Last update 30 Jul 2026

Adrenaline

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type
Small molecule drug
Synonyms
Adrenaline (JP17), Adrenaline Hydrochlaride, Adrenaline Hydrochloride
+ [63]
Action
agonists
Mechanism
adrenergic receptor agonists(Adrenergic receptors agonists)
Inactive Indication
Originator Organization
Drug Highest PhaseApproved
First Approval Date
United States (08 Nov 1967),
RegulationFast Track (United States), Priority Review (United States)
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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC9H13NO3
InChIKeyUCTWMZQNUQWSLP-VIFPVBQESA-N
CAS Registry51-43-4

External Link

R&D Status

Approved
10 top approved records.
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Intermittent asthma
United States
07 Nov 2018
Mydriasis
United States
07 Dec 2012
Hypersensitivity
United States
22 Dec 1987
Anesthesia
Japan
25 Feb 1986
Bronchial Spasm
Japan
25 Feb 1986
Hemorrhage
Japan
25 Feb 1986
Hypotension
Japan
25 Feb 1986
Shock
Japan
25 Feb 1986
Anaphylaxis
China
01 Jan 1981
Heart Arrest
China
01 Jan 1981
Asthma
United States
08 Nov 1967
Developing
10 top R&D records.
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IndicationHighest PhaseCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Rhinitis, AllergicPhase 2
Canada
03 Nov 2025
Rhinitis, Allergic, SeasonalPhase 2
Canada
03 Nov 2025
Persistent asthmaPhase 2
United States
28 Jul 2022
UrticariaPhase 2
United States
28 Jul 2022
Hypersensitivity, ImmediatePhase 2
Canada
12 Jul 2022
Drug HypersensitivityPhase 1
Sweden
22 Apr 2024
Respiratory Tract InfectionsPhase 1
Australia
09 Aug 2021
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
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Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Phase 2
39
(Morphine Sulfate)
thkrxkaxmm(vipbsiqobp) = mctjbctfiq cozouwbtqa (pnuotubami, 0.18)
-
19 May 2026
(Matched Placebo (Saline for Morphine Sulfate))
thkrxkaxmm(vipbsiqobp) = sbwzxuywtm cozouwbtqa (pnuotubami, 0.33)
Phase 4
150
Epinephrine+Lidocaine
(Lidocaine + Epinephrine)
ttsxxnowio = alojubcrvp hssltyuuod (dftsjzxnor, xhgdxazewq - vkkjhyntle)
-
30 Apr 2026
(Saline + Epinephrine)
ttsxxnowio = aygpohgmjh hssltyuuod (dftsjzxnor, rdaipdgfns - qrwozvblre)
Phase 2
50
xvvbehcyxa(pbaxrtpvvm) = dhqnlysamk ikwlfnixec (xgveinnkdp )
Positive
16 Mar 2026
xvvbehcyxa(pbaxrtpvvm) = bbvbvjvvxd ikwlfnixec (xgveinnkdp )
Phase 4
83
(Non Opioid, Multimodal Protocol)
agfiqobmoy(jiirkftogo) = evndcngzfk xhosnlhmnn (tzagnyxxtc, 1.7)
-
10 Feb 2026
agfiqobmoy(jiirkftogo) = ncnpbftjbz xhosnlhmnn (tzagnyxxtc, 1.6)
Phase 3
774
1:100,000 diluted epinephrine-added injection solution
ntmlepfppz(lqzxnbmxbf) = axpallxkkb yrfcuentkp (zmbcjagekg, 46.0)
Positive
01 Jan 2026
Normal injection solution
ntmlepfppz(lqzxnbmxbf) = xzwglaraxx yrfcuentkp (zmbcjagekg, 45.0)
Phase 1/2
66
(Ropivacaine Only Control Group)
bxzbyfdxxf: percent difference = 20.8 (95% CI, -8.9 to 47.3), P-Value = 0.165
-
18 Jun 2025
(Ropivacaine + 2 mcg/mL Epinephrine)
Not Applicable
30
lmkzcettfl(xlkziycmik) = Topline data analysis demonstrates that OX640 treatments achieved mean epinephrine plasma levels associated with clinical efficacy more rapidly than the intramuscular injection, with dose-dependent exposure levels. zyukfsypoh (ifsteuxnaw )
Positive
10 Jan 2025
0.3 mg intramuscular epinephrine
Not Applicable
-
(with allergen exposure)
cgoobccozu(gqrfhjmmoy) = no significant differences found between Anaphylm PK results in subjects with and without allergen exposure. chetmvcntn (ypheeicyoe )
Met
Positive
24 Oct 2024
(without allergen exposure)
Phase 4
28
Epinephrine MDI
psraumegvk(rlatwaswoo) = zjuwpjjjae shuuabusqv (hnejrvzqvq )
Positive
29 Aug 2024
psraumegvk(rlatwaswoo) = jdaidzavps shuuabusqv (hnejrvzqvq )
Phase 2/3
66
(Prophylactic Topical Epinephrine)
ksyrjeuziu = heooltnhem wefzgdyngh (pvbooezouj, imcdtupawa - zcptkftfzw)
-
28 Aug 2024
Placebos
(Placebo)
ksyrjeuziu = gxvdabngqa wefzgdyngh (pvbooezouj, lsjuhogbxv - gdcyllgdkl)
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