This phase III trial compares a smartphone application with or without nicotine replacement therapy in improving smoking cessation among Hispanic adults who would like to quit smoking. The iCanQuit smartphone application focuses on skills for managing urges, motivation, and relapse prevention with personalized quit plans. Nicotine replacement therapy works by giving small, steady doses of nicotine to help stop cravings and relieve symptoms that occur when a person is trying to quit smoking without any of the other harmful chemicals found in tobacco products.

Start Date01 Jun 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center

[+1]

NCT06334016

/ Not yet recruitingEarly Phase 1IIT

Acute Effects of Sequential Nicotine Vaping on the Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of Vaped THC: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Within-Subject Crossover Study

This clinical trial assesses differences in the delivery of THC to the bloodstream depending on whether nicotine vapes are used before or after THC. While there has been much recent publicity about vaping products and concern about their safety considering their increasing use for THC administration, the THC delivery profile associated with THC liquid vaping products in human subjects is currently unknown. Importantly, how the delivery to the bloodstream of THC vaping liquids compare to delivery from smoked cannabis, which is the most used method of cannabis delivery, will serve as an important benchmark for evaluating the delivery and effects of THC vaping products, and their relative safety.

Start Date27 May 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center

[+1]

NCT06595459

/ Not yet recruitingPhase 4IIT

A Randomized Comparative Effectiveness Trial of Nicotine Pouches for Cigarette Substitution: A Question of Public Health

The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate how well nicotine pouches and nicotine mini lozenges serve as substitutes for cigarettes when people try to switch from smoking to using these alternate nicotine products.
Participants will:
* Use nicotine pouches, nicotine mini lozenges, or no study product for a week and then try not to smoke for 3 weeks.
* Have 6 in-person research visits and 1 follow-up call
* Complete questionnaires at each study contact and use a smartphone app to record smoking and study product use

Start Date01 May 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

University of Wisconsin Madison

[+2]

100 Clinical Results associated with Nicotine

100 Translational Medicine associated with Nicotine

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Nicotine

50,531

Literatures (Medical) associated with Nicotine

01 Aug 2025·ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS

Switching between vaping devices, nicotine concentration, and flavors among people who use e-cigarettes daily: Results from a 12-Month longitudinal study

Article

Author: Martin, Connor D ; Block, Ashleigh C ; Kaiser, Lisa M ; Miller, Connor R ; Goniewicz, Maciej L

BACKGROUND:

E-cigarettes vary widely in product characteristics (e.g., device type, nicotine concentration, and flavor). Little is known about how people who use e-cigarettes switch between products with different characteristics. We tracked the stability/variability in characteristics of products used by individuals who vaped e-cigarettes daily over one year.

METHODS:

Of 126 enrolled participants who vaped e-cigarettes daily and did not use other nicotine products, 80 completed 12 monthly study visits. Participants reported device type, nicotine concentration, and flavors used in the past 30 days at each visit. Participants were also asked to bring e-cigarette devices and e-liquids to each visit. Study staff took pictures of products carried by participants and categorized product characteristics.

RESULTS:

Over one year, 35.0 % of participants did not change device type, nicotine concentration, or flavor type. However, 35 % of participants changed device type, 31.3 % changed nicotine concentration, and 46.3 % changed flavor at least once. The most common change in device type was switching from open to closed system devices (67.9 %). The rate of switching from low to high nicotine (≤24 vs. > 24 mg/mL) was more common than the reverse (56.6 % vs. 43.4 %). The most common change in flavor was switching between Fruit/Sweet and Hybrid (Fruit/Sweet with a cooling additive, 75.7 % of flavor switching events).

CONCLUSIONS:

Most study participants switched one product characteristic at least once during a 12-month study period. Users most frequently switched flavors and least frequently switched nicotine concentrations. Future studies should consider the variability of product use patterns among people who use e-cigarettes.

01 Aug 2025·NEUROPHARMACOLOGY

Chronic nicotine enhances object recognition memory via inducing long-term potentiation in the medial prefrontal cortex in mice

Article

Author: Nishikawa, Keisuke ; Waki, Fuka ; Nishitani, Naoya ; Kaneda, Katsuyuki ; Kawasaki, Ibuki ; Deyama, Satoshi ; Izumi, Shoma

Chronic nicotine administration enhances cognitive functions, including learning and memory, and ameliorates cognitive impairments observed in psychological and neurodegenerative disorders. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood. In this study, we used a novel object recognition (NOR) test and in vitro slice electrophysiology in mice to investigate the involvement of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a brain region connected to the hippocampus, and the synaptic plasticity within this region in chronic nicotine-induced object recognition memory enhancement. The NOR test revealed that chronic nicotine administration for five consecutive days significantly enhanced object recognition memory in male and female mice. This effect was blocked by intra-mPFC infusion of mecamylamine (Mec), a non-selective nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonist. In parallel with these findings, whole-cell recordings demonstrated that chronic nicotine administration significantly increased the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)/N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) ratio in mPFC layer V pyramidal neurons in male but not female mice. This plastic change was suppressed by systemic injection of Mec or methyllycaconitine, an α7 nAChR antagonist. Furthermore, optogenetic erasure of long-term potentiation (LTP) through chromophore-assisted light inactivation of cofilin, a protein essential for stabilizing spine expansion, suppressed chronic nicotine-induced enhancement of recognition memory. These findings suggest that chronic nicotine administration induces LTP in mPFC pyramidal neurons, likely enhancing object recognition memory.

01 Aug 2025·JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS

Volatile species and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons upon thermal (oxidative) decomposition of lignocellulosic biomass: The insightful case of reconstituted cast-leaf tobacco

Author: Migliaccio, Renata ; Senneca, Osvalda ; Apicella, Barbara ; Cerciello, Francesca ; Russo, Carmela ; Oliano, Maria Maddalena

Thermal decomposition of a reconstituted cast-leaf tobacco used in heated tobacco products (HTP) was investigated at heating rates of 5-100 °C/min both in inert and oxidative atmospheres, up to 550 °C.Experiments were carried out in a thermogravimetric apparatus, to obtain a global apparent kinetic model, and in a fixed-bed reactor, for sampling of the emitted decomposition products at a wide range of heating rates.An array of diagnostics was used to analyze liquid and gaseous products.Under the exptl. conditions tested, oxygen did not induce combustion of fixed carbon until 400 °C, but did affect the rate of formation and chem. composition of condensable and gaseous products.The most remarkable effect of oxygen was to favor the formation of small hydrocarbons, such as methane and unsaturated species, particularly acetylene.Above 400 °C acetylene was shown to decrease when enhancing the growth of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with up to six aromatic rings.The kinetic model obtained from fitting of thermogravimetric curves accounted for the existence within the sample of six components, which could be traced back to the main components and ingredients of reconstituted cast-leaf tobacco.Even though the model provided only a global simplified description of thermal degradation in terms of mass loss, neglecting both the interactions among solid components and the complex cracking and recombination reactions within the volatiles, it served as basis for the discussion of the results of the reactor experiments and to extend them further to heating rates relevant for HTP operating conditions.Results indicate that for temperature conditions relevant for HTPs, glycerol release and hemicellulose decomposition can occur in parallel and could in principle favor acetylene formation, even if it has not been reported in HTP aerosols in the literature.Nevertheless, the temperature in HTPs is typically kept below 350 °C, which ensures that combustion of the tobacco does not occur, limits the onset of lignin thermal degradation, and prevents the formation and growth of PAHs and subsequent formation of soot from happening.

182

News (Medical) associated with Nicotine

27 Feb 2025

·investors.viridiantherapeutics.com

Viridian Therapeutics Highlights Recent Progress and Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2024 Financial Results

- Reported positive topline phase 3 data for veligrotug from both THRIVE and THRIVE-2 in patients with active and chronic thyroid eye disease (TED); veligrotug has the potential to transform the standard of care in TED with a differentiated clinical profile achieved with fewer infusions; Biologics License Application (BLA) submission on track for second half of 2025 - - REVEAL-1 and REVEAL-2, phase 3 clinical trials assessing Q4W or Q8W subcutaneous (SC) VRDN-003 in active and chronic TED, progressing as planned and on track for topline data for both trials in the first half of 2026 - - Proof-of-concept IgG reduction clinical data in healthy volunteers anticipated in the third quarter of 2025 for VRDN-006, an Fc fragment inhibitor of the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) - - VRDN-008, a bispecific FcRn inhibitor with an extended half-life, expected to have additional preclinical data in 2025 with an Investigational New Drug (IND) submission planned for year-end 2025 - - Viridian appoints Radhika Tripuraneni, M.D., to the role of Chief Medical Officer - - Strong cash position of $717.6 million as of December 31, 2024; provides cash runway into the second half of 2027 - WALTHAM, Mass.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Viridian Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ: VRDN), a biotechnology company focused on discovering, developing and commercializing potential best-in-class medicines for serious and rare diseases, today reported recent business highlights and financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2024. “We made tremendous progress in 2024 which was capped off by the positive and better-than-expected pivotal data for our lead TED program veligrotug in active and chronic TED, and advancing towards the clinic with an IND submission for our lead FcRn inhibitor program VRDN-006,” said Steve Mahoney, Viridian’s President and CEO. “The veligrotug BLA submission is on track for 2H 2025 and our early commercial preparations are underway. In the new start TED market, we are excited about the potential for veligrotug to become the treatment-of-choice for patients. Our team executed throughout 2024, enrolling over 400 TED patients in veligrotug clinical trials, and we are carrying that momentum into our REVEAL studies, the phase 3 clinical trials for our potential best-in-class subcutaneous VRDN-003. Both REVEAL studies are on track to report topline data in the first half of 2026, which would enable a BLA submission by the end of 2026.” “Turning to our FcRn inhibitor portfolio, we anticipate proof-of-concept data in healthy volunteers, including IgG reduction, in Q3 2025. We also continue to advance our bispecific, half-life extended, potential best-in-class VRDN-008 program and anticipate sharing additional data from the ongoing VRDN-008 preclinical studies later this year. Building on the execution success of 2024, we are excited to continue delivering important catalysts across both our TED and FcRn portfolios.” TED Portfolio Progress Veligrotug is an intravenously (IV) delivered anti-insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) antibody in phase 3 development for thyroid eye disease, with the potential to be the IV treatment-of-choice for active and chronic TED. Positive Topline Data in THRIVE and THRIVE-2:Veligrotug achieved all primary and secondary endpoints in THRIVE and THRIVE-2, pivotal phase 3 clinical trials for patients with active and chronic TED, respectively. Pivotal Data Show a Differentiated Clinical Profile:Veligrotug showed a differentiated clinical profile in THRIVE and THRIVE-2, with a rapid onset of treatment effect and statistically significant and meaningful reduction and resolution of diplopia, including the first demonstration of diplopia response and resolution in a global chronic TED phase 3 study. Veligrotug was also generally well tolerated and had a low rate of hearing impairment, a key AE of interest, in both clinical trials. BLA On Track for 2H 2025, Marketing Authorization Application (MAA) Submission Expected 1H 2026:BLA submission is on track for the second half of 2025, with an MAA submission to the European Medicines Agency expected in the first half of 2026. VRDN-003 is a potential best-in-class, subcutaneous, half-life extended anti-IGF-1R antibody with the same binding domain as veligrotug. Viridian designed VRDN-003 to be an infrequent, at-home, and self-administered subcutaneous injection using a low-volume autoinjector. REVEAL-1 and REVEAL-2 Progressing as Planned:Patient enrollment and dosing continues in both phase 3 clinical trials. Topline Data On Track for 1H 2026: Viridian anticipates topline data from both REVEAL-1 and REVEAL-2 in the first half of 2026, with a BLA submission planned by year-end 2026. Viridian plans to launch VRDN-003 with a commercially available low-volume autoinjector for at-home administration. FcRn Inhibitor Portfolio Progress FcRn inhibitors have the potential to treat a broad array of autoimmune diseases, representing significant potential commercial market opportunities. The two marketed indications of myasthenia gravis (MG) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) alone are projected to have a market size close to $10 billion by 2030. An additional 17 indications are currently in clinical development with an FcRn inhibitor, with dozens more autoimmune diseases thought to be addressable by FcRn inhibitors. VRDN-006 is a highly selective Fc fragment which inhibits FcRn and is designed to be a convenient subcutaneous and self-administered option for patients. Proof-of-Concept Phase 1 Clinical Data On Track for Q3 2025:Viridian expects data from the phase 1 clinical trial in Q3 2025, including proof-of-concept IgG reduction data in healthy volunteers. VRDN-008 is a half-life extended bispecific FcRn inhibitor comprising an Fc fragment and an albumin-binding domain designed to prolong IgG suppression and provide a potentially best-in-class subcutaneous option for patients. Additional Preclinical Data Expected in 2025:Non-human primate (NHP) studies are ongoing to generate additional data for VRDN-008. Once complete, Viridian plans to use the totality of VRDN-008’s NHP data to build a robust pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model to enable the prediction of potential human dosing regimens for VRDN-008. Corporate Updates Today, Viridian announced the appointment of Radhika Tripuraneni, M.D., to the role of Chief Medical Officer, succeeding Thomas Ciulla, M.D. Dr. Tripuraneni joined Viridian in early 2024 as a consultant and brings a strong track record of leading clinical and medical teams at late-stage and commercial organizations with experience in multiple therapeutic areas, including rare disease, hematology/oncology, and neurology. Her prior roles include serving as Prothena’s Chief Development Officer and in senior clinical and medical roles at MyoKardia Inc., Synageva BioPharma Corp., and Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc. Viridian thanks Dr. Ciulla for his contributions to Viridian’s progress and looks forward to his support as he transitions into a consulting role with the company. Upcoming Investor Conferences Viridian will participate in the following upcoming investor conferences in March 2025. A live webcast of each presentation can be accessed under “Events and Presentations” on the Investors section of the Viridian website at viridiantherapeutics.com. A replay of each webcast will be available following the completion of the event. TD Cowen Health Care Conference: Presentation on Monday, March 3, 2025, at 9:10 a.m. ET in Boston, Massachusetts. Leerink Global Healthcare Conference: Presentation on Wednesday, March 12, 2025, at 10:00 a.m. ET in Miami, Florida. Financial Results Cash Position:Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments were $717.6 million as of December 31, 2024, compared with $477.4 million as of December 31, 2023. The company believes that its current cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments will be sufficient to fund its currently planned operations into the second half of 2027. R&D Expenses:Research and development expenses were $238.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $159.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase in research and development expenses was driven by increased costs associated with our ongoing clinical trials for our TED portfolio, additional investment in advancing our FcRn inhibitor portfolio, as well as increased personnel-related costs as a result of increased headcount. G&A Expenses:General and administrative expenses were $61.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $95.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease in general and administrative expenses was driven by $31.0 million in nonrecurring severance costs in 2023. Net Loss:The company’s net loss was $269.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared with $237.7 million for the same period last year. Shares Outstanding:As of December 31, 2024, Viridian had 99,663,246 shares of common stock outstanding on an as-converted basis, which included 80,994,046 shares of common stock and an aggregate 18,669,200 shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of 134,864 and 145,160 shares of Series A and Series B preferred stock, respectively. About Viridian Therapeutics Viridian is a biopharmaceutical company focused on discovering, developing and commercializing potential best-in-class medicines for patients with serious and rare diseases. Viridian’s expertise in antibody discovery and protein engineering enables the development of differentiated therapeutic candidates for previously validated drug targets in commercially established disease areas. Viridian is advancing multiple candidates in the clinic for the treatment of patients with thyroid eye disease (TED). The company is conducting a pivotal program for veligrotug (VRDN-001), including two global phase 3 clinical trials (THRIVE and THRIVE-2), to evaluate its efficacy and safety in patients with active and chronic TED. Both THRIVE and THRIVE-2 reported positive topline data, meeting all the primary and secondary endpoints of each study. Viridian is also advancing VRDN-003 as a potential best-in-class subcutaneous therapy for the treatment of TED, including two ongoing global phase 3 pivotal clinical trials, REVEAL-1 and REVEAL-2, to evaluate the efficacy and safety of VRDN-003 in patients with active and chronic TED. In addition to its TED portfolio, Viridian is advancing a novel portfolio of neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) inhibitors, including VRDN-006 and VRDN-008, which has the potential to be developed in multiple autoimmune diseases. Viridian is based in Waltham, Massachusetts. For more information, please visit www.viridiantherapeutics.com. Follow Viridian on LinkedIn and X. Forward Looking Statements This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements may be identified by the use of words such as, but not limited to, “anticipate,” “believe,” “become,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “on track,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “design,” “should,” “target,” “will,” or “would” or other similar terms or expressions that concern our expectations, plans and intentions. Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based on our current beliefs, expectations, and assumptions. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements regarding: preclinical development, clinical development, and anticipated commercialization of Viridian’s product candidates veligrotug (formerly VRDN-001), VRDN-003, VRDN-006 and VRDN-008, including Viridian's view that the THRIVE and THRIVE-2 data provides strong support for VRDN-003's clinical profile; anticipated start dates of studies; anticipated data results and timing of their disclosure, including VRDN-003 topline data from the REVEAL-1 and REVEAL-2 trials in the first half of 2026, anticipated VRDN-006 proof-of-concept clinical data, including IgG reduction data, in the third quarter of 2025, and anticipated VRDN-008 preclinical data in 2025; regulatory interactions and anticipated timing of regulatory submissions, including the anticipated BLA submissions for veligrotug in the second half of 2025 and VRDN-003 by year-end 2026, MAA submission for veligrotug in the first half of 2026, and IND submission for VRDN-008 by year-end 2025, pending data; the potential utility, efficacy, potency, safety, clinical benefits, clinical response, convenience and number of indications of veligrotug, VRDN-003, VRDN-006, and VRDN-008; veligrotug’s potential to transform the standard of care and the potential for veligrotug to be the IV treatment-of-choice for active and chronic TED; Viridian’s product candidates potentially being best-in-class; whether veligrotug will serve an unmet need; Viridian’s expectations regarding the potential commercialization of veligrotug and VRDN-003, if approved, including plans to launch VRDN-003 with a low-volume autoinjector; and that Viridian’s cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments will be sufficient to fund its operations into the second half of 2027. New risks and uncertainties may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible to predict all risks and uncertainties. No representations or warranties (expressed or implied) are made about the accuracy of any such forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are subject to a number of material risks and uncertainties including but not limited to: potential utility, efficacy, potency, safety, clinical benefits, clinical response and convenience of Viridian’s product candidates; that results or data from completed or ongoing clinical trials may not be representative of the results of ongoing or future clinical trials; that preliminary data may not be representative of final data; the timing, progress and plans for our ongoing or future research, preclinical and clinical development programs; changes to trial protocols for ongoing or new clinical trials; expectations and changes regarding the timing for regulatory filings; regulatory interactions expectations and changes regarding the timing for enrollment and data; uncertainty and potential delays related to clinical drug development; the duration and impact of regulatory delays in our clinical programs; the timing of and our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approvals for our therapeutic candidates; manufacturing risks; competition from other therapies or products; estimates of market size; other matters that could affect the sufficiency of existing cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments to fund operations; our financial position and projected cash runway; our future operating results and financial performance; Viridian’s intellectual property position; the timing of preclinical and clinical trial activities and reporting results from same; that our product candidates may not be commercially successful, if approved; and other risks described from time to time in the “Risk Factors” section of our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), including those described in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K or Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as applicable, and supplemented from time to time by our Current Reports on Form 8-K. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it was made. Neither the company, nor its affiliates, advisors, or representatives, undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing the company’s views as of any date subsequent to the date hereof. Three Months Ended December 31, Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2024 2023 $ 72 $ 72 $ 302 $ 314 72 72 302 314 71,959 38,558 238,254 159,765 15,585 32,993 61,083 94,999 87,544 71,551 299,337 254,764 (87,472 ) (71,479 ) (299,035 ) (254,450 ) 8,605 5,535 32,132 18,563 (858 ) (916 ) (3,046 ) (1,847 ) (79,725 ) (66,860 ) (269,949 ) (237,734 ) (942 ) 403 (348 ) 728 $ (80,667 ) $ (66,457 ) $ (270,297 ) $ (237,006 ) $ (64,648 ) $ (48,418 ) $ (208,560 ) $ (175,007 ) $ (0.81 ) $ (0.97 ) $ (3.07 ) $ (3.91 ) 80,052,123 49,681,803 67,885,831 44,755,475 $ (7,261 ) $ (11,204 ) $ (31,718 ) $ (45,421 ) $ (53.84 ) $ (64.98 ) $ (204.82 ) $ (260.70 ) 134,864 172,435 154,856 174,226 $ (7,816 ) $ (7,238 ) $ (29,671 ) $ (17,306 ) $ (53.84 ) $ (64.97 ) $ (204.82 ) $ (260.69 ) 145,160 111,413 144,862 66,385 $ 717,584 $ 477,370 24,819 13,054 $ 742,403 $ 490,424 70,764 48,402 671,639 442,022 $ 742,403 $ 490,424 Anabel Chan, 617-458-8725 Vice President, Investor Relations & Communications IR@viridiantherapeutics.com Louisa Stone, 617-272-4604 Senior Manager, Investor Relations & Communications IR@viridiantherapeutics.com

Phase 3Executive ChangeFinancial StatementPhase 1Clinical Result

20 Feb 2025

·www.drugs.com

Unexplained Stroke Risk Doubled Among Young Smokers

THURSDAY, Feb. 20, 2025 -- Smoking more than doubles the risk of unexplained strokes among younger adults, a new study warns. And heavy smoking is even worse, with stroke risk more than quadrupled among adults who smoke more than a pack of cigarettes every day for 20 years compared to people who don’t smoke, researchers found. “Our findings suggest that continued public health efforts around preventing smoking, especially heavy smoking, may be an important way to help reduce the number of strokes happening to young people,” lead researcher Phillip Ferdinand with Keele University in the U.K said in a news release. For the study, researchers focused on a type of stroke called cryptogenic stroke. These strokes are caused by a blockage of blood flow, but it’s not clear what caused the clog. “While smoking has long been linked to ischemic stroke, little is known about how smoking affects people under 50, especially in those with unexplained stroke,” Ferdinand said. His team compared the medical records of 546 people aged 18 to 49 who suffered an unexplained stroke, to 546 people of matched age and sex who hadn’t had a stroke. About 33% of smokers had suffered an unexplained stroke, compared to 15% of non-smokers, researchers found. Gender, age and smoking intensity all played a role in stroke risk among younger adults, results show. Male smokers had more than three times the stroke risk of non-smokers, and 45- to 49-year-olds nearly five times the risk. And smoking intensity only caused their risk to skyrocket. Men who smoked more than a pack a day for 20 years had nearly seven times the risk, and people 45 to 49 nearly five times the risk. Overall, people who smoked 11 to 20 cigarettes per day had a 64% increased risk of stroke, compared to a 5.2 times risk with more than 40 smokes a day, results show. "Recent research has shown an increase in younger people having these unexplained strokes, so it is important to evaluate any potential links. Our study found that smoking may be a key factor,” Ferdinand said. There are many ways tobacco smoke can increase stroke risk, according to the World Stroke Organization. Cigarette smoke contains thousands of harmful chemicals that can affect the circulatory system, the organization said. It also contains carbon monoxide, which lowers blood oxygen levels, and nicotine, which raises blood pressure. Smoking also is known to influence cholesterol levels and increase the risk of hardened arteries, the organization added. The new study appears in the journal Neurology . Whatever your topic of interest, subscribe to our newsletters to get the best of Drugs.com in your inbox.

Clinical Result

28 Jan 2025

·www.prnewswire.com

Smartphone App Predicts Cardiovascular Damage from Vaping

PASADENA, Calif., Jan. 28, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- Huntington Medical Research Institutes (HMRI), a pioneer in scientific research with a track record of groundbreaking discoveries, provides crucial insights into predicting the long-term risk for cardiovascular damage from e-cigarettes (ECs), particularly those containing nicotine. ECs have gained popularity among youth and are used as a potential aid to quit traditional cigarette smoking. However, their impact on cardiovascular health has been poorly understood — until now. Continue Reading New app uses carotid waveform measurements, making it faster and more affordable to detect cardiovascular changes. Post this Rashid Alavi, PhD, James G. Boswell Postdoctoral Fellow, Huntington Medical Research Institutes and California Institute of Technology In this study, "Adverse Cardiovascular Effects on Nicotine Delivered by Chronic Electronic Cigarettes or Standard Cigarettes Captured by Cardiovascular Intrinsic Frequencies," researchers applied an innovative blood flow dynamics method using intrinsic frequency to measure blood vessel dilatation and determine the impact of nicotine exposure from electronic cigarette vapor. Findings showed nicotine-containing vapes negatively impacted vascular function and left ventricle-arterial coupling — key indicators of cardiovascular health, contributing to accelerated aging of the vascular system. Rashid Alavi, PhD, James G. Boswell Postdoctoral Fellow at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) and HMRI, led this study, recently published in the Journal of the American Heart Association (JAHA). He began this research during his doctoral studies in mechanical/cardiovascular engineering in the lab of Niema Pahlevan, PhD, the Gordon S. Marshall Early Career Chair in Engineering at the University of Southern California (USC), and Fellow of the American Heart Association (FAHA), in collaboration with the Keck School of Medicine of USC, HMRI, and the University of California Irvine. "The intrinsic frequency method, which is a new fluid dynamics-based analysis technique, is very sensitive at detecting abnormalities in the cardiovascular system, even more than some standard hemodynamic measures," said one of Alavi's faculty mentors, Robert Kloner, MD, PhD, chief scientific officer at HMRI, and professor of medicine at the Keck School of Medicine at USC. "It is exciting that this technique can be applied to cell phone applications to assess the heart's function and help reduce risk for cardiovascular disease among e-cigarette users." This pioneering approach, validated on preclinical models, has significant potential for human applications, offering a simple yet powerful, non-invasive tool to detect cardiovascular risks early on. For human applications, the smartphone captures images of the neck skin. Then, the algorithm extracts vessel wall dilation from skin vibrations recorded on the images. The dilation of vessel waveforms mirrors pressure waveforms in large arteries, such as the carotid artery. Traditional methods to detect cardiovascular risk rely on more invasive and complex tests such as invasive cardiac catheterization that includes radiation exposure, or other imaging techniques such as cardiac MRI, CT scanning, or echocardiography. These tests can be relatively expensive and usually involve a visit to a hospital or medical clinic. The carotid waveform measurement can eventually be made from the comfort of one's home and will have minimal cost, and no risks, such as radiation exposure. This novel technique developed by Alavi and his collaborators requires only carotid waveform (neck pulse) measurements, making it faster, noninvasive, and more affordable to detect early cardiovascular changes, whether in clinical settings or using smartphone-based technologies. Researchers also evaluated vapor from traditional cigarettes and found it significantly impairs left ventricle contractile function. In addition to damage from vaping, the novel neck pulse waveform analysis will help users detect risks from traditional smoking. As vaping becomes increasingly common, especially among younger populations, these findings emphasize the need for greater awareness of the potential health risks associated with nicotine exposure through electronic cigarettes. "People have this idea that e-cigarettes are much better than traditional cigarettes, so they quit traditional smoking and try e-cigarettes with nicotine. However, e-cigarettes with nicotine have many adverse effects, so they need to be carefully considered," said Pahlevan. "The goal of this study was to raise awareness about vaping and the long-term effects of nicotine on the cardiovascular system," said Alavi. "When the vessels become impaired, this will eventually impact the heart. We want to help people make informed decisions about whether to use a substance and its impact on their cardiovascular health." A smartphone application is a simple, effective tool for people who vape and smoke to assess their risk. This technology has the potential to create increased health equity for the early detection of cardiovascular disease, paving the way for easily accessible, widespread testing. Alavi is known for developing hybrid physics-based artificial intelligence (AI) approaches for the non-invasive diagnosis of cardiovascular and neurovascular diseases (e.g., heart attacks, heart failure, and stroke). "My goal is to use cutting-edge technology and AI predictive models to help people reduce their risk for cardiovascular and neurovascular diseases," said Alavi. "My research focuses on leveraging biomarkers derived from biofluid dynamics and biomechanics to create smartphone-adaptable tools that enable individuals to monitor habitual health risks regularly, and make informed lifestyle choices to prevent disease progression," Alavi added. Alavi's postdoctoral mentorship team includes Robert A. Kloner, MD, PhD; Morteza Gharib, PhD, professor of Medical Engineering and Aeronautics at Caltech; and Niema Pahlevan, PhD. Full list of authors: Rashid Alavi, PhD; Wangde Dai, MD; Sohrab P. Mazandarani, MA; Rebecca J. Arechavala, PhD; David A. Herman, PhD; Michael T. Kleinman, PhD; Robert A. Kloner, MD, PhD; Niema M. Pahlevan, PhD Sources of Funding: The University of California Office of the President Special Research Programs: Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program study (grant number: 28IR- 0057). The James G. Boswell Foundation. DOI: About HMRI Based in Pasadena, California, Huntington Medical Research Institutes (HMRI) is a pioneer in scientific research with a 70-year track record of groundbreaking discoveries that have changed the world – from seatbelts to lifesaving diagnostic technology like the MRI. Today, HRMI's work is laser-focused on biomedical research that investigates diseases of the heart and brain, and it is committed to inspiring and educating the next generation of scientists. SOURCE Huntington Medical Research Institutes WANT YOUR COMPANY'S NEWS FEATURED ON PRNEWSWIRE.COM? 440k+ Newsrooms & Influencers 9k+ Digital Media Outlets 270k+ Journalists Opted In GET STARTED

Radiation Therapy

100 Deals associated with Nicotine

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D03365	Nicotine	N07BA01	DB00184

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Tobacco Use Disorder	Australia	Johnson & Johnson Pacific Pty Ltd.	27 Nov 2001
Nicotine Dependence	United States	Haleon US Capital LLC	13 Jan 1984

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Acral Lentiginous Malignant Melanoma	Phase 3	United States	McNeil AB	01 Mar 2011
Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced	Phase 2	United States	Neuraltus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	01 Oct 2009
Parkinson Disease	Phase 2	United States	Neuraltus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	01 Oct 2009
Smoking Cessation	Phase 2	United Kingdom	McNeil AB	01 Oct 2008
Lung Cancer	Phase 1	United States	Pfizer Inc.	16 Jun 2017

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT04994444 (CTgov)	Phase 2/3	Smoking Cessation	49	Nicoderm CQ (Preloading)	olhkdsqlir(jeabbuhjqp) = dabvlpomlc lilhnwqmsd (vndwlzxkch, 13.2) View more	-	06 Apr 2025
				Nicoderm CQ (Standard Treatment)	olhkdsqlir(jeabbuhjqp) = isltmvmebi lilhnwqmsd (vndwlzxkch, 21.8) View more
ISC2025	Not Applicable	Cerebral Hemorrhage nicotine exposure	-	Nicotine-exposed group	nvkzndftbz(flofrivkin) = updycvcqtv oyyldgbiih (hwagbdtqpu )	Positive	30 Jan 2025
				Nicotine (Saline (control) group)	nvkzndftbz(flofrivkin) = imekaxxovd oyyldgbiih (hwagbdtqpu )
NCT04433767 (Pubmed)	Phase 2	Depressive Disorder nicotine metabolite concentrations	29	Transdermal nicotine patches	nychxeomlr(vkayiqhvvg) = improvement in self-reported affective symptoms (apathy, insomnia, rumination, and generalized anxiety symptoms), negativity bias, and disability flcgefwrar (aydfryruqc ) View more	Positive	01 Oct 2024
NCT05253573 (SurvLaos, CTgov)	Phase 2	Smoking Cessation \| Neoplasms	80	Self-help materials (to support smoking cessation)+Nicotine patch (Automated Treatment)	fcfuayzeos = ejwvitlsqh zzaledsnlf (txihizumgd, gwzwuborss - cnifaeasrm) View more	-	28 Aug 2024
				Self-help materials (to support smoking cessation)+Nicotine patch (Standard Care)	fcfuayzeos = onzklmftpt zzaledsnlf (txihizumgd, jprptaktya - ixyaxxvkck) View more
NCT03612960 (CTgov)	Not Applicable	Acral Lentiginous Malignant Melanoma	34	Very low nicotine content cigarettes (Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes)	prxchupjft(govysjxwqc) = cgphptdmdr vbjqaxaprk (sluvbqlntv, 0.18) View more	-	20 Aug 2024
				Normal nicotine content cigarettes (Normal Nicotine Content Cigarettes)	prxchupjft(govysjxwqc) = qntjutjpdo vbjqaxaprk (sluvbqlntv, 0.18) View more
NCT03272685 (CTgov)	Phase 3	Nicotine Dependence	799	Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes (Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes)	ksivavsfxv(vmpkwzqjuu) = ufwreqevru utetveoega (zzafcldwcu, 7.88) View more	-	20 Aug 2024
				Normal Nicotine Content Cigarettes (Normal Nicotine Content Cigarettes)	ksivavsfxv(vmpkwzqjuu) = fzlztyjsjh utetveoega (zzafcldwcu, 9.07) View more
NCT03634839 (CTgov)	Phase 1	Tobacco Use Disorder	42	Flavoring Agents+Nicotine (Sweet Non-menthol, Nicotine 36mg/ml)	iwuenruzbb(yscffcaszb) = bjgwkelkwe dpnyswxtkb (quwgfnxxjt, 3.158) View more	-	09 Aug 2024
				Flavoring Agents+Nicotine (Sweet Menthol, Nicotine 36mg/ml)	iwuenruzbb(yscffcaszb) = eqkguungtd dpnyswxtkb (quwgfnxxjt, 3.158) View more
NCT04974580 ((RISE), CTgov)	Phase 4	Nicotine Dependence	508	Phone Counseling (CoachingOnlyArm)	mnsqvrrsju = grplmfbvai buvcjqtilm (rkfkhpqygv, wvrlsxjlmd - ibnypsylrw) View more	-	29 Jul 2024
				Phone Counseling (DigitalArm)	mnsqvrrsju = kzdemdinhn buvcjqtilm (rkfkhpqygv, brtzqjmjgi - xodbksexip) View more
NCT03611881 (ScreenASSIST, CTgov)	Phase 4	Lung Cancer \| Smoking	642	Nicotine Patch+Community Resource (Short, Short, Present)	vyhkzidyug = zbvinlzczc ngxpnzmuwr (hfyxmkslrs, thdjqynvsp - yoygvgrzgc) View more	-	23 Jul 2024
				Nicotine Patch+Community Resource (Short, Long, Present)	vyhkzidyug = dndiyejqxd ngxpnzmuwr (hfyxmkslrs, eirzioohwb - mezyrelffd) View more
NCT04124432 (CTgov)	Phase 1	Marijuana Abuse	26	Cannabis (Active Cannabis Without Nicotine)	fzrdfpkyno(bsnlsngavn) = xbwjzarfeq dewibgnpox (gaelityexf, 0) View more	-	17 Apr 2024
				Cannabis+Nicotine (Active Cannabis With Own Brand Cigarettes)	fzrdfpkyno(bsnlsngavn) = qaiczvvzci dewibgnpox (gaelityexf, 142.2) View more

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