This study will use an anticholinergic pharmacological probe to examine attention network function in SCD using EEG. The overall hypothesis is that in older adults with SCD, normal cognitive performance is maintained by compensatory attention network activity, supported by enhanced cholinergic function. The investigators anticipate that SCD will be associated with greater compensatory attention network activity and that disrupting this compensatory process through anticholinergic challenge will result in a greater negative effect on attentional performance (Attention Network Test, ANT) and attention network functioning (EEG) in older adults with greater subjective cognitive concern.

Start Date06 Jun 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Vanderbilt University Medical Center

NCT04756232

/ CompletedEarly Phase 1IIT

Cholinergic Mechanisms of Attention in Aging

Start Date21 Apr 2022

Sponsor / Collaborator

Vanderbilt University Medical Center

NCT03914677

/ Unknown statusPhase 4IIT

Pilot Study of Mecamylamine for Autonomic Dysreflexia Prophylaxis

This is a preliminary study of the antihypertensive drug mecamylamine, used in the specific circumstance of hypertension caused by autonomic dysreflexia (AD), a condition that affects people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Initially, mild sensory stimulation of subjects' legs is used to intentionally provoke AD, as reflected by blood pressure elevation during such stimulation. In subsequent testing sessions, mecamylamine is given prior to sensory stimulation, to show the effect of the drug on preventing these AD-related blood pressure elevations.

Start Date13 Jun 2019

Sponsor / Collaborator

Wayne State University (Michigan)

100 Clinical Results associated with Mecamylamine Hydrochloride

100 Translational Medicine associated with Mecamylamine Hydrochloride

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Mecamylamine Hydrochloride

2,696

Literatures (Medical) associated with Mecamylamine Hydrochloride

01 Apr 2026·ADDICTION BIOLOGY

The Acetylcholine Esterase Inhibitor Donepezil Increases Dopamine Levels in the Nucleus Accumbens and Blocks the Alcohol Deprivation Effect in Rats

Article

Author: Söderpalm, Bo ; Danielsson, Klara ; Loftén, Anna ; Ericson, Mia ; Adermark, Louise

ABSTRACT:

Alcohol use disorder is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality arising from both medical consequences and accidents. Currently available pharmacotherapies are limited, and novel treatment options are needed. One putative target for pharmacotherapy is the mesolimbic dopamine system and its major target, the nucleus accumbens. Mesolimbic dopamine signaling is regulated by multiple neurotransmitters, among which acetylcholine is a key modulator. This study investigated whether the acetylcholine esterase inhibitor donepezil affects basal and/or alcohol‐induced increases in extracellular dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens, and whether it influences alcohol consumption in male Wistar rats. Extracellular dopamine levels were measured using in vivo microdialysis, while alcohol intake was assessed using an intermittent two‐bottle choice paradigm followed by alcohol deprivation. Systemic administration of donepezil increased extracellular dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens, an effect blocked by local administration of the muscarinic antagonist scopolamine but not by the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine, indicating a primarily muscarinic mechanism. Moreover, following donepezil pretreatment, alcohol administration did not produce any further increase in dopamine. Donepezil did not alter voluntary alcohol consumption under intermittent access conditions, but it fully abolished the alcohol deprivation effect. These findings suggest that donepezil modulates accumbal dopamine transmission via muscarinic receptors and may influence neurobiological mechanisms underlying relapse‐like drinking.

24 Feb 2026·NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH

Hyperalgesia and Neuropathic Pain Mechanism in Rodent Models of Cigarette Smoking- and Nicotine-Induced Precipitated Withdrawal Study

Article

Author: Rathore, Deepsi ; Joshi, Aanchal ; Shrimali, Vishakha ; Naha, Nibedita

Abstract:

Introduction:

Quitting smoking, or nicotine deprivation, is associated with withdrawal symptoms, including increased pain sensitivity and hyperalgesia through poorly managed current therapies, thus highlighting the need to improve our knowledge of pain mechanisms and their management during nicotine withdrawal, or smoking cessation states.

Methods:

In this context, the present study investigates the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), inflammation, and redox balance in the cerebral cortex of adult rats exposed to oral nicotine and passive cigarette smoking through a whole-body inhalation chamber for short- and long-term exposure, where doses closely mimic the human smoking scenario. A subset of the exposure group received a single dose of mecamylamine hydrochloride, a nicotine acetylcholine receptor blocker, to evaluate the precipitated withdrawal effects as contributors to hyperalgesia and neuropathic pain.

Results:

The results reveal that nicotine/cigarette smoking induces hyperalgesia, lowers pain tolerance, and upregulates BDNF expression in adult rats as compared to the unexposed healthy controls. Mecamylamine mitigates the negative effects of nicotine by modulating neural circuits of the cerebral cortex involved in pain and inflammation. Specifically, mecamylamine changes cytokine dynamics by upregulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression, restoring redox balance, and downregulating BDNF and its receptor, Trk-β, in the cerebral cortex, thereby exacerbating pain sensitivity and ameliorating pain tolerance.

Conclusion:

The BDNF-Trk-β/IL-6 cascade in the cerebral cortex may prevent nicotine relapse by alleviating hyperalgesia and neuropathic pain during smoking cessation/nicotine withdrawal.

Implications:

Tobacco use is almost double in chronic pain patients, where opioid-based drugs cause more addiction burden. The study provides an insight into potential non-opioid therapeutic strategies targeting the BDNF-Trk-β/IL-6 cascade in the cerebral cortex, the higher center of behavioral activities, using adult rodent models where nicotine doses closely mimic the human smoking situation, including passive cigarette smoking and oral nicotine use. The data of the study may be useful for neuropathic pain management during nicotine withdrawal/smoking cessation and quitting efforts.

01 Feb 2026·NEUROPHARMACOLOGY

Physostigmine modulates hippocampal GABAergic neurotransmission via α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Article

Author: Hernández-Abrego, Andy ; Mejía-Piedras, Jassiel ; Vázquez-Gómez, Elizabeth ; García-Colunga, Jesús

GABAergic synaptic transmission is modulated by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and both are regulated by several substances, including antidepressants and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. They may therefore be involved in disorders such as depression. Physostigmine (an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor), besides inducing depressive behaviors, is an agonist and positive allosteric modulator of nAChRs; however, its effects on both GABAergic transmission and α7 nAChRs are not clear. Here we explore the pharmacological actions of physostigmine on both GABAergic transmission and α7 nAChRs in the hippocampus by using voltage-clamp technique. We found in rat hippocampal CA1 stratum radiatum interneurons that, a) physostigmine increased the frequency of spontaneous and miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs and mIPSCs), which was reversed by mecamylamine (a non-selective nAChR antagonist) and by methyllycaconitine (a selective α7 nAChR antagonist); but not by dihydro-β-erythroidine (a selective α4β2 nAChR antagonist), b) methyllycaconitine alone decreased the frequency of sIPSCs, c) the antidepressant fluoxetine decreased the frequency of sIPSCs that was potentiated by physostigmine, and had no effect after methyllycaconitine application, d) physostigmine potentiated the ionic current induced by choline without modifying its decay time constant, and was inhibited by fluoxetine. Finally, in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, physostigmine decreased the frequency of sIPSCs, which was reverted by fluoxetine. In conclusion, physostigmine increases GABAergic synaptic transmission in hippocampal CA1 stratum radiatum interneurons acting as a type I positive allosteric modulator on tonic endogenous activated α7 nAChRs. These effects of physostigmine might be counteracted by fluoxetine, through inhibition of α7 nAChRs.

News (Medical) associated with Mecamylamine Hydrochloride

23 Jun 2025

·www.globenewswire.com

Optime Care Partners with Tilde Sciences as Exclusive Specialty Pharmacy Provider for Vecamyl

ST. LOUIS, June 23, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Optime Care, AscellaHealth’s Specialty Pharmacy, is pleased to announce an expanded partnership with Tilde Sciences LLC (“Tilde”), effective June 23, 2025. Under this arrangement, Optime Care will serve as the exclusive specialty pharmacy provider for dispensing the newly FDA-approved and relaunched Vecamyl (mecamylamine) 2.5 mg tablets to patients. Tilde, a pharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing treatments for rare diseases with significant unmet needs, selected Optime Care for its proven track record in program continuity, prior experience with Vecamyl® and Daraprim® and expertise in managing small, specialized patient populations. “Our continued and expanded relationship with Tilde demonstrates their confidence in Optime Care’s ability to meet the needs of specialty patient populations through highly-personalized programs, tailored patient communications and educational support throughout the treatment journey,” says Bill Bertetto, general manager, Optime Care. “Tilde values the expertise of our dedicated Patient Care Teams who have a deep understanding of complex disease states and provide guidance every step of the way. These specialists help enhance patient access to essential therapies, streamline care coordination and ensure financial assistance is available to those in need.” Leveraging innovative, proprietary technology platforms and patient engagement tools, Optime Care’s expert teams, including specially trained Patient Care Coordinators, deliver end-to-end solutions that drive improved individual outcomes and exceptional compliance rates. Akeel Mithani, president of Tilde states, “Optime Care is a trusted partner, reliably ensuring that patients with rare, complex diseases receive their medications on time and wherever needed. Over a year ago, we made a great decision to partner with Optime Care and we continue to rely on their unmatched expertise. Their teams consistently demonstrate a shared commitment to care for vulnerable specialty patients. It has been a gratifying experience working with Optime Care and we look forward to further collaboration to improve the clinical outcomes and quality of life for the patients we serve.” Vecamyl (mecamylamine) had been unavailable for new patients following its acquisition from the previous owner. The Company has since partnered with new supply chain providers to address and resolve the prior supply challenges. Today, the Company is pleased to announce that Vecamyl is now available through Tilde’s comprehensive patient support program, Tilde Total Care. Questions pertaining to access and affordability of Vecamyl (mecamylamine) should be directed to 1-877-794-0008. About Optime CareOptime Care, Inc., AscellaHealth’s Specialty Pharmacy, is a nationally recognized specialty pharmacy, distribution and patient management organization offering a suite of comprehensive services tailored to maximize therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of orphan and rare disorders. The executive team has partnered in the launch and management of over 40 orphan products and programs while consistently implementing the best brand services for the community. Optime Care has dual-accreditation from the Utilization Review Accreditation Commission (URAC) for compliance with specialty pharmacy and the Accreditation Commission for Health Care (ACHC) for specialty pharmacy services that demonstrate a commitment to providing quality care and services to consumers. Visit: https://www.optimecare.com/*Optime Care is wholly owned by Innovative Specialty Solutions, LLC, an affiliate of AscellaHealth, LLC. About Tilde Tilde Sciences is a United States based biopharmaceutical company specializing in the development and commercialization of specialty pharmaceuticals tailored for rare diseases with significant unmet needs. For more information visit https://www.tildesciences.com/ About VECAMYL®INDICATION VECAMYL® (mecamylamine HCI tablets USP) 2.5 mg is indicated for the management of moderately severe to severe essential hypertension and in uncomplicated cases of malignant hypertension. IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION VECAMYL® should not be used in people with mild, moderate high blood pressure that can suddenly fluctuate at different times of the day. You should not use VECAMYL if you have a heart condition that reduces the flow of blood to the heart or had a recent heart attack. Patients with a certain type of abnormal kidney function should use VECAMYL with caution, and those with increased levels of urea in their blood should not use VECAMYL. In general, it is not advised to use VECAMYL if you are receiving antibiotics and sulfonamides. Do not use VECAMYL if you have glaucoma. Do not use VECAMYL if your healthcare provider indicated you have organic pyloric stenosis. You should not use VECAMYL if you previously had a serious allergic reaction to mecamylamine hydrochloride (the medicine in VECAMYL). VECAMYL should be used with caution if you have a disease that reduces blood flow to the heart and brain, such as arteriosclerosis, or have had a recent stroke. It is important before using VECAMYL that the function of your kidneys and heart are evaluated by your healthcare professional. With certain diseases that reduce blood flow to the kidneys, brain, or heart, some people may experience worsening of symptoms due to reduction of blood pressure with VECAMYL therapy. Also, discuss with your healthcare provider if you have bladder or urinary problems as VECAMYL can make it difficult to completely empty one's bladder. VECAMYL may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting, especially when rising from a sitting or lying position. This effect may be increased by alcoholic beverages, exercise, or during hot weather. Rising slowly may help prevent these effects. Tell your healthcare provider if you experience tremors, jerky involuntary movements, mental aberrations, or convulsions after taking VECAMYL. Immediately tell your healthcare provider if you experience loose bowel movements with stomach bloating and decreased rumbling. Use VECAMYL as directed by your healthcare provider. The information of this website should not take place of talking to your doctor. If you have any questions about your condition or if you would like more information on VECAMYL, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. Only you and your doctor can decide if VECAMYL is right for you. Do not stop using VECAMYL unless told so by your healthcare provider because suddenly stopping the drug may cause high blood pressure to return. A sudden rise in blood pressure may cause stroke or heart failure. However, the effects of VECAMYL may last from hours to days after one stops using the drug. For more information about VECAMYL, including additional side effects, please see the Full Prescribing Information for VECAMYL. You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/default.htm or call 1-800-FDA-1088. You may also report an adverse event by calling (800) 769-8874. This press release was published by a CLEAR® Verified individual. Media: Caroline Chambers CPR Communications cchambers@cpronline.com 201.641.1911 x 21

AcquisitionDrug Approval

07 Dec 2023

·www.prnewswire.com

Tilde Sciences acquires Daraprim® and Vecamyl® from Vyera Pharmaceuticals

NEWARK, N.J., Dec. 7, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Tilde Sciences, a specialty pharmaceutical company, announced today that it has acquired two medicines, Daraprim® and Vecamyl® from Vyera Pharmaceuticals. Tilde Sciences expects a seamless transition from Vyera Pharmaceuticals and uninterrupted access through Optime Care, its specialty pharmacy partner. Tilde has elected to use Optime Care because of the company's commitment to provide patients and their caregivers with dedicated programs and services in support of these important drugs. If you have any questions about Daraprim® or the financial assistance programs available, call1-877-258-2033 and press 3, or visit . Eligible patients who have commercial insurance may pay as little as $0 out-of-pocket for their prescription.1 Questions related to Vecamyl® should be directed to 1-877-794-0008 or visit . About Tilde Tilde Sciences is a United States based biopharmaceutical company specializing in the development and commercialization of specialty pharmaceuticals tailored for rare diseases with significant unmet needs. For more information visit . 1 Financial assistance programs are subject to terms and conditions and patient eligibility requirements. Restrictions, including where prohibited by law, may apply. Offers are subject to change or discontinuation without notice. Financial assistance programs are not insurance nor are they intended to be a substitute for insurance. SOURCE Tilde Sciences LLC

01 Aug 2023

·www.prnewswire.com

Vyera Pharmaceuticals, LLC and Phoenixus AG Sign Asset Purchase Agreement to Sell Rights to Daraprim and Vecamyl

NEW YORK and BAAR, Switzerland, Aug. 1, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Vyera Pharmaceuticals, LLC ("Vyera") and Phoenixus AG ("Phoenixus") today announced that they have entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement related to Daraprim and Vecamyl. The aggregate consideration to be paid for the sale and transfer of the purchased assets and the assignment of the certain contracts, subject to adjustment, shall be $650,000 together with the assumption of post-closing liabilities. The closing of the transaction is subject to satisfaction of certain conditions, including without limitation approval of the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware with which Vyera and Phoenixus, together with affiliated parties, have filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code and have elected to proceed under Subchapter V thereunder. The bankruptcy cases are jointly administered under Case No. 23-10605 (JKS). As part of the Subchapter V proceedings, Vyera filed a motion seeking authorization of its proposed bidding procedures under which to conduct its 363 sale. Additional information about this process and the proposed asset sale, as well as other documents relating to Vyera's Subchapter V proceedings, is available through Vyera's claims and noticing agent's website: . DLA Piper LLP is serving as the Vyera's legal counsel. SierraConstellation Partners LLC is serving as Chief Restructuring Officer and financial advisor, and Alvarez and Marsal Securities LLC is serving as investment banker. For more information about the sale process, interested parties should contact Alvarez and Marsal Securities LLC. About Daraprim DARAPRIM is a prescription medication that contains pyrimethamine for the treatment of toxoplasmosis when used with a sulfonamide (e.g., sulfadoxine). Toxoplasmosis is a serious, sometimes fatal infection caused by the Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) parasite, one of the most common parasites in the world. About Vecamyl VECAMYL® (mecamylamine HCI) is indicated for the management of moderately severe to severe essential hypertension and in uncomplicated cases of malignant hypertension. About Vyera Vyera is a United States based biopharmaceutical company committed to developing and commercializing treatments that address serious and rare diseases with high unmet medical needs. Vyera supports programs that offer financial assistance to patients in need and gives discounts to organizations that provide care to underserved populations. Vyera's research and development efforts focus on novel treatment options for toxoplasmosis and other rare or serious health conditions. . About Phoenixus AG Phoenixus AG is a Swiss based global biopharmaceutical enterprise using a virtual pharma and centralized services development model to reduce the risk, costs and timing of product development across its portfolio companies. Forward-Looking Statements This press release contains certain "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Buyer and Vyera and Phoenixus (collectively, the "Companies") intend that such forward-looking statements be subject to the safe harbors created thereby. Words and expressions reflecting optimism, satisfaction or disappointment with current prospects, as well as words such as "believes," "hopes," "intends," "estimates," "expects," "projects," "plans," "anticipates" and variations thereof, or the use of future tense, identify forward-looking statements, but their absence does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. The Companies' forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance, and actual results could vary materially from those contained in or expressed by such statements due to risks and uncertainties including: (i) the sufficiency of the Companies' cash position, (ii) the Companies' ability to raise additional capital to fund its operations, (iii) the Companies' ability to meet its debt obligations, if any, (iv) the Companies' ability to enter into partnership or licensing arrangements with third parties, (v) the Companies' ability to identify patients to enroll in its clinical trials in a timely fashion, (vi) the Companies' ability to achieve approval of a marketable product, (vii) the design, implementation and conduct of the Companies' clinical trials, (viii) the results of the Companies' clinical trials, including the possibility of unfavorable clinical trial results, (ix) the market for, and marketability of, any product that is approved, (x) the existence or development of vaccines, drugs, or other treatments that are viewed by medical professionals or patients as superior to the Companies' products, (xi) regulatory initiatives, compliance with governmental regulations and the regulatory approval process, (xii) general economic and business conditions, (xiii) changes in foreign, political, and social conditions, and (xiv) various other matters, many of which are beyond the Companies' control. Except as required by law, neither Company undertakes any responsibility to update any forward-looking statements to take into account events or circumstances that occur after the date of this press release. Media Contact [email protected] SOURCE Vyera Pharmaceuticals

Patent Infringement

100 Deals associated with Mecamylamine Hydrochloride

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00611	Mecamylamine Hydrochloride	C02BB01	DB00657

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Essential Hypertension	United States	Tilde Sciences LLC	30 Jun 2025
Hypertension, Malignant	United States	Tilde Sciences LLC	30 Jun 2025
Hypertension	United States	Targacept, Inc.	01 Mar 1956

Developing

10 top R&D records.

to view more data

Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Glycogen Storage Disease Type II	Phase 2	-	CoMentis, Inc.	01 May 2008
Diabetic macular oedema	Phase 2	United States	CoMentis, Inc.	01 Sep 2007
Wet age-related macular degeneration	Phase 2	Brazil	CoMentis, Inc.	01 Mar 2007
Wet age-related macular degeneration	Phase 2	Czechia	CoMentis, Inc.	01 Mar 2007
Wet age-related macular degeneration	Phase 2	Mexico	CoMentis, Inc.	01 Mar 2007
Wet age-related macular degeneration	Phase 2	Poland	CoMentis, Inc.	01 Mar 2007
Wet age-related macular degeneration	Phase 2	Russia	CoMentis, Inc.	01 Mar 2007
Wet age-related macular degeneration	Phase 2	Ukraine	CoMentis, Inc.	01 Mar 2007
Depressive Disorder, Major	Phase 2	-	Targacept, Inc.	01 Feb 2005

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

View All Results

Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT01223404 (CTgov)	Not Applicable	Cognition	21	placebo (Intervention: Placebo)	ztvjcntxnw(revumuhjul) = nnujcsefoi fkseeczyux (vkpupnchdh, vzbzgcojeo - adhyhhkuut) View more	-	25 Jan 2018
				nicotine+placebo (Intervention: Nicotine)	ztvjcntxnw(revumuhjul) = idjucwirti fkseeczyux (vkpupnchdh, kvjduminve - iaylvwitqx) View more
NCT00563797 (CTgov)	Phase 3	Alcoholism \| Depressive Disorder \| Depressive Disorder, Major	21	Placebo (Placebo)	nprfruvrjw(iyadsfzvax) = eazbrgrood tfstbvwfqd (bcebogwhtn, 6.570) View more	-	18 Apr 2016
				Mecamylamine (Mecamylamine)	nprfruvrjw(iyadsfzvax) = wiochqvwir tfstbvwfqd (bcebogwhtn, 6.570) View more
Pubmed \| J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol	Phase 1	Autism Spectrum Disorder	20	Placebo	jkiriycysz(hbpddaxwnx) = constipation lehqzygjom (penrwlaqto )	Negative	01 Jun 2012
				Mecamylamine
NCT00414206 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Wet age-related macular degeneration	343	Mecamylamine (1% Mecamylamine)	iwiidsaulh = dzlwwrcnch mhjuwxssdd (pokkcjtieg, htqjbiwqqy - jynwmgcvjs) View more	-	23 Nov 2010
				Mecamylamine (0.3% Mecamylamine)	iwiidsaulh = noxxqowitv mhjuwxssdd (pokkcjtieg, rfjsyziwml - hwiwmbxzll) View more
NCT00536692 (Pubmed \| Am J Ophthalmol)	Phase 1/2	Diabetic macular oedema	-	Topical Mecamylamine	arjrbkmlnm(ggwxwboalh) = tdgmlefybp wobvjpqgnz (bkbyqtwmhx )	-	01 May 2010

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