Delving into the Latest Updates on Ethyl chloride with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

Ethyl chloride (USP), chloroethane, monochloroethane

Target-

Mechanism-

Therapeutic Areas

Nervous System Diseases

Active Indication

Pain

Inactive Indication-

Originator Organization

New York University School of Medicine

Active Organization

New York University School of Medicine

Inactive Organization-

Drug Highest PhasePhase 1

First Approval Date-

Regulation-

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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC2H5Cl

InChIKeyHRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS Registry75-00-3

A procedure frequently performed by orthopaedic providers is the administration of corticosteroid injections for the management of various soft tissues and joint-related conditions, such as osteoarthritis, tendinitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, trigger finger, and de Quervain's tenosynovitis. While these injections have demonstrated effectiveness in alleviating symptoms, the discomfort associated with the procedure can be a source of anxiety and apprehension for patients. This discomfort arises from the sensation of the needle entering the affected area and the burning sensation induced by the corticosteroid solution.

Start Date01 Feb 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

The University of Chicago

NCT06596486

/ Not yet recruitingNot ApplicableIIT

A Comparison of CoolStick and Ethyl Chloride Spray for the Assessment of Sensory Block to Light Touch and Cold Before Caesarean Section Under Spinal or Combined Spinal-epidural Anaesthesia

The main aim of this study is to compare CoolStick to ethyl chloride spray for the assessment of light touch following neuraxial anaesthesia for caesarean delivery.
Coolstick and ethyl chloride will also be compared for the assessment of cold sensation.
Participants will also be asked whether they experienced any intraoperative pain.

Start Date01 Nov 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator

Barts & The London NHS Trust

CTRI/2024/07/070481

/ Not yet recruitingPhase 2/3IIT

A Randomised Study to Compare the Effectiveness of One Spray versus Two Sprays of Ethyl Chloride of Reducing Venepuncture Induced Pain in Patients requiring IV Cannulation Before Surgery under Anaesthesia at SMS Medical College, Jaipur - Nil

Start Date31 Jul 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator-

100 Clinical Results associated with Ethyl chloride

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100 Translational Medicine associated with Ethyl chloride

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100 Patents (Medical) associated with Ethyl chloride

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605

Literatures (Medical) associated with Ethyl chloride

02 Jan 2025·Clinical Toxicology

Ethyl chloride poisoning from inhalational misuse: clinical features and outcomes

Review

Author: Khoo, Shimona Q. X. ; Tan, You-Jiang ; Tan, Youhong

INTRODUCTIONEthyl chloride misuse remains a prevailing concern due to its accessibility, but detailed descriptions of the features of toxicity are limited to sporadic reports, resulting in knowledge gaps in their clinical features and diagnosis.OBJECTIVETo describe the clinical features, treatment, and outcomes of patients reported in the literature who developed toxicity from inhalational use of ethyl chloride.METHODSWe reviewed relevant literature over the past 50 years and analyzed the characteristics and outcomes of patients with toxicity from the inhalational use of ethyl chloride.RESULTSA total of 21 studies from 1979 to 2024 were identified, making available 22 patients for analysis. Their median age was 40 years (range 16-62 years), and there were more than four times as many males as females. Ethyl chloride-containing cleaning solvents (8/22, 36%) were most commonly used. Regular inhalation of ethyl chloride was documented in approximately two-thirds of the patients (14/22, 66%), with a median duration of five months of misuse (range 2-360 months). A large proportion of patients (15/22, 68%) inhaled ethyl chloride again within a week from the onset of toxicity. Although features of cerebellar dysfunction were very common at presentation (13/16, 81%), abnormalities on neuroimaging studies were rare. Death occurred in more than a quarter of cases (6/22, 27%), with patients either already deceased or dying shortly after. Half (3/6) of these deaths were directly attributable to the development of lethal cardiac dysrhythmias. Conversely, most survivors either improved or fully recovered within a few days to weeks (14/16, 88%), independent of their presenting symptoms, clinical signs, and the treatments they received.DISCUSSIONEthyl chloride users are likely young or middle-aged males, and clinical features of toxicity can range from transient neurological symptoms to cardiac dysrhythmias and death. The prominence of neurotoxicity may be attributed to the lipophilic nature of ethyl chloride and its tendency to accumulate in neural tissue, while cardiac dysrhythmias have been attributed to cardiac sensitization to catecholamines through ethyl chloride-induced inhibition of potassium, calcium, and sodium channels.CONCLUSIONSToxicity from the inhalational misuse of ethyl chloride should be considered in young or middle-aged males presenting with acute cerebellar dysfunction. We recommend that suspected cases undergo telemetric monitoring for 24 h, especially when tachycardia and/or palpitations are present, as deaths from lethal cardiac dysrhythmias are not uncommon.

01 Jan 2025·Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery

Topical Anesthesia in Cutaneous Head and Neck Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Article

Author: McHugh, Nathaniel ; O'Neill, Rory ; Affendi, Adrinda ; Skinner, Liam

AbstractObjectiveCutaneous head and neck surgery can safely and effectively be performed using local anesthetic (LA). However, optimizing pain management during LA administration is paramount for patient comfort and procedural efficacy. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the comparative effectiveness of EMLA cream and ethyl chloride (EC) spray in mitigating pain associated with LA administration in cutaneous head and neck surgery.Study DesignRandomized controlled trial.SettingUniversity‐affiliated tertiary head and neck oncology center.MethodsSample size calculation was performed followed by computer randomization into the following groups: EMLA, EMLA placebo (aqueous cream), EC, and a control group (no topical agent). Demographics, pain, and procedural experience scores were recorded perioperatively. Statistical analysis was performed to analyse differences between groups utilizing the Mann‐Whitney U test, Kruskall‐Wallis test, Chi‐square test, and Spearman's Rho.Results121 cutaneous lesions with a median patient age of 76 were analyzed. There were no statistically significant differences in pain scores (median [IQR]) between patients receiving EMLA (4 [3.75]), EMLA placebo (4.8 [3.6]), EC (5.8 [2.8]), and no treatment (5 [4.1], P = .19). Procedural experience scores were clinically similar (P = .02). Risk factors associated with elevated nociceptive sensitivity were surgical site (scalp, P = .01), malignant lesions (P < .01) and lesion surface area (rs = 0.22, P = .01).ConclusionEMLA and EC did not mitigate LA‐associated pain in patients undergoing cutaneous head and neck surgery and as such practitioners should reconsider their use of these in this regard. Patients' operative experience remains excellent regardless of topical anesthetic use.Level of EvidenceIb.

01 Jan 2025·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

Proteomic evaluation of pathways associated with phosphine-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and resistance mechanisms in Tribolium castaneum against phosphine fumigation: Whole and partial proteome identification

Article

Author: Kim, Donghyeon ; Lee, Sung-Eun

Phosphine (PH₃) fumigation is widely used to control insect pests in stored products globally. However, intensive PH₃ use has led to the emergence of significant resistance in target insects. To address this issue, this study investigated PH₃ resistance mechanisms by conducting both qualitative and quantitative proteomic analyses on the whole proteome of a PH₃-resistant Tribolium castaneum strain (AUS-07) using LC-MS/MS. Besides, proteins from both strains were separated in 1D-PAGE, and qualitatively analyzed using LC-MS/MS after in-gel digestion. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) with cut-off values (4-fold expression difference and p < 0.05) were selected, and 107 proteins were identified in the AUS-07 strain. Among them, several proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation were notably upregulated in response to PH₃ exposure. Upregulation of Complex I and III in the electron transport chain of the AUS-07 strain may lead to the excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the form of superoxide, which can damage Fe-S cluster-containing proteins such as cytochrome P450s (CYP450s). Upregulation of detoxifying enzymes, such as CYP450s and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), was observed, likely to repair superoxide-induced damage on CYP450s as well as quenching superoxide. Upregulation of aldose reductases involved in polyol pathways and downregulation of the trehalose transporter were observed, suggesting that PH₃-resistance may be linked to diapause-like physiological adaptations, including quiescence. Further studies are essential to quantify polyol levels in the AUS-07 strain and to conduct other molecular analyses to validate the roles of identified DEPs in PH₃ resistance. Altogether, our findings suggest a new control strategy to stored product insect pests by other type of fumigant such as ethyl formate with different molecular structure.

100 Deals associated with Ethyl chloride

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External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D04088	-	-	DB13259

R&D Status

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Pain	Phase 1	-	New York University School of Medicine	-

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Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT02587143 (CTgov)	Not Applicable	Pain \| Anesthesia	126	Alcohol (Control)	yfovzqugrl(ctewmpeyfi) = xjucuxgrfh iudslsqejd (encrskfnqj, agxemwxvdn - qemwnaceyf) View more	-	22 Jan 2020
				Ethyl chloride (Ethyl Chloride)	yfovzqugrl(ctewmpeyfi) = zuzljgvicg iudslsqejd (encrskfnqj, nyrgggtbva - ubacabewkw) View more
NCT03054740 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Pain	30	Gebauer Ethyl Chloride (Gebauer Ethyl Chloride)	xyyadqduaz(idgabolmhz) = tbrtszqjip zhszrmofks (qtnuxtlcnt, ebnljqveye - oxmdnwkbsx) View more	-	03 Oct 2018
				Nature's Tears (Nature's Tears)	xyyadqduaz(idgabolmhz) = ezgdlslqvl zhszrmofks (qtnuxtlcnt, ljjsqxbwbu - cumqrpxrjw) View more
NCT02592629 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Shoulder Pain	19	lidocaine+Kenalog (no Topical or Subcutaneous Anesthetic)	khovqcynuf(lrvqpzshig) = kjyikkqzcf jsindulcur (lnveoijwpn, shtjggnsch - mmkqjrkruq) View more	-	10 Sep 2018
				lidocaine+Kenalog (Subcutaneous Lidocaine)	khovqcynuf(lrvqpzshig) = ietbayhwdm jsindulcur (lnveoijwpn, cqljujzyde - imiawmftug) View more