Delving into the Latest Updates on Carbidopa/Levodopa with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

AP-CD/LD, AP-CDLD, Carbidopa and Levodopa

+ [69]

Target

DDC x DRDs

Action

inhibitors, antagonists

Mechanism

DDC inhibitors(DOPA decarboxylase inhibitors), DRDs antagonists(Dopamine receptors antagonists)

Therapeutic Areas

Nervous System DiseasesEndocrinology and Metabolic DiseaseOther Diseases

Active Indication

Parkinsonian DisordersParkinson DiseaseParkinson Disease, Postencephalitic+ [5]

Inactive Indication

ComplicationNeuroleptic Malignant SyndromePsychomotor Agitation

Originator Organization

Merck & Co., Inc.

Active Organization

NeuroDerm Ltd.Bdd Pharma Ltd

AbbVie, Inc.

+ [23]

Inactive Organization

Amneal Pharma Europe Ltd.

Hong Kong WD Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Orion Oyj

+ [1]

License Organization

Amneal Intermediate, Inc.

Navamedic ASA

Contera Pharma ApS

+ [5]

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

United States (02 May 1975),

Parkinson Disease, PostencephaliticParkinson Disease, SecondaryParkinson Disease

RegulationFast Track (United States), Orphan Drug (United States)

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease clinically characterized by bradykinesia, hypokinesia, rigidity, resting tremor, and postural instability. These motor manifestations are attributed to the degeneration and selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), leading to a dopamine (DA) deficiency in the striatum. Neuroinflammation is considered one of the most important factors contributing critically to pathophysiology of PD . Recently, high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein has been encoded as a potential inflammatory biomarker in PD

Start Date20 Nov 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Tanta University

NCT07229664

/ RecruitingPhase 2/3IIT

Clinical Study to Evaluate Safety and Effectiveness of Vinpocetine in Patients With Parkinsonian Disease

The clinical manifestations of Parkinson's disease (PD), a chronic neurodegenerative condition, include resting tremor, hypokinesia, bradykinesia, stiffness and postural instability. These motor symptoms are caused by a selective loss and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) region, which leads to a dopamine (DA) insufficiency in the striatum

Start Date10 Nov 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Tanta University

NCT07229651

/ RecruitingPhase 2/3IIT

Safety and Efficacy of Metformin in Patients With Parkinson Disaese

The clinical manifestations of Parkinson's disease (PD), a chronic neurodegenerative condition, include resting tremor, hypokinesia, bradykinesia, stiffness and postural instability. These motor symptoms are caused by a selective loss and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) region, which leads to a dopamine (DA) insufficiency in the striatum

Start Date10 Nov 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Tanta University

100 Clinical Results associated with Carbidopa/Levodopa

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100 Translational Medicine associated with Carbidopa/Levodopa

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100 Patents (Medical) associated with Carbidopa/Levodopa

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736

Literatures (Medical) associated with Carbidopa/Levodopa

01 Mar 2026·PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS

Comparative pharmacokinetics of levodopa–carbidopa intestinal gel infusion and foslevodopa–foscarbidopa continuous subcutaneous infusion therapies in advanced Parkinson's disease

Article

Author: Oda, Shinji ; Hama, Yuka ; Takahashi, Yuji ; Inagawa, Shoya ; Namatame, Shuho ; Mukai, Yohei ; Okumura, Motohiro ; Takizawa, Hotake ; Shinmi, Jun ; Yamakawa, Toru ; Takei, Junko ; Nomoto, Juri ; Ishihara, Tasuku ; Furukawa, Fumiko

INTRODUCTION:

Levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel therapy (LCIG) and foslevodopa-foscarbidopa continuous subcutaneous infusion therapy (FOCS) are device-aided therapies for advanced Parkinson's disease. Comparative real-world pharmacokinetic (PK) data remain limited. This study aimed to compare overall plasma levodopa exposure between LCIG and FOCS.

METHODS:

Patients who initiated LCIG or FOCS, completed dose optimization, and underwent a standardized levodopa challenge were evaluated. Plasma levodopa concentrations and motor states were assessed repeatedly over 420 min. Overall concentrations were compared using a linear mixed-effects model. Steady-state concentration (SSConc; 300-420 min) and its relationship with body-surface-area-adjusted infusion rate were examined. Time to On and the plasma concentration at On transition (On-Conc) were analyzed.

RESULTS:

Mean plasma levodopa concentrations tended to be higher with FOCS, although the group effect was not significant (geometric mean ratio: 1.38; p = 0.060). SSConc was higher with FOCS (12.85 ± 2.78 vs. 9.23 ± 1.61 nmol/mL). Both therapies showed linear SSConc-dose relationships, with a steeper slope for FOCS. LCIG produced a faster transition to the On state (median 45 vs. 150 min), whereas On-Conc was similar between groups (approximately 10 nmol/mL). In the FOCS group, baseline Off occurred only when nighttime infusion rates were ≤74 % of daytime rates.

CONCLUSION:

LCIG and FOCS show distinct PK profiles despite similar overall concentrations. LCIG provides a rapid rise in levodopa levels and earlier On onset, whereas FOCS yields higher SSConc values and greater dose-concentration efficiency, informing titration approaches, nighttime infusion settings, and individualized selection of continuous infusion-based dopaminergic therapy.

01 Feb 2026·JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION

Real-world experience with continuous subcutaneous foslevodopa/foscarbidopa infusion: insights and recommendations

Article

Author: Urban, Peter Paul ; Dresel, Christian ; Kassubek, Jan ; Müller, Rahel ; Koeglsperger, Thomas ; Paus, Sebastian ; Berberovic, Emir ; Oehlwein, Christian ; Haferkamp, Sebastian

Abstract:

Traditional advanced therapies in Parkinson’s disease (PD) with motor fluctuations and dyskinesias like continuous apomorphine infusion (CSAI), levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG), levodopa-carbidopa entacapone intestinal gel (LECIG), or deep brain stimulation (DBS) have played a central role in managing therapy-related complications. Recently, continuous subcutaneous foslevodopa/foscarbidopa infusion (CSFLI) has emerged as a novel therapeutic option. This manuscript provides insights from one year of real-world experience with CSFLI, addressing critical questions that clinicians face when selecting the most appropriate therapy for advanced PD. Our discussion centers on key considerations for patient selection, exploring which individuals may benefit more from CSFLI compared to other device-aided therapies. We highlight CSFLI’s advantages in flexibility and ease of use but also consider limitations, particularly its side effects, such as skin-related issues. Recommendations are presented on how to prevent and manage these adverse effects to maximize patient compliance and therapeutic success. Additionally, the paper examines strategies for optimizing concurrent oral medications when combined with CSFLI, providing guidance on balancing pump infusion with necessary adjunctive oral treatments.

01 Feb 2026·NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES

Sustained efficacy and safety of levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel in advanced Parkinson’s disease: a 10-year observational study

Article

Author: Uçar, Merve Bikem ; Çelik, Fatma Nazlı Durmaz ; Özden, Hatice Ömercikoğlu ; Günal, Dilek ; Şimşek, Dilcem

166

News (Medical) associated with Carbidopa/Levodopa

04 Feb 2026

·www.fiercepharma.com

AbbVie, hitting record sales on Skyrizi gains, holds its own in growing IBD arena despite J&J competition

The Illinois-based drugmaker pulled $61.1 billion in 2025 sales. Billions of dollars in U.S. biosimilar erosion to AbbVie’s blockbuster immunology drug Humira is no match for its rising superstar Skyrizi. Despite the fall of what was once the world’s top-selling drug, one thing is certain: AbbVie’s immunology portfolio is still on top.In the two years since Humira first faced biosimilar competition, AbbVie’s newer Skyrizi and Rinvoq have more than picked up the slack. In 2025, the duo propelled the company to a record-breaking $61.1 billion in total sales, an 8.6% increase over 2024 that eclipsed the company’s previous peak revenue of $58 billion in 2022. The new landmark was reached despite nearly $16 billion of U.S. Humira erosion that has set in since then, CEO Robert Michael said on AbbVie’s fourth-quarter and full-year earnings conference call. Together, Skyrizi, Rinvoq and Humira made up $30.4 billion of those sales, representing 14% year-over-year growth. Although Humira sales dissipated to $4.5 billion over the year, Skyrizi pulled far ahead to $17.5 billion, while Rinvoq is chugging along with $8.3 billion in yearly sales.The trio helped the company surpass its initial 2025 guidance by more than $2 billion, Michael pointed out. IBD competitive dynamicsOne of the biggest growth drivers of sales for both Skyrizi and Rinvoq is the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) market, an umbrella term that constitutes both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Skyrizi specifically holds an in-play capture rate of 75% among IL-23 drugs in the frontline IBD setting, chief commercial officer Jeffrey Stewart said, touting a “strong and consistent” share performance even as the IL-23 drug class “grows rapidly.”One such IL-23 that makes formidable competition for the immunology duo across the same indications is Johnson & Johnson’s Tremfya. The drug, which J&J positioned to take on sales from older Stelara à la AbbVie’s Humira strategy, rounded out its IBD uses with a Crohn’s disease nod early last year, solidifying its competitive label in the IBD market.But despite the competitive entrant, Stewart maintained that Skyrizi’s dominance over new patient starts in the frontline setting suggests that Tremfaya is more so capturing second-line shares, he explained.“Our compete level is extremely high, and we're very, very comfortable with the momentum that we're going to continue to see with Skyrizi,” the executive said.For its part, Tremfya locked down $5.2 billion in 2025 sales for J&J, reflecting a rapid 40% growth from 2024. Brushing off the competition from other IBD contenders, Michael maintained that Skyrizi isn’t playing in a “zero-sum game” despite the crowded market. The CEO pointed to Skyrizi’s ongoing head-to-head ulcerative colitis trial with Takeda’s monoclonal antibody Entyvio as a “significant opportunity to continue the momentum” of the fast-growing drug, while Stewart noted that Skyrizi’s dosing convenience is “often favored” above other similar treatment options.The company also put particular emphasis on Rinvoq in IBD as well, as Stewart highlighted that the med has demonstrated “some of the strongest response rates to date in IBD.” Together, the Skyrizi-Rinvoq duo make for “a great pair,” with Skyrizi tackling the frontline area and Rinvoq having “more opportunity than ever before” in second-line treatment, Stewart said.In psoriasis, meanwhile, the company is confident that its portfolio has “clear leadership,” Stewart said, citing Skyrizi’s 45% of total prescription share within the U.S. biologic market for the disease in the fourth quarter.Although Rinvoq’s sales are far behind Skyrizi’s, the drug could have a new market opportunity of its own in non-segmental vitiligo, a chronic, progressive autoimmune disease that causes unpredictable skin depigmentation. The company recently filed regulatory bids with the FDA and the European Medicines Agency (EMA), positioning Rinvoq as potentially the first systemic treatment for the disease, AbbVie said.Elsewhere, the company made sure to highlight its Parkinson’s disease treatment, Vyalev, and its broader neuroscience portfolio. The therapy was approved in 2024 and collected sales of $482 million in 2025, but AbbVie is forecasting a “substantial sales ramp” that will result in blockbuster status this year. Given Vyalev’s “outstanding launch,” Stewart said that the company's Parkinson's disease portfolio “remains underappreciated.” Michael concurred, citing a “profound opportunity to lead in neuroscience for the long term,” which is “clearly not reflected in Street models.”The company expects total sales growth of 9.5% to $67 billion in 2026, chief financial officer Scott Reents said on the call, with Skyrizi and Rinvoq leading the charge along with Vyalev. Given the expected gains within the company’s “diverse portfolio,” AbbVie is charging high single-digit revenue growth through 2029, Michael added. Skyrizi and Rinvoq, once expected to capture $31 billion in 2027, are now on track to pick up $34.5 billion in 2026, Reents said.AbbVie is “disappointed” that its Botox franchise made the latest list of drugs that will face price cuts under the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), given that the plasma-derived product “should have been excluded,” Michael said. However, the CEO noted that the selection does not impact the company’s long-term growth guidance.

Drug Approval

04 Feb 2026

·firstwordpharma.com

AbbVie touts 'record' sales amid uneven quarter for immunology stars

AbbVie beat sales forecasts by about $200 million in the fourth quarter as the company's fading blockbuster Humira outperformed expectations, while successor immunology drugs Rinvoq and Skyrizi posted uneven results. "We delivered record net sales and exceeded our financial commitments," stated CEO Rob Michael during the company's earnings call.The drugmaker reported quarterly revenue of $16.6 billion, up 10% year-over-year, topping analyst estimates of $16.4 billion. Sales for the full year reached $61.2 billion, a gain of 8.6%. Despite the beat, Leerink Partners analyst David Risinger suggested Humira was "contributing the vast majority of revenue upside," which may have worried investors and could explain why AbbVie shares were down roughly 4% on Wednesday.Quarterly sales in immunology, the company's biggest segment, were up 17.7% at $8.6 billion. Skyrizi climbed 32.5% to $5 billion, surpassing expectations of $4.9 billion, while Rinvoq rose 29.5% to $2.37 billion, but fell slightly short of forecasts.On the other hand, Humira — whose sales have been steadily declining since the introduction of biosimilar competition three years ago — brought in $1.2 billion, compared to the $1 billion analysts were expecting, though the drug's quarterly sales were still nearly 26% lower year-over-year.Still, Skyrizi and Rinvoq together delivered around $25.9 billion in combined sales for 2025, which is more than $8 billion year-over-year, "well exceeding our initial guidance expectations," said Chief Commercial Officer Jeff Stewart.He touted Skyrizi's continued growth trajectory specifically, noting the drug's total prescription share in the US biologics psoriasis market is now over 45% and accelerated in the fourth quarter. "Our in-play capture rates of new and switching patients has exceeded 55% across all lines of therapy, four times higher than the next closest competitor," he added.Meanwhile, the neuroscience segment also posted strong results, with revenue rising 17.9% to $3 billion. Antipsychotic Vraylar generated $1 billion in sales, up 10.5%, while therapeutic Botox grew 13.4% to $990 million. Double-digit gains were also posted by migraine therapies Ubrelvy ($339 million, +12%) and Qulipta ($288 million, +42.6%).Parkinson's treatment Vyalev, approved in late 2024, contributed $183 million in quarterly revenue, and $482 million for all of last year, but the company believes the therapy — a 24-hour continuous subcutaneous infusion of carbidopa and levodopa prodrugs — will hit blockbuster status in 2026. "The uptake is exceptionally strong across international markets, and we expect sales to ramp in the US, where [it] recently received full coverage," Stewart said.Revenues from the oncology portfolio were $1.7 billion in the quarter, a decrease of 1.5%, with Imbruvica down 20.8% to $671 million.Looking ahead, AbbVie forecasts approximately $67 billion in revenue for 2026, representing growth of about 9.5%, with adjusted earnings between $14.37 and $14.57 per share. Skyrizi and Rinvoq are expected to make up about $21.5 billion and $10.1 billion of that total, respectively.

Financial StatementDrug ApprovalClinical ResultBiosimilar

04 Feb 2026

·www.biospace.com

AbbVie’s I&I Portfolio Sells $30 Billion but Execs Again Underline Other Areas

iStock, hapabapa On its fourth quarter earnings call Wednesday, AbbVie CEO Robert Michael called oncology and neuroscience “underappreciated” areas of focus for the pharma. AbbVie’s immunology blockbusters Skyrizi and Rinvoq continue to steal the spotlight despite the pharma’s efforts to direct it toward their oncology and neuroscience portfolios and pipelines. Of the company’s $61.1 billion in sales for 2025, the immunology portfolio accounted for nearly half of that total, with Skyrizi bringing in $17.5 billion, Rinvoq $8.3 billion and declining giant Humira topping it off with another $4.5 billion. Despite those large numbers—up 18.3% across the entire immunology portfolio—AbbVie executives repeatedly emphasized other therapeutic areas already generating revenue. “Beyond immunology, when you look at AbbVie, I think what’s underappreciated is both neuroscience and oncology,” CEO Robert Michael said on the company’s fourth-quarter and full-year earnings call Wednesday morning , repeating similar assertions made by AbbVie last month at the J.P. Morgan Healthcare conference. He specifically highlighted Parkinson’s drug Vyalev, approved in late 2024. The therapy saw a 33% bump in sales in the fourth quarter, bringing in $183 million and $482 million total for the full year, Michael noted. “We are very excited for our emerging portfolio in Parkinson’s disease, which we believe remains underappreciated,” he said Cancer JPM26: AbbVie Seeks Respect for Oncology Pipeline Following RemeGen Buy Primarily known as an immunology and neuroscience company, AbbVie wanted to put the biopharma world on notice during its J.P. Morgan presentation: its oncology portfolio is underappreciated. This week, the Illinois-based company dove into the sizzling PD-1/VEGF space with a licensing deal with China-based RemeGen. January 14, 2026 · 2 min read · Heather McKenzie READ MORE AbbVie also stated its interest in diversifying its portfolio through the ever-burgeoning obesity space. The company has Phase I studies ongoing for ABBV295, an amylin analog acquired in a deal last year with Gubra , reading out later this year, and execs on the call said AbbVie would go back to the business development well for more obesity assets. “We’re clearly taking a close look at what’s available out there, and if we see something that we feel is differentiated, we’ll pursue it,” Michael said. “We certainly have financial wherewithal strategically for the company.” Despite the emphasis on these other areas, however, discussion on the call mainly centered on AbbVie’s two stalwart immunology drugs, set up to replace the declining behemoth Humira. The combination of Skyrizi and Rinvoq, which are approved to treat immunology indications including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, have exceeded Humira’s peak sales, which is “remarkable,” Michael said, given that the drugs have been on the market for eight years. Executives batted away questions of the combo’s dominance with potential encroachment from other pharma giants like Johnson & Johnson’s Tremfya, which has a similar IL-23-based mechanism of action and has been garnering I&I approvals of its own, including in Crohn’s disease in 2025. “Our compete level is extremely high,” in the immunology space, despite Tremfya’s increasing entry into the market, Chief Commercial Officer Jeffrey Stewart said, “and we’re very, very comfortable with the momentum that we’re going to continue to see with Skyrizi.”

License out/inPhase 1Drug ApprovalImmunotherapy

100 Deals associated with Carbidopa/Levodopa

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External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
-	Carbidopa/Levodopa	N04BA02	-

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Parkinsonian Disorders	Japan	Tatsumi Kagaku Co., Ltd.	14 May 1993
Parkinson Disease	United States	Organon & Co.	02 May 1975
Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic	United States	Organon & Co.	02 May 1975
Parkinson Disease, Secondary	United States	Organon & Co.	02 May 1975

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Dyskinesias	Phase 3	United States	AbbVie, Inc.	09 Feb 2017
Dyskinesias	Phase 3	Finland	AbbVie, Inc.	09 Feb 2017
Dyskinesias	Phase 3	Greece	AbbVie, Inc.	09 Feb 2017
Dyskinesias	Phase 3	Hungary	AbbVie, Inc.	09 Feb 2017
Dyskinesias	Phase 3	Italy	AbbVie, Inc.	09 Feb 2017
Dyskinesias	Phase 3	Slovakia	AbbVie, Inc.	09 Feb 2017
Dyskinesias	Phase 3	Spain	AbbVie, Inc.	09 Feb 2017
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome	Phase 3	United States	AbbVie, Inc.	26 Oct 2015
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome	Phase 3	Australia	AbbVie, Inc.	26 Oct 2015
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome	Phase 3	Canada	AbbVie, Inc.	26 Oct 2015

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Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT06765668 (ELEVATE-PD, GlobeNewswire) Manual	Phase 4	Parkinson Disease	55	CREXONT (carbidopa and levodopa) (switched from IR CD/LD)	edokxohcgv(qxarblpqdy) = rgnchpvowb uidiarmvgp (uzjnofqdgw ) View more	Positive	05 Dec 2025
				CREXONT (carbidopa and levodopa) (switched from IR CD/LD + COMT Inhibitor)	edokxohcgv(qxarblpqdy) = rlklhfptlp uidiarmvgp (uzjnofqdgw ) View more
NCT04006210 (BouNDless, MDS2025)	Phase 3	Parkinson Disease	279	ND0612	malrfifriz(envbkklisa) = shjrvcciqa pxhlxyngyb (fjquowqaur ) View more	Positive	05 Oct 2025
				levodopa+carbidopa	malrfifriz(envbkklisa) = iaxnlnprid pxhlxyngyb (fjquowqaur ) View more
NCT03022318 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Wet age-related macular degeneration	20	Carbidopa+Levodopa (Carbidopa/Levodopa Once Daily)	zkrsadmvha(ucskvlncqx) = fplgvaxbem jlemqerulh (vmhkssaswf, 1.9) View more	-	12 Sep 2025
				Carbidopa+Levodopa (Carbidopa/Levodopa Three Times Daily)	zkrsadmvha(ucskvlncqx) = tjhpxrjyrc jlemqerulh (vmhkssaswf, 1.6) View more
NCT04821830 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Parkinson Disease	19	carbidopa/levodopa, as prescribed by treating physician (Experiment 1: Primary Outcomes (MDS-UPDRS, Joystick Task, Tapping Speed))	xayqbjsinm(hrwyslegsq) = imglnooqqg qrhpdtzxss (mvphiwlber, 23.12) View more	-	18 Jul 2025
				carbidopa/levodopa, as prescribed by treating physician (Experiment 2: Primary Outcome (Value Driven Attentional Oculomotor Capture))	uhjlmowojd(yjvlcebfmj) = nwjrwncnne rpwtvrqtlc (sxfawltkbl, 0.09) View more
NCT06219915 (RES, CTgov)	Phase 1/2	Parkinsonian Disorders	13	Carbidopa 25 mg+Carbidopa-Levodopa 25/100 mg (Carbidopa Monotherapy and Carbidopa-Levodopa)	vhuirjakme(npwdscwauh) = sflajhnjkx hrbhtiqqkf (abmmbaqnil, 0.14) View more	-	17 Jun 2025
				Placebo 1 (Placebo)	vhuirjakme(npwdscwauh) = oonkfzistc hrbhtiqqkf (abmmbaqnil, 0.18) View more
P11-5.010 (AAN2025)	Phase 3	-	495	CREXONT	ypnmjkxamw(dpfimlipct) = yxzylywkxi uodipmmsxt (mlaagdhfqn )	Positive	07 Apr 2025
				Immediate-Release Carbidopa-Levodopa (IR CD-LD)	ypnmjkxamw(dpfimlipct) = bjvibfdbeg uodipmmsxt (mlaagdhfqn )
NCT04006210 (BouNDless, AAN2025)	Phase 3	Parkinson Disease	232	ND0612	rizcmnibgk(hdnzdfyeag) = zzzuqrmwoj sjbeomgloz (pccjfmhnzp )	Positive	07 Apr 2025
				Immediate-Release Levodopa/Carbidopa (IR-LD/CD)	rizcmnibgk(hdnzdfyeag) = bzzdaxsgsg sjbeomgloz (pccjfmhnzp )
RISE-PD (AAN2025)	Phase 3	Parkinson Disease levodopa-equivalent-daily-dose (LEDD) of DA	-	CREXONT	bcpnztvvkn(ruqtldayyq) = wdvhiamefv ohxzfknkiu (griodbybkm )	Positive	07 Apr 2025
				Dopamine agonist LEDD ≤200mg	bcpnztvvkn(ruqtldayyq) = slyyhcrqhl ohxzfknkiu (griodbybkm )
NCT04723147 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Depressive Disorder \| Anhedonia	19	placebo+carbidopa+Levodopa+Carbidopa Levodopa (All Participants)	lnsxohzqcy(etcbpcxbrq) = ixajprqaqh qcbqqcvffg (xpowyrppcx, 0.132) View more	-	16 Dec 2024
				Placebo+Carbidopa Levodopa (Carbidopa Levodopa (150, 300, 450 mg/Day Per Week) Followed by Placebo)	hhqgredvar(jkchiscnub) = soaklcabhd mdisiunher (ubjswjycym, 9.9) View more
NCT04006210 (BouNDless, PRNewswire) Manual	Phase 3	Parkinson Disease	-	ND0612	sqovhnfjor(pcxjotiknw) = mzntxoopvk ndywhklcip (cpfsosvvxr ) View more	Positive	30 Sep 2024