Last update 01 Nov 2024

PSMB9

Last update 01 Nov 2024

Basic Info

Synonyms

beta1i, large multifunctional peptidase 2, LMP2

+ [15]

Introduction

The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. This subunit is involved in antigen processing to generate class I binding peptides. Replacement of PSMB6 by PSMB9 increases the capacity of the immunoproteasome to cleave model peptides after hydrophobic and basic residues.

Drugs associated with PSMB9

Zetomipzomib

Target

PSMB8 x PSMB9

Mechanism

PSMB8 inhibitors [+1]

Active Org.

Yunding Xinyao Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. [+2]

Originator Org.

Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Active Indication

Hepatitis, Autoimmune [+5]

Inactive Indication

Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemias [+1]

Drug Highest PhasePhase 2

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

LU-001i

Target

PSMB9

Mechanism

PSMB9 inhibitors

Active Org.

University of Leiden

Originator Org.

University of Leiden

Active Indication

Neoplasms

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhasePreclinical

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

ML604440

Target

PSMB9

Mechanism

PSMB9 inhibitors

Active Org.

Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Originator Org.

Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Active Indication-

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhasePreclinical

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

Clinical Trials associated with PSMB9

CTR20240905 / TerminatedPhase 2

一项在活动性狼疮肾炎患者中比较 Zetomipzomib (KZR-616) 30 mg 或 60 mg 与安慰剂的疗效和安全性的 IIb 期、随机、对照、双盲、多中心研究

[Translation] A Phase IIb, Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind, Multicenter Study Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Zetomipzomib (KZR-616) 30 mg or 60 mg versus Placebo in Patients with Active Lupus Nephritis

评估 Zetomipzomib 在活动性 III 或 IV 型（伴或不伴 V 型；III/IV +/-V 型）狼疮肾炎 (LN) 和单纯 V 型 LN 患者中的疗效和安全性。

[Translation]

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of zetomipzomib in patients with active class III or IV (with or without class V; class III/IV +/-V) lupus nephritis (LN) and isolated class V LN.

Start Date24 Apr 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator

Yunding Xinyao Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd.

NCT05781750 / SuspendedPhase 2

A Phase 2b, Randomized, Controlled Double-blind, Multicenter Study Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Zetomipzomib (KZR-616) 30 mg or 60 mg With Placebo in Patients With Active Lupus Nephritis

The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of zetomipzomib (30 mg or 60 mg) compared with placebo in achieving renal response after 52 weeks of treatment in patients with active lupus nephritis (LN).

Start Date03 Nov 2023

Sponsor / Collaborator

Kezar Life Sciences, Inc.

NCT05569759 / Active, not recruitingPhase 2

A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Phase 2a Study With Open-label Extension to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Zetomipzomib (KZR-616) in Patients With Autoimmune Hepatitis

This is a Phase 2a, multi-center, placebo-controlled study in which patients with autoimmune hepatitis will receive zetomipzomib or placebo in addition to standard-of-care for 24 weeks; an optional open-label extension period allows patients to receive zetomipzomib (KZR-616) for an additional 24 weeks of treatment.

Start Date23 May 2023

Sponsor / Collaborator

Kezar Life Sciences, Inc.

100 Clinical Results associated with PSMB9

100 Translational Medicine associated with PSMB9

0 Patents (Medical) associated with PSMB9

254

Literatures (Medical) associated with PSMB9

31 Dec 2024·Autoimmunity

Genome-wide identification of cell type-specific susceptibility genes for Juvenile dermatomyositis through the analysis of N ⁶ -methyladenosine-associated SNPs

Article

Author: Mo, Xingbo ; Zhang, Zhentao ; Fan, Kedi ; Guo, Yufan ; Zhang, Huan

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have pinpointed genetic loci associated with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). Functional genes within the GWAS loci may be cell type-specific, but their identity remains largely unknown. N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) plays a pivotal role in regulating various cellular processes and is linked to autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to underscore the potential functional genes within the GWAS loci through the analysis of m⁶A-associated SNPs (m⁶A-SNPs), specifically within relevant cell types. JDM-associated m⁶A-SNPs were identified from the GWAS summary dataset. The correlation between m⁶A-SNPs and gene expression was assessed through bulk tissue and single-cell eQTL analyses. To further investigate the relationship between gene expression and JDM, Mendelian randomization analysis was employed. Additionally, differential expression analyses were conducted on bulk tissues, as well as single-cell transcriptomic data comprising 6 JDM patients and 11 juvenile controls (99,396 cells). Seven m⁶A-SNPs associated with JDM were identified. Bulk tissue analysis revealed differential expression of HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, MICB, HLA-A, HLA-F, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB5, TAP2, PSMB9, MICA, AIF1, and DDX39B influenced by m⁶A-SNPs, all showing associations with JDM in both differential expression and Mendelian randomization analyses. In single-cell analysis, the six m⁶A-SNPs within the HLA locus acted as cell-type-specific eQTLs, correlating with the expression of HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1 and HLA-DRB1 in myeloid, T or B cells. Notably, these genes displayed abnormal expression in T, B, and myeloid cells of JDM patients. The present study identified m⁶A-SNPs within JDM susceptibility genes, shedding light on the intricate interplay between m⁶A-SNPs, gene expression, and JDM.

01 Dec 2024·Immunogenetics

Decoding the genetic landscape of juvenile dermatomyositis: insights from phosphorylation-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms

Article

Author: Guo, Yufan ; Mo, Xingbo ; Fan, Kedi ; Chen, Hongru ; Zhang, Zhentao ; Zhang, Huan

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified genetic susceptibility loci associated with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). Single nucleotide polymorphisms related to phosphorylation (phosSNPs) are critical nonsynonymous mutations exerting substantial influence on gene expression regulation. The aim of this study was to identify JDM susceptibility genes in the GWAS loci by the use of phosSNPs. We explored quantitative trait loci (QTLs) among the phosSNPs associated with JDM using data from eQTL (bulk tissues and single-cell) and pQTL studies. For gene expression and protein levels significantly influenced by JDM-associated phosSNPs, we assessed their associations with JDM through MR analyses. Additionally, we conducted differential expression gene analyses, incorporating single-cell transcriptomic profiling of 6 JDM cases and 11 juvenile controls (99,396 cells). We identified 31 phosSNPs situated in the 6p21 locus that were associated with JDM. Half of these phosSNPs showed effects on gene expression in various cells and circulating protein levels. In MR analyses, we established associations between the expression levels of pivotal JDM-associated genes, including MICB, C4A, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB5, and PSMB9, in skin, muscle, or blood cells and circulating levels of C4A, with JDM. Utilizing single-cell eQTL data, we identified a total of 276 association signals across 14 distinct immune cell types for 28 phosSNPs. Further insights were gained through single-cell differential expression analysis, revealing differential expression of PSMB9, HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1, and HLA-DRB1 in immune cells. The present study pinpointed phosSNPs within susceptibility genes for JDM and unraveled the intricate relationships among these SNPs, gene expression levels, and JDM.

21 Oct 2024·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science

Mouse Corneal Immune Cell Heterogeneity Revealed by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing

Article

Author: Yaman, Ebru ; Alam, Jehan ; Pflugfelder, Stephen C. ; de Paiva, Cintia S. ; Stepp, Mary Ann ; Heyer, Nicole

PurposeThis study aimed to define the heterogeneity, spatial localization, and functional roles of immune cells in the mouse cornea using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and immunofluorescent staining.MethodsEnriched mouse corneal immune cells (C57BL/6 strain, age 16-20 weeks) underwent single-cell RNA sequencing library preparation, sequencing, and analysis with Seurat, Monocle 3, and CellChat packages in R. Pathway analysis used Qiagen Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. Immunostaining confirmed cell distribution.ResultsWe identified 14 distinct immune cell clusters (56% myeloid and 44% lymphoid). Myeloid populations included resident macrophages, conventional dendritic cells (cDC2s), Langerhans cells, neutrophils, monocytes, and mast cells. Additionally, lymphocyte subsets (B, CD8, CD4, γδT, natural killer, natural killer T, and group 2 innate lymphoid cells) were found. We also found three new subtypes of resident macrophages in the cornea. Trajectory analysis suggested a differentiation pathway from monocytes to conventional dendritic cells, resident macrophages, and LCs. Intercellular communication network analysis using cord diagram identified amyloid precursor protein, chemokine (C-C motif) ligands (2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, and 12), Cxcl2, Mif, Tnf, Tgfb1, Igf1, and Il10 as prominent ligands involved in these interactions. Sexually dimorphic gene expression patterns were observed, with male myeloid cells expressing genes linked to immune regulation (Egr1, Foxp1, Mrc1, and Il1rn) and females showing higher expression of antigen presentation genes (Clic1, Psmb8, and Psmb9). Finally, immunostaining confirmed the spatial distribution of these cell populations within the cornea.ConclusionsThis study unveils a diverse immune landscape in the mouse cornea, with evidence for cell differentiation and sex-based differences. Immunostaining validates the spatial distribution of these populations, furthering our knowledge of corneal immune function.

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PSMB9

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