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HMGB1(High Mobility Group Protein B1)	1

Animals must avoid adhesion to objects in the environment to maintain their mobility and independence. The marine invertebrate chordate ascidians are characterized by an acellular matrix tunic enveloping their entire body for protection and swimming. The tunic of ascidian larvae consists of a surface cuticle layer and inner matrix layer. Hydrophilic substances coat the cuticle; this modification is thought to be for preventing adhesion. However, the molecule responsible for regulating this modification has not been clarified. We here found that the tunicate-specific protein Epi-1 is responsible for preventing adhesiveness of the tunic in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis Type A. Ciona mutants with homozygous knockouts of Epi-1 exhibited adhesion to plastic plates and to other individuals. The cuticle of the Epi-1 mutants was fragile, and it lost the glycosaminoglycans supplied by test cells, the accessory cells that normally attach to the tunic surface. Although it has an apparent signal peptide for membrane trafficking, we showed that the Epi-1 protein is localized to the cytosol of the epidermal cells. Our study suggests that the emergence of the tunicate-specific protein Epi-1 made the tunic less adhesive, providing a selective advantage for the last common tunicate ancestor.

01 Feb 2025·Separation and Purification Technology

Fabrication of indium doped Bi/Bi2O3 catalyst for efficiently selective electroreduction of carbon dioxide to formate

Author: Ramli, Yusrin ; An, Xiaowei ; Feng, Zhongbao ; Hao, Xiaogang ; Wang, Junli ; Feng, Changrui ; Abudula, Abuliti ; Yang, Ziyuan ; Lu, Houfang ; Li, Shasha ; Guan, Guoqing ; Wang, Peifen

Highly selective electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to formate is considered a valid route for alleviating the continuing increase in atm. CO₂ concentrationHerein, Indium-doped Bi/Bi₂O₃ (In-Bi/Bi₂O₃) electrocatalyst grown in situ on carbon paper (CP) was obtained via a relatively simple one-step solvothermal synthesis method and utilized in CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) for formate productionThe In-Bi/Bi₂O₃/CP exhibits superior Faradaic Efficiency for formate, i.e., FE_formate = 96.3%, and a partial c.d. of 6.74 mA cm^-2 at -1.6 V (vs Ag/AgCl) in the H-type cell.Furthermore, FEformate of the electrode remains consistently above 90% within long-term stability testing (60 h).By d. functional theory (DFT) calculations, it is found that incorporating In into Bi/Bi₂O₃ can generate more active sites and facilitate the preferential adsorption of *OOCH intermediates, alleviating competitive adsorption of *H during CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR), thereby accelerating formate production

01 Feb 2025·Bioresource Technology

Sludge enrichment and intermittent gradient aeration: Modulating microbial communities for start-up of partial nitrification in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR)

Article

Author: Hou, Yaxin ; Duan, Yun ; Ma, Jun ; Jia, Keqing ; Guan, Guoqing ; Zhao, Rong ; Abudula, Abuliti

A novel approach has been proposed integrating sludge enrichment with intermittent gradient aeration to achieve partial nitrification (PN). Results indicated that this method suppressed nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) activity while maintained ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) activity, achieving an 82.87 % nitrite accumulation rate (NAR) during startup. During stable operation, specific ammonia oxidation rate and specific nitrite oxidation rate reached 18.44 and 2.67 mg N/g MLVSS/h, respectively. Shortening anoxic time from 30 to 20 min enhanced ammonia removal efficiency by 12.5 %, increasing NAR to 89.55 %. Further reduction to 5 min yielded 38.46 % and 91.88 %, respectively. AOB abundance enriched from 0.62 % to 22.28 %, with the AOB-to-NOB ratio jumping from 0.22 to 59.58. This research presented a rapid and effective strategy for achieving PN.

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100 Translational Medicine associated with Hirosaki University

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Pipeline

Pipeline Snapshot as of 24 Jan 2025

The statistics for drugs in the Pipeline is the current organization and its subsidiaries are counted as organizations,Early Phase 1 is incorporated into Phase 1, Phase 1/2 is incorporated into phase 2, and phase 2/3 is incorporated into phase 3

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