West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne virus which in majority of cases causes only self-limited disease.
Despite that, in minority of cases (
0.5%) it can infect the brain and cause severe and even life-threatening disease (neuroinvasive disease).
Recent study has shown that up to 40% of WNV patients who develop neuroinvasive disease, have antibodies against Interferons (anti-Type I interferon autoantibodies), which neutralizes interferons, and could explain the development of severe disease.
The investigators therefore assume that early treatment with interferon beta (the type of interferon against which most patients do not have neutralizing antibodies) could prevent the development of severe neuroinvasive WNV disease.

Start Date14 Jul 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator

Rayner Intraocular Lenses Ltd.

NCT06053749 / Active, not recruitingNot Applicable

INFORM - Interferon-Beta Exposure in the 2nd and 3rd Trimester of Pregnancy - a Register-Based Drug Utilisation Study in Finland and Sweden

Observational data have suggested no increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with exposure to interferon-beta (IFNB) before or during pregnancy. After the emergence of these data, the European Medicines Agency approved a label change for IFNB in September 2019, stating that use of IFNB during pregnancy may be considered, if clinically needed. However, limited data on pregnancies exposed in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters were observed.
INFORM is a secondary use of data drug utilisation study (DUS) to determine late pregnancy exposure (i.e. during the 2nd and 3rd trimester) to IFNB in Finland and Sweden, which will inform whether the number of exposed pregnancies is adequate to conduct a cohort study on adverse pregnancy outcomes, with a focus on late pregnancy exposure.
The number of pregnancies will be initially reported three years after the revised label implementation (September 2019) and will include data on pregnancies from 1996 in Finland and from 2005 in Sweden up through 31 December 2022. If the number of pregnancies is deemed adequate for conducting the cohort study on adverse pregnancy outcomes, this DUS will be finalised with the drug utilisation data accrued up through 31 December 2022. If the number of pregnancies until 31 December 2022 is deemed inadequate, this study may be continued and the primary and secondary objectives may be examined five years after the revised label implementation, including pregnancies until 31 December 2024.

Start Date20 Mar 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator

Bayer AG

[+3]

NCT06019130 / RecruitingPhase 2IIT

Nivolumab in Combination With Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil as Induction Therapy in Children and Adults With EBV-positive Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

The purpose of this study is to assess whether the addition of the immune checkpoint inhibitor Nivolumab to induction chemotherapy will increase the percentage of patients with a complete response on MRI and PET after 3 cycles of induction therapy.

Start Date10 Jan 2023

Sponsor / Collaborator

Deutsche Krebshilfe gGmbH

100 Clinical Results associated with INTERFERON BETA-1A(Merck Serono SA)

100 Translational Medicine associated with INTERFERON BETA-1A(Merck Serono SA)

100 Patents (Medical) associated with INTERFERON BETA-1A(Merck Serono SA)

457

Literatures (Medical) associated with INTERFERON BETA-1A(Merck Serono SA)

01 Jun 2024·Neurology and Therapy

REBISTART: Adherence of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis to Treatment with Subcutaneous Interferon Beta in the Context of a Patient Support Program

Article

Author: Pöhlau, Dieter ; Grothe, Christoph ; Richter, Joachim ; Kallmann, Boris ; Eser, Anna-Katharina ; Schwab, Matthias ; Wagner, Torsten B ; Chan, Andrew

INTRODUCTIONTreatment adherence is a critical success factor in the disease-modifying therapy (DMT) of multiple sclerosis (MS). The REBISTART study prospectively evaluated adherence in patients using components of a patient support program (PSP).METHODSThe 12-month non-interventional multicenter study examined the real-world adherence to subcutaneously (sc) injected interferon beta-1a (Rebif^®). Patient-assessed adherence was measured by a visual analog scale (VAS) and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS). Objective adherence data were obtained by readouts from the RebiSmart^® injection device.RESULTSOf 333 patients, 70.9% used the nursing service as the core component of the PSP. Self-assessed VAS-based adherence was stable over time at 94.0-96.3%. Similarly, MMAS score (maximum 4) was 3.8-3.9 at all visits, also reflecting high self-assessed adherence. In 269 patients using the RebiSmart^® injection device, mean readout-based objective adherence was similarly high (93.0-98.4% throughout visits). At last available visit, VAS-based adherence was independent of participation in the PSP nursing service (93.1% with participation versus 91.7% without it). Adherence was also independent of injection method or disease-related measures, including fatigue, depression, cognition, and quality of life. The most frequent reason for the premature discontinuations (38.7% of patients) was "change of treatment" (10.0%).DISCUSSIONWe suggest that subgroups that may specifically benefit from PSP include patients who live alone, use multiple comedications, and are affected by cognitive impairment, depression, and/or fatigue. Further studies should investigate the potential usefulness of PSPs in these populations.CONCLUSIONSVery high adherence rates independent of the PSP nursing service over 1 year of treatment indicate that IFN beta-1a sc is an easy-to-use and well-tolerated disease-modifying drug.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERVfa.de: No. 892. https://www.vfa.de/de/arzneimittel-forschung/datenbanken-zu-arzneimitteln/nisdb/nis-details/_892 .

01 Apr 2024·Neurology and Therapy

Twenty Years of Subcutaneous Interferon-Beta-1a for Multiple Sclerosis: Contemporary Perspectives

Review

Author: Coyle, Patricia K ; Weinstock-Guttman, Bianca ; Galazka, Andrew ; Hellwig, Kerstin ; Markovic-Plese, Silva ; Korich, Julie ; Dangond, Fernando ; Wynn, Daniel ; Freedman, Mark S ; Singer, Barry ; Reder, Anthony T

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. Relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), the most common form of the disease, is characterized by transient neurological dysfunction with concurrent accumulation of disability. Over the past three decades, disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) capable of reducing the frequency of relapses and slowing disability worsening have been studied and approved for use in patients with RRMS. The first DMTs were interferon-betas (IFN-βs), which were approved in the 1990s. Among them was IFN-β-1a for subcutaneous (sc) injection (Rebif^®), which was approved for the treatment of MS in Europe and Canada in 1998 and in the USA in 2002. Twenty years of clinical data and experience have supported the efficacy and safety of IFN-β-1a sc in the treatment of RRMS, including pivotal trials, real-world data, and extension studies lasting up to 15 years past initial treatment. Today, IFN-β-1a sc remains an important therapeutic option in clinical use, especially around pregnancy planning and lactation, and may also be considered for aging patients, in which MS activity declines and long-term immunosuppression associated with some alternative therapies is a concern. In addition, IFN-β-1a sc is used as a comparator in many clinical studies and provides a framework for research into the mechanisms by which MS begins and progresses.

27 Aug 2023·Brain sciences

A Real-World Experience of Azathioprine Versus First-Line Disease-Modifying Therapy in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis-A Prospective Cohort Study.

Article

Author: Vishnu, Venugopalan Y ; Bhatia, Rohit ; Agrawal, Arpit ; Srivastava, M V Padma ; Singh, Mamta Bhushan ; Goyal, Vinay ; Prabhakar, Anuj

Azathioprine (AZA) has demonstrated efficacy in multiple randomized control trials (RCTs) for Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS). However, we still need comparative real-world data with other first-line disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). We aimed to assess AZA's effectiveness regarding relapses, disability progression, time to the first relapse, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) activity, and safety compared with other approved first-line DMTs in an Indian population in a real-world setting. We conducted a single-center prospective study of treatment-naive RRMS patients between 2017 and 2019. We evaluated the effects of AZA and other approved DMTs on clinical and radiological measures. Among 192 eligible patients (F:M ratio 2.84:1), 68 patients (35.4%) were on AZA, 68 patients (35.4%) were on dimethyl fumarate (DMF), 32 patients (16.7%) on interferon (IFN beta-1a), and 16 patients (8.3%) on teriflunomide (TFL). Four treatment groups were comparable: AZA v/s DMF v/s TFL v/s IFN beta-1a. In primary outcomes, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of change in the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score at three months (p-value = 0.169), six months (p-value = 0.303), 12 months (p-value = 0.082), and 24 months (p-value = 0.639), the number of relapses (p-value = 0.229), and time to the first relapse (p-value > 0.05 in all groups). In the secondary outcome, there was no significant difference between the treatment groups on serial MRI parameters used according to "Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis" (MAGNIMS) 2016 criteria (p-value > 0.05). In safety outcomes, leukopenia was significantly more common in the AZA group (p-value = 0.025), flu-like symptoms (p-value = 0.0001), and injection site reactions (p-value = 0.035) were significantly more common in the IFN beta-1a group. Our study suggests AZA is as effective as other approved DMTs and a good alternative as a first-line treatment for multiple sclerosis's clinical and radiological activity in real-world settings on short follow-up. Based on these results, more randomized controlled trials of AZA v/s DMF or other DMTs are needed for more robust outcomes.

News (Medical) associated with INTERFERON BETA-1A(Merck Serono SA)

29 Aug 2024

·www.businesswire.com

Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, Announces First Patient Dosed in Phase III Study of Oral Cladribine in Generalized Myasthenia Gravis (gMG)

DARMSTADT, Germany--( BUSINESS WIRE )--Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, a leading science and technology company, today announced the first patient has been dosed in the Phase III MyClad trial ( NCT06463587 ) evaluating the efficacy and safety of oral cladribine for the treatment of generalized Myasthenia Gravis (gMG). Cladribine capsules have the potential to be the first oral treatment for gMG patients. gMG is a rare, neuromuscular disorder causing muscle weakness that can be severe and have a significant impact on patients’ lives. Cladribine is expected to selectively target B and T lymphocytes. These cells are thought to be the root cause of gMG through the production of the harmful autoantibodies that drive inflammation at the connection points between nerves and muscles. This mechanism of action coupled with a short course oral dosing taken at home may ultimately slow the progression of the disease by targeting its underlying cause while diminishing treatment burden. “Given our extensive experience in addressing patients’ needs in immune-driven neurological conditions, we believe that cladribine capsules represent a highly differentiated potential therapeutic option for gMG,” said Jan Klatt, Head of Development Unit Neurology & Immunology for the Healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany. “This treatment approach holds the promise of achieving a high degree of disease activity control, offering greatly improved convenience, and ultimately enabling patients to live their lives as normally as possible.” MyClad is a global Phase III, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study designed to assess the efficacy and safety of cladribine capsules in 240 patients with gMG. About generalized Myasthenia Gravis Generalized Myasthenia Gravis (gMG) is a rare, chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue, impacting an estimated 700,000 people worldwide. The disease can strike anyone at any age but is more frequently seen in young women (age 20 to 30) and men aged 50 and older. In gMG, the communication between the nerves and the muscles, particularly at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), is disrupted causing muscle weakness. This can result in the loss of control in the eye muscles and a variable combination of the arms, legs, and respiratory muscles. The unpredictable severity and frequency of symptoms in gMG patients can be debilitating, significantly impacting various aspects of day-to-day life. All Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, press releases are distributed by e-mail at the same time they become available on the EMD Group website. In case you are a resident of the USA or Canada, please go to www.emdgroup.com/subscribe to register online, change your selection or discontinue this service. Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany in Neurology and Immunology Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany has a long-standing legacy in neurology and immunology, with significant R&D and commercial experience in multiple sclerosis (MS). The company’s current MS portfolio includes two products for the treatment of relapsing MS – Rebif ® (interferon beta-1a) and MAVENCLAD ® (cladribine) tablets. Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany aims to improve the lives of patients by addressing areas of unmet medical needs. In addition to Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany’s commitment to MS, the company also has a pipeline focusing on discovering new therapies that have potential in other neuroinflammatory and immune-mediated diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) and generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG). About Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, a leading science and technology company, operates across life science, healthcare and electronics. More than 64,000 employees work to make a positive difference to millions of people’s lives every day by creating more joyful and sustainable ways to live. From providing products and services that accelerate drug development and manufacturing as well as discovering unique ways to treat the most challenging diseases to enabling the intelligence of devices – the company is everywhere. In 2023, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, generated sales of € 21 billion in 65 countries. The company holds the global rights to the name and trademark “Merck” internationally. The only exceptions are the United States and Canada, where the business sectors of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, operate as MilliporeSigma in life science, EMD Serono in healthcare and EMD Electronics in electronics. Since its founding in 1668, scientific exploration and responsible entrepreneurship have been key to the company’s technological and scientific advances. To this day, the founding family remains the majority owner of the publicly listed company.

Phase 3Drug Approval

29 Aug 2024

·www.businesswire.com

Merck Announces First Patient Dosed in Phase III Study of Oral Cladribine in Generalized Myasthenia Gravis (gMG)

DARMSTADT, Germany--( BUSINESS WIRE )-- Not intended for UK-, US- or Canada-based media Merck, a leading science and technology company, today announced the first patient has been dosed in the Phase III MyClad trial ( NCT06463587 ) evaluating the efficacy and safety of oral cladribine for the treatment of generalized Myasthenia Gravis (gMG). Cladribine capsules have the potential to be the first oral treatment for gMG patients. gMG is a rare, neuromuscular disorder causing muscle weakness that can be severe and have a significant impact on patients’ lives. Cladribine is expected to selectively target B and T lymphocytes. These cells are thought to be the root cause of gMG through the production of the harmful autoantibodies that drive inflammation at the connection points between nerves and muscles. This mechanism of action coupled with a short course oral dosing taken at home may ultimately slow the progression of the disease by targeting its underlying cause while diminishing treatment burden. “Given our extensive experience in addressing patients’ needs in immune-driven neurological conditions, we believe that cladribine capsules represent a highly differentiated potential therapeutic option for gMG,” said Jan Klatt, Head of Development Unit Neurology & Immunology for the Healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany. “This treatment approach holds the promise of achieving a high degree of disease activity control, offering greatly improved convenience, and ultimately enabling patients to live their lives as normally as possible.” MyClad is a global Phase III, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study designed to assess the efficacy and safety of cladribine capsules in 240 patients with gMG. About generalized Myasthenia Gravis Generalized Myasthenia Gravis (gMG) is a rare, chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue, impacting an estimated 700,000 people worldwide. The disease can strike anyone at any age but is more frequently seen in young women (age 20 to 30) and men aged 50 and older. In gMG, the communication between the nerves and the muscles, particularly at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), is disrupted causing muscle weakness. This can result in the loss of control in the eye muscles and a variable combination of the arms, legs, and respiratory muscles. The unpredictable severity and frequency of symptoms in gMG patients can be debilitating, significantly impacting various aspects of day-to-day life. Merck in Neurology and Immunology Merck has a long-standing legacy in neurology and immunology, with significant R&D and commercial experience in multiple sclerosis (MS). The company’s current MS portfolio includes two products for the treatment of relapsing MS – Rebif ® (interferon beta-1a) and MAVENCLAD ® (cladribine) tablets. Merck aims to improve the lives of patients by addressing areas of unmet medical needs. In addition to Merck’s commitment to MS, the company also has a pipeline focusing on discovering new therapies that have potential in other neuroinflammatory and immune-mediated diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) and generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG). About Merck Merck, a leading science and technology company, operates across life science, healthcare and electronics. Around 63,000 employees work to make a positive difference to millions of people’s lives every day by creating more joyful and sustainable ways to live. From providing products and services that accelerate drug development and manufacturing as well as discovering unique ways to treat the most challenging diseases to enabling the intelligence of devices – the company is everywhere. In 2023, Merck generated sales of € 21 billion in 65 countries. Scientific exploration and responsible entrepreneurship have been key to Merck’s technological and scientific advances. This is how Merck has thrived since its founding in 1668. The founding family remains the majority owner of the publicly listed company. Merck holds the global rights to the Merck name and brand. The only exceptions are the United States and Canada, where the business sectors of Merck operate as MilliporeSigma in life science, EMD Serono in healthcare, and EMD Electronics in electronics. All Merck press releases are distributed by e-mail at the same time they become available on the Merck website. Please go to www.merckgroup.com/subscribe to register online, change your selection or discontinue this service.

Phase 3

28 Aug 2024

·www.merckgroup.com

Merck Announces First Patient Dosed in Phase III Study of Oral Cladribine in gMG

MyClad is a global Phase III study evaluating the efficacy and safety of cladribine capsules for the treatment of generalized Myasthenia Gravis (gMG) Cladribine capsules have the potential to be the first oral treatment for gMG patients gMG is a rare, chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder that results in muscle weakness in the eyes, mouth, throat, and limbs Merck, a leading science and technology company, today announced the first patient has been dosed in the Phase III MyClad trial ( NCT06463587 ) evaluating the efficacy and safety of oral cladribine for the treatment of generalized Myasthenia Gravis (gMG). Cladribine capsules have the potential to be the first oral treatment for gMG patients. gMG is a rare, neuromuscular disorder causing muscle weakness that can be severe and have a significant impact on patients’ lives. Cladribine is expected to selectively target B and T lymphocytes. These cells are thought to be the root cause of gMG through the production of the harmful autoantibodies that drive inflammation at the connection points between nerves and muscles. This mechanism of action coupled with a short course oral dosing taken at home may ultimately slow the progression of the disease by targeting its underlying cause while diminishing treatment burden. “Given our extensive experience in addressing patients’ needs in immune-driven neurological conditions, we believe that cladribine capsules represent a highly differentiated potential therapeutic option for gMG,” said Jan Klatt, Head of Development Unit Neurology & Immunology for the Healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany. “This treatment approach holds the promise of achieving a high degree of disease activity control, offering greatly improved convenience, and ultimately enabling patients to live their lives as normally as possible.” MyClad is a global Phase III, randomized, double-blind and placebo controlled study designed to assess the efficacy and safety of cladribine capsules in 240 patients with gMG. About generalized Myasthenia Gravis Generalized Myasthenia Gravis (gMG) is a rare, chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue, impacting an estimated 700,000 people worldwide. The disease can strike anyone at any age but is more frequently seen in young women (age 20 to 30) and men aged 50 and older. In gMG, the communication between the nerves and the muscles, particularly at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), is disrupted causing muscle weakness. This can result in the loss of control in the eye muscles and a variable combination of the arms, legs, and respiratory muscles. The unpredictable severity and frequency of symptoms in gMG patients can be debilitating, significantly impacting various aspects of day-to-day life. Merck in Neurology and Immunology Merck has a long-standing legacy in neurology and immunology, with significant R&D and commercial experience in multiple sclerosis (MS). The company’s current MS portfolio includes two products for the treatment of relapsing MS – Rebif ® (interferon beta-1a) and MAVENCLAD ® (cladribine) tablets. Merck aims to improve the lives of patients by addressing areas of unmet medical needs. In addition to Merck’s commitment to MS, the company also has a pipeline focusing on discovering new therapies that have potential in other neuroinflammatory and immune-mediated diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) and generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG). About Merck Merck, a leading science and technology company, operates across life science, healthcare and electronics. Around 63,000 employees work to make a positive difference to millions of people’s lives every day by creating more joyful and sustainable ways to live. From providing products and services that accelerate drug development and manufacturing as well as discovering unique ways to treat the most challenging diseases to enabling the intelligence of devices – the company is everywhere. In 2023, Merck generated sales of €21 billion in 65 countries. Scientific exploration and responsible entrepreneurship have been key to Merck’s technological and scientific advances. This is how Merck has thrived since its founding in 1668. The founding family remains the majority owner of the publicly listed company. Merck holds the global rights to the Merck name and brand. The only exceptions are the United States and Canada, where the business sectors of Merck operate as EMD Serono in healthcare, MilliporeSigma in life science and EMD Electronics. All Merck press releases are distributed by email at the same time they become available on the Merck website. Please go to www.merckgroup.com/subscribe to register online, change your selection or discontinue this service.

Phase 3Drug Approval

100 Deals associated with INTERFERON BETA-1A(Merck Serono SA)

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D04554	INTERFERON BETA-1A(Merck Serono SA)	L03AB07	DB00060

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Multiple Sclerosis	IS	Merck Europe BV	03 May 1998
Multiple Sclerosis	EU	Merck Europe BV	03 May 1998
Multiple Sclerosis	NO	Merck Europe BV	03 May 1998
Multiple Sclerosis	LI	Merck Europe BV	03 May 1998

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Multiple Sclerosis	Phase 1	TR	Merck KGaA	01 Nov 2006
Multiple Sclerosis	Phase 1	SA	Merck KGaA	01 Nov 2006
Multiple Sclerosis	Phase 1	MA	Merck KGaA	01 Nov 2006
Multiple Sclerosis	Phase 1	AU	Merck KGaA	01 Nov 2006
Multiple Sclerosis	Phase 1	RS	Merck KGaA	01 Nov 2006
Clinically isolated syndrome	Phase 1	CA	Merck KGaA	01 Oct 2005
Multiple sclerosis relapse	Phase 1	US	EMD Serono, Inc.	01 Jan 2005
Multiple Sclerosis	Preclinical	AR	Merck KGaA	01 Nov 2006
Multiple Sclerosis	Preclinical	LB	Merck KGaA	01 Nov 2006
Multiple Sclerosis	Preclinical	IL	Merck KGaA	01 Nov 2006

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT04860518 (HIBISCUS, CTgov)	Phase 2	COVID-19	7	IFN beta-1a (IV IFN Beta-1a)	huifrgwqku(yorlzqqxbf) = njgqnhbrwf rgfnjcltuk (tfuciepmdo, yhqozcldcd - jqpcbwinqz) View more	-	14 Oct 2022
				dexamethasone (IV Dexamethasone)	huifrgwqku(yorlzqqxbf) = smborgwovt rgfnjcltuk (tfuciepmdo, xnmssihova - djmmdbtsvx) View more
ECTRIMS2021	Not Applicable	Multiple Sclerosis	850	Betaferon®/Extavia®	(xelsajxfbc): HR = 3.28 (95% CI, 2.11 - 5.12)	Positive	12 Oct 2021
				Avonex®
NCT01247324, NCT01412333 (OPERA I, OPERA II, ECTRIMS2020)	Phase 3	Rhabdomyosarcoma	-	Ocrelizumab	zlzvwyddlv(ovzwndzaok) = vkawcnjnpl uvhwpowrxp (warryviqxb )	Positive	07 Dec 2020
				IFN β-1a	zlzvwyddlv(ovzwndzaok) = unhuwzmqjf uvhwpowrxp (warryviqxb )
NCT01247324/NCT01412333/NCT01194570 (OPERA I/II/ORATORIO, ECTRIMS2020)	Phase 3	-	-	Ocrelizumab	oxrofjatwm(xalszsnamg) = yndyjukenj czxmakedmw (ecfpwzwcur ) View more	Positive	07 Dec 2020
				Interferon β-1a	oxrofjatwm(xalszsnamg) = wsezwvrqwe czxmakedmw (ecfpwzwcur ) View more
NCT03387046 (INCREASE, CTgov)	Phase 2	Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting	7	D-aspartate+IFN beta-1a+Methylprednisolone (D-aspartate + IFN Beta-1a + Methylprednisolone)	onsxuisjzb(ziedzaplzg) = hhwwwswtch cupajwslin (cuzpnpzcjd, funeptpbva - avxnlnwzks) View more	-	10 Feb 2020
				Placebo+IFN beta-1a+Methylprednisolone (Placebo + IFN Beta-1a + Methylprednisolone)	onsxuisjzb(ziedzaplzg) = oadcwvkytv cupajwslin (cuzpnpzcjd, axvatbtnul - mfogtzpvvq) View more
PARADIGMS (ECTRIMS2019)	Phase 3	Multiple Sclerosis	-	Fingolimod 0.5 mg	auqqlcsddi(dhlesnnwon) = vahtwosiun aiugurdixz (iiwhnyzcxo ) View more	-	10 Sep 2019
				IFN β-1a	gjbphgqnka(ieophepdtc) = iuwousjxlw olqjjbfkey (whvwujlltb )
NCT01791244 (RebiQoL, Pubmed \| J Biol Chem)	Phase 4	Multiple Sclerosis	93	Rebif (MSP)	arccscxteu(obrhxllzeu): OR = 3.5 (95% CI, 0.85 - 14.4), P-Value = 0.08	Negative	01 Jan 2019
				Rebif (Technical support only)
NCT00441103 (IMPROVE, ECTRIMS2018)	Phase 3	Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting	-	Interferon beta-1a 44 mcg	gigqfoowhm(gjvasfgojr) = uzjefdmyzk pkuygxkeow (yszuckzvuo ) View more	Positive	09 Oct 2018
				Placebo	gigqfoowhm(gjvasfgojr) = dutcfgjads pkuygxkeow (yszuckzvuo ) View more
NCT00441103 (IMPROVE study, ECTRIMS2018)	Phase 3	Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting	-	IFN beta-1a 44 mcg	sfoxkunfxt(odjryfpyrx) = vewsicstby piggeomesf (xyrfgubpii )	-	09 Oct 2018
				Placebo	sfoxkunfxt(odjryfpyrx) = dqxkovuyug piggeomesf (xyrfgubpii )
NCT02064816 (RELIEF, CTgov)	Phase 4	Influenza-like symptoms \| Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting \| Multiple sclerosis relapse	200	Rebif (Rebif Morning Administration)	zldcrluofl(wyfkjqcnzt) = oxkllggeyh ougwyjdriz (jhesoozmxv, kwtjydfhjv - oowzsorvhi) View more	-	20 Sep 2018
				Rebif (Rebif Evening Administration)	zldcrluofl(wyfkjqcnzt) = atmqolnvhd ougwyjdriz (jhesoozmxv, mffopgzznn - bjkfbtgbyr) View more

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