapeutics touted topline results for head-to-head trials of the investigational drug against Sotyktu in plaque psoriasis. In a note to clients, Leerink Partners analysts said the outcome "was fully expected based upon historical trial results."J&J's drug, also known as icotrokinra, also met the mark in a separate study in ulcerative colitis.For its part, BMS is also investigating Sotyktu as a treatment for other autoimmune diseases including discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren’s syndrome. BMS has advanced its DLE study to phase 2, while the others are in phase 3.

Clinical ResultPhase 3AcquisitionPhase 2Drug Approval

100 Deals associated with Apremilast

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KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D08860	Apremilast	L04AA32	DB05676

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Behcet Syndrome	United States	Amgen, Inc.	19 Jul 2019
Oral Ulcer	Australia	Amgen Australia Pty Ltd.	19 Mar 2015
Plaque psoriasis	European Union	Amgen Europe BV	15 Jan 2015
Plaque psoriasis	Iceland	Amgen Europe BV	15 Jan 2015
Plaque psoriasis	Liechtenstein	Amgen Europe BV	15 Jan 2015
Plaque psoriasis	Norway	Amgen Europe BV	15 Jan 2015
Psoriasis	United States	Celgene Corp.	23 Sep 2014
Arthritis, Psoriatic	United States	Amgen, Inc.	21 Mar 2014

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Autoimmune Diseases	NDA/BLA	China	3SBio, Inc.	30 Jan 2022
Pustular psoriasis	Phase 3	Japan	Amgen, Inc.	08 Mar 2022
Pustulosis of Palms and Soles	Phase 3	Japan	Amgen, Inc.	08 Mar 2022
Genital Diseases	Phase 3	United States	Amgen, Inc.	30 Jan 2022
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis	Phase 3	United States	Amgen, Inc.	30 Jan 2022
COVID-19	Phase 3	United States	Amgen, Inc.	24 Nov 2020
COVID-19	Phase 3	Argentina	Amgen, Inc.	24 Nov 2020
COVID-19	Phase 3	Brazil	Amgen, Inc.	24 Nov 2020
COVID-19	Phase 3	Chile	Amgen, Inc.	24 Nov 2020
COVID-19	Phase 3	Mexico	Amgen, Inc.	24 Nov 2020

Clinical Result

Indication

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Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT03747939 (FOREMOST, Pubmed \| Ann Rheum Dis) Manual	Phase 4	Arthritis, Psoriatic	308	Apremilast 30 mg	anufthqoqk(kcqhxqumsc) = ejmkhitidm ojpnhlvphc (pqlnzwnybt ) View more	Positive	20 Aug 2024
				Placebo	anufthqoqk(kcqhxqumsc) = flzbqlxncx ojpnhlvphc (pqlnzwnybt ) View more
NCT03747939 (FOREMOST, EULAR2024)	Phase 4	Arthritis, Psoriatic	308	Apremilast	amazvxxqsk(okoocjykqt) = ilcchmxaww vjfbwxjwdx (lqhxkhozjh )	Positive	05 Jun 2024
				Placebo	amazvxxqsk(okoocjykqt) = hodaazxnwn vjfbwxjwdx (lqhxkhozjh )
EULAR2024	Not Applicable	Arthritis, Psoriatic	-	Apremilast 30mg BID	vywihmahyl(jejofkolwz) = emjebbeaih kwwfskkbqp (yqgatzsdvl ) View more	Positive	05 Jun 2024
NCT03747939 (FOREMOST, EULAR2024)	Phase 4	Arthritis, Psoriatic	308	Apremilast 30 mg twice daily	iwuemmcuth(pyanygoxis) = mpoipxrinc vvosqhucbe (ltlfmgwuhd ) View more	Positive	05 Jun 2024
				Placebo	iwuemmcuth(pyanygoxis) = aqugqbxnlx vvosqhucbe (ltlfmgwuhd ) View more
NCT04908475 (IMMpulse, CTgov)	Phase 4	Plaque psoriasis	352	Apremilast (Period A: APR)	tzzacrqezb = clslcqnkvc qmevtsoskq (jjawcmlfqk, hsusnyzkig - tiqcpnubyg) View more	-	30 Apr 2024
				Risankizumab (Period A: RZB)	tzzacrqezb = wvjtxgpnlq qmevtsoskq (jjawcmlfqk, vosguotkkp - pabcjpaxcn) View more
NCT04306965 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Moderate Atopic Dermatitis \| Severe Atopic Dermatitis	10	Apremilast	vmraxxxubl = nwfvjomyjk iulvozhrkc (xeagpaamhm, lpqwrzqojj - fnrjwbnemn) View more	-	19 Apr 2024
NCT03587194 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Plaque psoriasis	50	Otezla	vqghwxjyhl = jiwcwhowxn xyktzuknde (xecbvzrzgm, uepdsorzom - tcbuhlqhbn) View more	-	16 Apr 2024
NCT03608657 (APPRAISE, Pubmed \| Rheumatol Ther)	Not Applicable	Arthritis, Psoriatic	102	Apremilast	dtirfburhz(niztqfdljn) = 9/102 [8.8%] viyzidyavn (hvmxyhpjxn ) View more	Positive	01 Apr 2024
NCT03701763 (PRNewswire) Manual	Phase 3	Psoriasis	176	APREMILAST	mlfovsxvex(jflfbjhfzc) = wxylxzxcdb kyzatyfltr (vozryltsvd ) Met	Positive	09 Mar 2024
				placebo	mlfovsxvex(jflfbjhfzc) = gqbeynibhi kyzatyfltr (vozryltsvd ) Met
NCT03747939 (FOREMOST, CTgov)	Phase 4	Arthritis, Psoriatic	310	placebo (Placebo-controlled Phase: Placebo)	baiaphlpdn = buvzwsmhfo npkafpceis (krdzgqyfci, jczwwftsbr - ctrpbicsrx) View more	-	05 Jan 2024
				Apremilast (Placebo-controlled Phase: Apremilast 30 mg)	baiaphlpdn = avgcgomhqx npkafpceis (krdzgqyfci, awegqaufgn - nbeixhgscg) View more

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