Delving into the Latest Updates on Xylitol with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

D-Xylitol, XyliStrip, Xylitol (JP17/NF)

+ [2]

Target-

Action-

Mechanism-

Therapeutic Areas

Endocrinology and Metabolic DiseaseMouth and Tooth Diseases

Active Indication

Diabetes MellitusXerostomia

Inactive Indication

Acute otitis mediaHeart Failure

Originator Organization

Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc.

Active Organization

Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc.

Rapid Dose Therapeutics Corp.Nipro Pharma Corp.

Inactive Organization

CoreQuest, Switzerland

The Children's Hospital Corp.

License Organization-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

Japan (17 Feb 1970),

Diabetes Mellitus

Regulation-

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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC5H12O5

InChIKeyHEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS Registry87-99-0

Xylitol is a sugar alc. classified as a prominent building block in the chem. industry.Besides, it is an important component in the food and pharmaceutical industries as an alternative to sucrose.The separation and purification of this chem. depend on exptl. and theor. information about solid-liquid equilibrium as a function of temperature, pressure, and compositionTherefore, this work aims to collect exptl. data on the solubility of xylitol in hydroalcoholic solutions of methanol or ethanol for the whole range of composition of the binary liquid mixture in the range between 293.2 K to 323.2 K.The data indicates that methanol is more capable than ethanol in interacting with xylitol.Moreover, the solubility of xylitol is directly proportional to temperature and the proportion of water in the solutionBinary interaction parameters were successfully optimized for the PC-SAFT and CPA equations of state, as well as for the NRTL activity coefficient model.Addnl., the solubility behavior was predicted using the modified UNIFAC and ASOG Gibbs energy models.

01 Jul 2025·Bioresource Technology

Metabolic engineering of Neurospora crassa for the production of xylitol and ethylene glycol from xylose

Article

Author: Ma, Caihong ; Fang, Hao ; Liang, Jiacheng ; Zhao, Chen ; Chen, Shaolin ; Luo, Zi Wei

The use of pentose from lignocellulose is critical for economic production of biofuels and chemicals. In this study, a filamentous fungus, Neurospora crassa, was used to metabolize xylose and synthesize xylitol and ethylene glycol (EG). Firstly, xylulose kinase gene was knocked out to prevent excessive xylose usage for strain growth, resulting in 5.8 ± 0.3 g/L xylitol and 58.3 ± 2.6 mg/L EG. Through optimization, the xylitol accumulation in the hydrolysate containing xylose reached 62.0 ± 0.6 g/L. The expression of 6-phosphofructokinase increased EG production with a maximum titer of 102.1 ± 1.8 mg/L, proving that the strain synthesized EG through xylulose-1-phosphate pathway. Addition of furfural or hydrolysate, and oxygen-limited environment were conducive to the EG accumulation. Further optimized strain accumulated EG up to 2586.4 ± 198.9 mg/L. This study provided the evidence of an all-natural metabolic pathway for EG synthesis in N. crassa and also demonstrated a new chassis cell for synthesis of xylitol and EG from xylose-rich hydrolysate.

01 Jul 2025·Food Chemistry

Authenticity assessment of commercial natural sweeteners using near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy with DD-SIMCA modeling

Article

Author: Batista Braga, Jez W ; Dias, Ana Cristi Basile ; de Sousa, Juliana F

This study presents a direct method to verify the purity and authenticity of erythritol, xylitol, and stevia using near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy combined with a DD-SIMCA classification model. The model was enhanced with virtual samples created by adding PCA residuals and noise, improving robustness and accuracy. The validation was performed using independent sample sets, including commercial natural sweeteners and samples adulterated with saccharin, sucrose, acesulfame, and silicon dioxide. For xylitol, efficiency rates (EFR) of 97 % (NIR) and 95 % (MIR) were achieved, while erythritol achieved EFRs of 96 % (NIR) and 98 % (MIR). Conversely, stevia exhibited significant variation in its spectral profile across different brands and batches due to the natural variability of steviol glycosides and extraction conditions. Consequently, the EFR for stevia reached only 61 % (NIR) and 90 % (MIR). This approach offers a fast and accurate alternative for verifying the authenticity of natural sweeteners supporting quality control and anti-adulteration efforts.

19

News (Medical) associated with Xylitol

21 Nov 2024

·www.businesswire.com

Nasal Sprays Help Alleviate Nasal Congestion

AMERICAN FORK, Utah--( BUSINESS WIRE )--Today, Nathan Jones, CEO of Xlear Inc., a consumer hygiene products company, released this statement regarding the FDA’s proposal to remove popular over-the-counter decongestants, which contain the drug phenylephrine, from the market: “With the FDA concluding that this common decongestant isn’t effective, as we enter cold and flu season, and as families prepare to celebrate the holidays, many Americans need a new answer for the discomfort of sinus congestion,” Jones noted. “For people looking for help, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Guidance, ‘Relief for Symptoms of Colds and Coughs’, ‘instructions’ say to ‘use saline nasal spray to relieve congestion.’ i Similarly, CDC’s ‘Sinus Infection Basics’ say ‘How to Feel Better’ ‘use a . . . saline nasal spray,’” ii he pointed out. “You experience congestion because there is an irritant or pathogen in your upper airway that your body is trying to trap and wash away—your runny nose is your body flushing it out. Saline-based nasal sprays can help speed up that flushing, reduce pathogen load, and make it more effective. It’s commonsense: The faster the bad stuff is gone, the faster you feel better,” Jones added. “For congestion caused by pathogens—like colds and flus—people can enhance that effect by using a nasal spray that contains xylitol. A series of studies show xylitol (a natural sugar) deactivates and/or blocks the adhesion of many types of viruses and bacteria, to your airway cells,” iii Jones continued. Adhesion is the process by which a pathogen attaches to your tissue to initiate infection. Using a nasal spray with xylitol helps block adhesion of these pathogens. For example, a Randomized Controlled (clinical) Trial published in 2022, determined that a saline-nasal spray containing xylitol and other ingredients reduced the rate of COVID-19 infections by 62 percent above placebo. iv “Using a basic saline would be comparable to rinsing your hands with water; using a nasal spray with xylitol, like Xlear , would be comparable to washing your hands with soap. Expect more from your nasal hygiene products. Make sure they have xylitol so you can better and faster clean out the bad stuff while alleviating the congestion,” Jones added. Xlear nasal spray is a saline-based nasal spray containing xylitol. Xlear 12 Hour Nasal Decongestant is a saline-based nasal spray containing xylitol and the decongestant Oxymetazoline HCL. For more information on Xlear please visit www.xlear.com . ____________________________ i https://www-cdc-gov.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/antibiotic-use/media/pdfs/HCP-Relief-Colds-Cough-85by11-P.pdf ii https://www-cdc-gov.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/sinus-infection/about/index.html iii For example: T Kontiokari, M Uhari, M Koskela, Antiadhesive effects of xylitol on otopathogenic bacteria., Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy , Volume 41, Issue 5, May 1998, Pages 563–565, https://academic-oup-com.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/jac/article-abstract/41/5/563/652694?redirectedFrom=fulltext - google_vignette ; Kontiokari, T., Uhari, M., & Koskela, M. (1998). Antiadhesive effects of xylitol on otopathogenic bacteria. The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy , 41 (5), 563–565, https://academic-oup-com.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/jac/article-abstract/41/5/563/652694?redirectedFrom=fulltext&login=false ; Jung, Kie Hoon. (2021). Antiviral Efficacy Against Virus Infections in Human-Derived Tracheal/Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Utah State University, https://xlrtmp.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Antiviral-efficacy_USU2021.pdf ; Vega, J. C., et al., (2020). Iota carrageenan and xylitol inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cell culture. BioRxiv , https://professionals.xlear.com/portfolio/anti-adherence-of-viruses/ ; Ruiz, V., Rodríguez-Cerrato, V., Huelves, L. et al. Adherence of Streptococcus pneumoniae to Polystyrene Plates and Epithelial Cells and the Antiadhesive Potential of Albumin and Xylitol. Pediatr Res 69, 23–27, https://www-nature-com.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/articles/pr920116 - citeas . iv Damian Balmforth, et al., Evaluating the efficacy and safety of a novel prophylactic nasal spray in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multi-centre, double blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial., Journal of Clinical Virology, 155; 2022, https://www-sciencedirect-com.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/science/article/pii/S1386653222001809 .

16 Nov 2024

·www.drugs.com

Bloated After That Holiday Meal? What's Normal, What's Not

SATURDAY, Nov. 17, 2024 -- As the holidays approach, most folks are familiar with a common side effect of the overindulgence that can come with all those meals with family and friends: Bloating. Luckily, Baylor College of Medicine gastroenterologist Dr. David Szafron has some tips on what triggers bloating, what kinds of foods are big triggers for it and when you need to see a doctor. First, bloating is defined as a feeling of trapped gas in the abdomen, fullness or abdominal pressure, Szafron said. It can last from a few minutes to a few hours, depending on what triggered it. So, what are some of those triggers? "We are still learning the ways bloating can occur," Szafron said in a Baylor news release. "Some of the most common causes are from food [and how our body processes it], medications, imbalances in our gut bacteria, changes in gut motility, prior surgery, constipation and disorders of gut-brain interaction [such as increased sensitivity of the nerves in the gut]." What are the two worst offenders as far as food goes? Two major culprits can be lactose and fructose, Safron noted. "As we age, many of us lose the enzymes needed to effectively digest these carbohydrates, which can lead to bloating," he said. "Some of these are asparagus, cauliflower, garlic, onions, mushrooms, apples, cherries, mangos, peaches, pears, watermelon, chickpeas, wheat flour, most pasta, cream cheese, cow’s milk, oat milk, soy milk, beans, tofu, sausage, cashews and pistachios." Even artificial sugars such as mannitol, xylitol and sorbitol can cause bloating. While everyone experiences bloating at some point, if it happens more than once a week over the course of several months, it might be time to use a food diary to figure out which foods are giving you trouble. Often, a pattern will emerge that spots which foods you should avoid or eat in moderation, Szafron said. Beyond dietary changes, exercise and good bowel habits can also help prevent bloating. Exercise can help stimulate the bowel and ease the symptoms of bloating. When eating foods that may trigger bloating, smaller portions can also minimize bloating. If you still experience bloating and it becomes severe enough to cause weight loss, vomiting or severe pain, see your doctor promptly, Szafron said. Whatever your topic of interest, subscribe to our newsletters to get the best of Drugs.com in your inbox.

17 Jun 2024

·www.drugs.com

Xylitol Linked to Incident Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event Risk

MONDAY, June 17, 2024 -- Xylitol is associated with incident major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) risk, according to a study published online June 6 in the European Heart Journal . Marco Witkowski, M.D., from the Lerner Research Institute at the Cleveland Clinic, and colleagues performed untargeted metabolomics studies on overnight fasting plasma samples in a discovery cohort of 1,157 sequential stable patients undergoing elective diagnostic cardiac evaluations. Subsequent isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses were performed on an independent validation cohort comprising 2,149 participants. The effect of xylitol on platelet responsiveness and thrombus formation in vivo was examined in complementary isolated human platelet, platelet-rich plasma, whole blood, and animal model studies. Finally, the effects of xylitol consumption were examined on platelet function in 10 healthy volunteers. The researchers found that circulating levels of a polyol tentatively assigned as xylitol were associated with incident MACE risk in the initial untargeted metabolomics study (discovery cohort). The association of xylitol with incident MACE risk was confirmed in stable isotope dilution LC-MS/MS analyses (third versus first tertile adjusted hazard ratio, 1.57). Xylitol-enhanced multiple indices of platelet reactivity and in vivo thrombosis formation at levels observed in fasting plasma were seen in complementary mechanistic studies. Xylitol-sweetened drinks markedly raised plasma levels in interventional studies, and enhanced multiple functional measures of platelet responsiveness in all individuals. "Our studies suggest that xylitol will likely confer heightened thrombosis potential in the same vulnerable patients that it is marketed towards and intended to protect," the authors write. Several authors disclosed ties to the biopharmaceutical industry; several authors are named coinventors on pending and issued patents relating to cardiovascular diagnostics and therapeutics.

AHAClinical Study

100 Deals associated with Xylitol

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External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00061	Xylitol	A01AA	DB11195

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Diabetes Mellitus	Japan	Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc.	17 Feb 1970
Xerostomia	Canada	Rapid Dose Therapeutics Corp.	-

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Heart Failure	Preclinical	-	CoreQuest, Switzerland	01 Mar 2021
Acute otitis media	Preclinical	United States	The Children's Hospital Corp.	01 Feb 2010

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Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

View All Results

Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


UEGW2024	Not Applicable	-	-	Xylitol	yqavgvtlnf(mtmviswjfv) = jqrjmggkxf kcsedqedjp (acagvledeh )	-	13 Oct 2024
				xylitol (Sucrose)	yqavgvtlnf(mtmviswjfv) = dzftiyvapz kcsedqedjp (acagvledeh )
Tandem Meetings ASTCT and CIBMTR2022	Not Applicable	Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation	-	Xylitol (Standard oral care bundle)	qkceyxsxnx(ouyermosaq) = qrkqcyuldx qtzbbntzxl (wxubfbzghl )	-	01 Mar 2022
NCT00928135 (CTgov)	Phase 1/2	Cystic Fibrosis	63	Hypertonic saline (7% Hypertonic Saline)	fptumwdrgx(fsruartkrk) = uqghsxlpov wuhtgenykh (apteabeqhw, bfcdkuftjw - wwhfktmrdm) View more	-	25 Jun 2021
				Xylitol (Hypertonic Xylitol)	fptumwdrgx(fsruartkrk) = navgsjzfxl wuhtgenykh (apteabeqhw, rfurejfmyl - iwfddppzdr) View more
NCT04399161 (AEXPC, CTgov)	Phase 2/3	Dental Caries	60	Chlorhexidine (Group A (Chlorhexidine Mouthrinse))	dggazsneuq(nuxnryexek) = sktnesoxmb tpcssukyer (xxpnwcjbxz, yztaqsqxms - agbbfkhper) View more	-	22 Jul 2020
				Xylitol (Group B (Xylitol Mouth Rinse))	dggazsneuq(nuxnryexek) = balcjyjrme tpcssukyer (xxpnwcjbxz, nwtxrmxcfm - vusqsbdrsv) View more
NCT00924404 (CTgov)	Not Applicable	Chronic sinusitis	53	Xylitol (Xylitol)	mxeqxsggjv(zbtsydszfv) = tnvinzsysy hmjclfdrcm (spjdhypwef, auynzrgxaz - zamdlovvfq) View more	-	09 Aug 2017
				Saline (Saline)	mxeqxsggjv(zbtsydszfv) = zzrgtkxoeo hmjclfdrcm (spjdhypwef, hktijfkpgw - lsbvdngmfk) View more
Pubmed	Not Applicable	Dental Caries	-	Xylitol	mrutpisvxr(klxpjvorjx) = vjwcyysoer vixmkfeglh (jmyglzsytq, -0.48 to 0.01) View more	Negative	15 Mar 2017
Pubmed	Not Applicable	Dental Caries mutans streptococci (MS)	477	Xylitol	mvdipmkcwf(gajkepeted) = dyxsuypash zllopzaaup (ttlobcfdym, -1.34 to -0.83) View more	Positive	01 Jan 2017
				Xylitol (Fluoride varnish)	mvdipmkcwf(gajkepeted) = zgaopizbok zllopzaaup (ttlobcfdym, -2.89 to -0.84)
NCT01044030 (CTgov)	Phase 3	Acute otitis media	326	Xylitol syrup (Xylitol Syrup)	pqwgbpndus(vqxseguonw) = bvstacfudu ifglctzvbu (ktabdfscgz, yjpshsersn - rcylbldnjh) View more	-	20 Mar 2015
				Placebo (Placebo)	pqwgbpndus(vqxseguonw) = pafmetlqxy ifglctzvbu (ktabdfscgz, shxvoowwfv - azjwywhsdw) View more
ARVO2014	Not Applicable	-	-	Xylitol	(rcigqcbkad) = yzyqedertj anfozkesam (pkpzwoydls ) View more	-	01 Apr 2014
				No Xylitol	(rcigqcbkad) = gypbiswrtc anfozkesam (pkpzwoydls ) View more
NCT03229551 (Pubmed \| Laryngoscope)	Phase 2/3	-	26	Xylitol	cxsnpildqa(roaagthbbj) = yeyctupwir tnltlddjkv (hchzxbdeif )	-	01 Nov 2004
				Saline	cxsnpildqa(roaagthbbj) = imdziqdzpj tnltlddjkv (hchzxbdeif )