Delving into the Latest Updates on Oxiglutatione with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

GSSG, Glutathione disulphide, Oxidized glutathione

+ [6]

Target-

Mechanism-

Therapeutic Areas

Digestive System DisordersOther Diseases

Active Indication

HypoxiaLiver DiseasesPoisoning+ [1]

Inactive Indication-

Originator Organization

Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Active Organization

Chongqing Yao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.Alcon Laboratories, Inc.

Inactive Organization-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

JP (04 Oct 1991),

Ophthalmologic surgical procedures

Regulation-

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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC20H32N6O12S2

InChIKeyYPZRWBKMTBYPTK-BJDJZHNGSA-N

CAS Registry27025-41-8

AbstractObjectiveBoth exposure to occupational chemicals and to unusual working hours have well documented effects on health. Determination of occupational exposure limits is, however, usually based on chemical-only exposure and assumes an 8-h workday, 5 days/week and a 40-h work week. A significant proportion of the workforce is exposed to chemicals while working in other work schedules. This review thus aimed to synthesize and evaluate the scientific support for a combined effect of unusual working hours and chemical exposure and, if possible, give recommendations for OEL adjustments to account for unusual working hours.MethodsThe search for articles was made as part of the preparation of a report for the Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals. In this report, unusual working hours were categorized as shift work or extended (>8 h) working hours. Inclusion criteria were observational studies in the English language published up to November 2021 in peer-reviewed journals, with explicit metrics of exposure (chemicals and unusual working hours) and of health outcome, and which explicitly tested the association between exposure and outcome. Search engines of seven databases were used.ResultsOf the initially 15 400 identified papers, 9 studies published between 1985 and 2021 met the inclusion criteria, 7 of which showed significant associations. Results from a few of the studies, i.e. regarding effects of dust and endotoxin on lung function, effects of acetone on sleep quality and tiredness, effects of carbon disulphide on coronary artery disease and effects of chemicals on spontaneous abortion, suggested more pronounced effects during night shifts compared to during day shifts.DiscussionThe reviewed data is considered insufficient to conclude on recommendations for OEL adjustment for shift work. Suggested areas of future studies are mentioned.ConclusionFurther studies about the effects of the combined exposure to unusual working hours and chemical exposure are essential for risk assessment, and for recommendation of potential OEL adjustments. What is important about this paper? Effects of chemical agents at the workplace may depend not only on exposure level and duration but also on the time of exposure in relation to the circadian rhythm. This study reviewed the scientific support for a combined effect of unusual working hours and chemical exposure and revealed an obvious need for additional studies regarding the complex interplay of the two different exposures with respect to adverse health effects.

01 May 2024·International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Study on synergistic mechanism of molybdenum disulfide/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose composite nanofiber mats for photothermal/photodynamic antibacterial treatment

Article

Author: Xu, Bingjie ; Liu, Lei ; Yang, Yang ; Sun, Hengqiu ; Xu, Chenlu ; Qi, Dongming ; Yu, Dan ; Wu, Jindan ; Gao, Yujie

Innovative antibacterial therapies using nanomaterials, such as photothermal (PTT) and photodynamic (PDT) treatments, have been developed for treating wound infections. However, creating secure wound dressings with these therapies faces challenges. The primary focus of this study is to prepare an antibacterial nanofiber dressing that effectively incorporates stable loads of functional nanoparticles and demonstrates an efficient synergistic effect between PTT and PDT. Herein, a composite nanofiber mat was fabricated, integrating spherical molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) nanoparticles. MoS₂ was deposited onto polylactic acid (PLA) nanofiber mats using vacuum filtration, which was further stabilized by sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) adhesion and glutaraldehyde (GA) cross-linking. The composite nanofibers demonstrated synergistic antibacterial effects under NIR light irradiation, and the underlying mechanism was explored. They induce bacterial membrane permeability, protein leakage, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation, ultimately leading to >95 % antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), which is higher than that of single thermotherapy (almost no antibacterial activity) or ROS therapy (about 80 %). In addition, the composite nanofiber mats exhibited promotion effects on infected wound healing in vivo. This study demonstrates the great prospects of composite nanofiber dressings in clinical treatment of bacterial-infected wounds.

02 Jan 2024·Drug and Chemical Toxicology

Study on the acute toxicity of sodium taurocholate via zebrafish mortality, behavioral response, and NMR-metabolomics analysis

Article

Author: Ismail, Intan Safinar ; Abdulazeez, Isah ; Christianus, Annie ; Chong, Seok-Giok ; Mohd Faudzi, Siti Munirah

Sodium taurocholate (NaT) is a hydrophobic bile salt that exhibits varying toxicity and antimicrobial activity. The accumulation of BSs during their entero-hepatic cycle causes cytotoxicity in the liver and intestine and could also alter the intestinal microbiome leading to various diseases. In this research, the acute toxicity of sodium taurocholate in different concentrations (3000 mg/L, 1500 mg/L, 750 mg/L, 375 mg/L, and 0 mg/L) was investigated on four months old zebrafish by immersion in water for 96 h. The results were determined based on the fish mortality, behavioral response, and NMR metabolomics analysis which revealed LC50 of 1760.32 mg/L and 1050.42 mg/L after 72 and 96 h treatment, respectively. However, the non-lethal NaT concentrations of 750 mg/L and 375 mg/L at 96 h exposure significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased the total distance traveled and the activity duration, also caused surface respiration on the zebrafish. Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) revealed that the metabolome of the fish treated with 750 mg/L was discriminated from that of the control by PC1. Major significantly downregulated metabolites by NaT-induction include valine, isoleucine, 2-hydroxyvalerate, glycine, glycerol, choline, glucose, pyruvate, anserine, threonine, carnitine and homoserine. On the contrary, taurine, creatine, lactate, acetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate were upregulated suggesting cellular consumption of lipids, glucose and amino acids for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation during immune and inflammatory response. whereby these metabolites were released in the process. In conclusion, the research revealed the toxic effect of NaT and its potential to trigger changes in zebrafish metabolism.

100 Deals associated with Oxiglutatione

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External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00031	Oxiglutatione	V03AB	DB03310

R&D Status

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Hypoxia	CN	Chongqing Yao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	01 Jan 1999
Liver Diseases	CN	Chongqing Yao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	01 Jan 1999
Poisoning	CN	Chongqing Yao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	01 Jan 1999
Ophthalmologic surgical procedures	JP	Alcon Laboratories, Inc.	04 Oct 1991

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Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


ARVO2023	Not Applicable	-	-	Glutathione oxidized	kkmxperffi(gfozavfwes) = hkwqvyzefs ftjpcbeqim (smhcbqruqk )	-	01 Jun 2023
				Raddeanin A	kkmxperffi(gfozavfwes) = xgtmyurfoh ftjpcbeqim (smhcbqruqk )
ARVO2006	Not Applicable	-	-	Ascorbic Acid (BSS Plus)	vtbcsxjgxj(lsebjszujx) = pbwysmmbsq epzbnjvcce (tapmpwqujm )	-	01 May 2006
				BSS Plus and ascorbic acid solution	vtbcsxjgxj(lsebjszujx) = jdnawccwht epzbnjvcce (tapmpwqujm )