Leuprorelin

NEW YORK--( BUSINESS WIRE )--Pfizer Inc. (NYSE: PFE) will present the latest results from its leading genitourinary (GU) portfolio at the American Society of Clinical Oncology Genitourinary (ASCO GU) Cancers Symposium taking place February 13-15 in San Francisco, California. Data from more than 20 company-sponsored, investigator-sponsored, and collaborative research abstracts, including five oral presentations, highlight advancements in developing new standards of care within prostate and bladder cancer across the company’s core scientific modalities, including small molecules and antibody-drug conjugates. “ Our long-standing commitment to the genitourinary cancer community has been foundational in our mission to transform the treatment landscapes for patients with bladder and prostate cancers,” said Karin Tollefson, Chief Oncology Medical Officer, Pfizer. “ Our strong presence at this year’s ASCO GU highlights the longer-term impacts of our approved leading medicines for patients in their respective indications. We are also looking forward to sharing updates from our rapidly growing pipeline of novel targets and combination approaches, which have the potential to help address the diverse needs of patients across various stages of disease.” Pfizer’s GU portfolio includes seven approved medicines across bladder, prostate, and kidney cancers, as well as a growing late-stage pipeline of scientific modalities and combination approaches. Key Pfizer presentations at ASCO GU include the detailed overall survival (OS) results from the Phase 3 TALAPRO-2 trial with TALZENNA ® (talazoparib) plus XTANDI ® (enzalutamide) in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), which will be featured in ASCO GU’s official Press Program . In addition, updated analysis from the Phase 3 global EV-302 study of PADCEV ® (enfortumab vedotin-ejfv) in combination with pembrolizumab in locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer (la/mUC) will be presented, highlighting the long-term efficacy benefits of the combination. From the pipeline, the first randomized progression-free survival (PFS) data from the ongoing Phase 1 dose-escalation study for mevrometostat plus XTANDI reinforce the potential of this investigational combination for patients with mCRPC. Additional pipeline presentations include updated data and real-world evidence for different types of bladder cancer, supporting the development of two potential transformative treatments, disitamab vedotin, an investigational antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), and sasanlimab, an investigational subcutaneous PD-1 blocker. Key ASCO GU Presentations Prostate Cancer TALZENNA plus XTANDI: Oral and poster presentations from the pivotal Phase 3 TALAPRO-2 trial of TALZENNA in combination with XTANDI will provide detailed results on the statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in OS in all-comers (cohort 1) as well as in those patients with homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene-mutated mCRPC (cohort 2), compared to XTANDI alone. TALZENNA in combination with XTANDI has been approved for use in over 35 countries globally for patients with certain types of mCRPC*. The OS results will be shared with global health authorities to potentially update the TALZENNA label. XTANDI: Six abstracts continue to underscore the benefit of XTANDI across its approved indications, including two posters highlighting follow-up analysis from the EMBARK trial of XTANDI in combination with leuprolide in patients with non-metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer with biochemical recurrence at high-risk for metastasis. Mevrometostat: The first randomized PFS results from the ongoing Phase 1 dose-expansion study examine the potential of mevrometostat (PF-06821497), an investigational selective inhibitor of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), in combination with XTANDI in patients with mCRPC, compared to XTANDI alone. Pfizer initiated two pivotal Phase 3 trials for mevrometostat plus XTANDI in 2024 and expects to start a Phase 3 study of mevrometostat plus XTANDI in first-line mCSPC during the first half of 2025. Bladder Cancer PADCEV: Long-term follow-up data from the groundbreaking Phase 3 EV-302 study of PADCEV in combination with pembrolizumab, including OS and safety data, continue to demonstrate consistent efficacy versus chemotherapy in a broad population, reinforcing the combination as standard of care in first-line treatment of la/muC. Disitamab vedotin: Updated efficacy and safety data from an ongoing Phase 2 study (sponsored by Remegen) evaluating the HER2-targeting ADC disitamab vedotin plus toripalimab show encouraging results as a perioperative regimen in HER2-expressing muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). These data add to the growing body of evidence supporting the continued development of disitamab vedotin across stages of bladder cancer. Sasanlimab: Three real-world evidence poster presentations highlight the need for advanced treatment options for patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), including presentations on Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) treatment patterns, impact of BCG shortages, and outcomes and treatment patterns in patients with high-risk NMIBC. Pfizer recently reported positive topline results for sasanlimab in combination with BCG as induction therapy with or without maintenance in patients with BCG- naïve, high-risk NMIBC. Detailed results from the Phase 3 CREST trial will be presented at an upcoming congress. Additional information on key Pfizer-sponsored abstracts at ASCO GU 2025, including date and time of presentation, follow in the chart below. A complete list of Pfizer-sponsored accepted abstracts is available here . *TALZENNA in combination with XTANDI was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of adult patients with HRR gene-mutated mCRPC in June 2023. Prostate Cancer Final overall survival (OS) with talazoparib (TALA) + enzalutamide (ENZA) as first-line treatment in unselected patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in the Phase 3 TALAPRO-2 trial (Abstract #LBA18) Agarwal, N Oral Abstract Session Thursday, February 13, 11:42 AM – 11:52 AM EST Presentation Time: 8:42 AM – 8:52 AM PST Final overall survival (OS) with talazoparib (TALA) + enzalutamide (ENZA) as first-line (1L) treatment in patients (pts) with homologous recombination repair (HRR)-deficient metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in the Phase 3 TALAPRO-2 trial (Abstract #LBA141) Fizazi, K Poster Session Thursday, February 13, 2:25 PM – 3:45 PM EST Presentation Time: 11:25 AM – 12:45 PM PST Mevrometostat (PF-06821497), an enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) inhibitor, in combination with enzalutamide in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): A randomized dose-expansion study (Abstract #LBA138) Schweizer, MT Rapid Oral Abstract Session Thursday, February 13, 8:25 PM – 8:30 PM EST Presentation Time: 5:25 PM – 5:30 PM PST Bladder Cancer EV-302: Updated analysis from the phase 3 global study of enfortumab vedotin in combination with pembrolizumab (EV+P) vs chemotherapy (chemo) in previously untreated locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC) (Abstract #664) Powles, TB Rapid Oral Abstract Session Friday, February 14, 7:10 PM – 7:15 PM EST Presentation Time: 4:10 PM – 4:15 PM PST Neoadjuvant treatment with disitamab vedotin plus perioperative toripalimab in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) with HER2 expression: Updated efficacy and safety results from the phase II RC48-C017 trial (Abstract #665) Sheng, X Oral Abstract Session Friday, February 14, 11:57 AM – 12:07 PM EST Presentation Time: 8:57 AM – 9:07 AM PST About Pfizer Oncology At Pfizer Oncology, we are at the forefront of a new era in cancer care. Our industry-leading portfolio and extensive pipeline includes three core mechanisms of action to attack cancer from multiple angles, including small molecules, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and bispecific antibodies, including other immune-oncology biologics. We are focused on delivering transformative therapies in some of the world’s most common cancers, including breast cancer, genitourinary cancer, hematology-oncology, and thoracic cancers, which includes lung cancer. Driven by science, we are committed to accelerating breakthroughs to help people with cancer live better and longer lives. Prescribing Information for Pfizer Medicines Please read full Prescribing Information for TALZENNA ® (talazoparib) Please read full Prescribing Information for XTANDI ® (enzalutamide) Please read full Prescribing Information , including BOXED WARNING, for PADCEV ® (enfortumab vedotin-ejfv) About Pfizer: Breakthroughs That Change Patients’ Lives At Pfizer, we apply science and our global resources to bring therapies to people that extend and significantly improve their lives. We strive to set the standard for quality, safety, and value in the discovery, development, and manufacture of healthcare products, including innovative medicines and vaccines. Every day, Pfizer colleagues work across developed and emerging markets to advance wellness, prevention, treatments, and cures that challenge the most feared diseases of our time. Consistent with our responsibility as one of the world's premier innovative biopharmaceutical companies, we collaborate with healthcare providers, governments, and local communities to support and expand access to reliable, affordable healthcare around the world. For 175 years, we have worked to make a difference for all who rely on us. We routinely post information that may be important to investors on our website at www.Pfizer.com . In addition, to learn more, please visit us on www.Pfizer.com and follow us on X at @Pfizer and @Pfizer_News , LinkedIn , YouTube , and like us on Facebook at www.facebook.com/Pfizer/ . Disclosure notice The information contained in this release is as of January 28, 2025. Pfizer assumes no obligation to update forward-looking statements contained in this release as the result of new information or future events or developments. This release contains forward-looking information about Pfizer Oncology and Pfizer’s oncology pipeline, in-line products and product candidates, including XTANDI ® (enzalutamide), TALZENNA ® (talazoparib), PADCEV ® (enfortumab vedotin-ejfv), mevrometostat, disitamab vedotin and sasanlimab, including their potential benefits, that involves substantial risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such statements. Risk and uncertainties include, among other things, uncertainties regarding the commercial success of Pfizer’s oncology products and product candidates; the uncertainties inherent in research and development, including the ability to meet anticipated clinical endpoints, commencement and/or completion dates for our clinical trials, regulatory submission dates, regulatory approval dates and/or launch dates, as well as the possibility of unfavorable new clinical data and further analyses of existing clinical data; risks associated with interim and preliminary data; the risk that clinical trial data are subject to differing interpretations and assessments by regulatory authorities; whether regulatory authorities will be satisfied with the design of and results from our clinical studies; whether and when any applications may be filed with any regulatory authorities in any jurisdictions for any potential indication for Pfizer’s product candidates; whether and when any such applications that may be pending or filed for any of Pfizer’s product candidates may be approved by regulatory authorities, which will depend on myriad factors, including making a determination as to whether the product's benefits outweigh its known risks and determination of the product's efficacy and, if approved, whether any such product candidates will be commercially successful; decisions by regulatory authorities impacting labeling, manufacturing processes, safety and/or other matters that could affect the availability or commercial potential of Pfizer’s products or product candidates; uncertainties regarding the impact of COVID-19 on Pfizer’s business, operations and financial results; and competitive developments. A further description of risks and uncertainties can be found in Pfizer’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, and in its subsequent reports on Form 10-Q, including in the sections thereof captioned “Risk Factors” and “ Forward-Looking Information and Factors That May Affect Future Results”, as well as in its subsequent reports on Form 8-K, all of which are filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and available at www.sec.gov and www.pfizer.com .

This article will inventory the anti-tumor targets in the GPCR family and the therapeutic drugs that have been marketed. 01 GnRHRGonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor is a member of the seven-transmembrane GPCR (G protein-coupled receptor) family. It is expressed on the surface of pituitary gonadotropin cells, as well as lymphocytes, mammary glands, ovaries, and prostates. Upon binding with gonadotropin-releasing hormone, the receptor associates with G proteins that activate the phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Activation of the receptor ultimately leads to the release of gonadotropins: luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Leuprolide (Leuprorelin) is a synthetic analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) developed by Takeda Pharmaceuticals, commonly used for treating certain types of hormone-dependent cancers, such as prostate and breast cancers, as well as non-cancerous conditions like endometriosis, uterine fibroids, and certain types of infertility. Leuprolide mimics the natural GnRH signals in the brain, initially causing a transient increase in hormone levels, followed by suppression of hormone production, thereby reducing symptoms and growth of these hormone-dependent diseases. Leuprolide is an injectable, administered via subcutaneous or intramuscular injection. Due to its control over hormone levels, Leuprolide is also used in treating precocious puberty in children. Additionally, GnRH analogues such as Goserelin developed by AstraZeneca, Buserelin by Sanofi, Nafarelin by Pfizer, and Gonadorelin by Mitsubishi Tanabe are all agnostic drugs of the GnRHR type. In recent years, antagonist drugs targeting GnRHR have also been reported for the treatment of certain hormone-dependent diseases. For instance: Degarelix is a GnRH receptor antagonist developed by Ferring Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of prostate cancer. It is also the first antagonist drug targeting the GnRHR globally, inhibiting the production of sex hormones (such as testosterone) by blocking the GnRH receptor, thereby suppressing the growth of prostate cancer cells. It is typically administered as an injection, rapidly reducing testosterone levels to castration levels. Ferring Pharmaceuticals subsequently licensed the commercial rights for Degarelix to Astellas and Pfizer. Relugolix is another GnRH receptor antagonist used for treating advanced prostate cancer. It also works by blocking the GnRH receptor and lowering sex hormone levels. Relugolix is also under investigation for the treatment of uterine fibroids and endometriosis. Relugolix was originally developed by Takeda Pharmaceuticals and is the first small molecule drug globally targeting the GnRH receptor. Linzagolix is an oral GnRH receptor antagonist for the treatment of various hormone-dependent diseases including endometriosis and uterine fibroids. Linzagolix has been approved in the European Union and the UK for treating moderate to severe symptoms associated with uterine fibroids. 02 SSTRThe Somatostatin Receptor Type (SSTR) belongs to the GPCR (G-protein-coupled receptor) family and comprises five subtypes (SSTR1-SSTR5). SSTRs play a critical role in the endocrine and nervous systems and are potential targets for the treatment of multiple diseases, particularly neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Somatostatin (SST) is the natural ligand for SSTRs, and cortistatin (CST) is a neuropeptide that also binds with high affinity to all subtypes of SSTRs. Due to the high sequence homology between different SSTR subtypes, developing drugs that can selectively modulate specific subtypes presents a challenge, but this is essential for minimizing off-target effects. In targeted SSTR therapies, peptide radioligand therapies represent a significant research focus. For instance, Novartis's (177Lu)Lutathera, a peptide radioligand therapy targeting SSTR2, has been approved for the treatment of adult patients with SSTR-positive gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The illustration below shows the differential tissue distribution of various SSTRs. Exploring dual-target drugs is an innovative direction, where the advantage of bi-targeted radiopharmaceuticals lies in the potential synergistic effects between the two targets, thereby enhancing safety and efficacy. Radiopharmaceutical development is exploring new indications such as pancreatic cancer, renal cancer, stomach cancer, thyroid cancer, lung cancer, and Parkinson's disease to broaden the therapeutic spectrum. Somatostatin is a polypeptide hormone composed of 14 amino acid residues, including a single disulfide bond. This hormone inhibits the secretion of growth hormone, insulin, glucagon, gastrin, pancreatic enzymes, and thyrotropin. However, due to its very short half-life in the body (less than 3 minutes), its therapeutic value is limited. Research on the β-turn pharmacophore of somatostatin has led to the development of more biologically stable and potent analogs. Octreotide was developed based on this lead sequence and approved for treating acromegaly, adenomas, and pancreatic, breast, and prostate tumors. DOI: 10.3390/molecules25174012 Subsequent research has pushed the development of selective receptor antagonists such as lanreotide, vapreotide, and pasireotide, and has introduced peptide imaging and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. In these radiological therapies, radioactive elements like 111In, 90Y, 68Ga, or 99mTc are linked to selective somatostatin analogs through chelating groups, which led to the approval of radiopharmaceutical preparations such as 111In-labeled pentetreotide, 99mTc-labeled depreotide, 68Ga-labeled DOTA-TATE and DOTA-TOC, and 64Cu-labeled DOTA-TATE. These drugs are used for tumor detection. Several synthetic peptides and radiopharmaceuticals targeting SSTRs have been approved for market, with representative drugs including: Octreotide, developed by Novartis as a synthetic octapeptide somatostatin analog, is an SSTR agonist. Clinically, it is primarily used to treat conditions such as acromegaly, thyrotoxicosis, gastrointestinal fistulas, and symptoms and signs associated with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Octreotide inhibits the secretion of growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, insulin, and glucagon by binding to SSTRs, especially subtypes SSTR2 and SSTR5. Pentetreotide is another synthetic octapeptide that, unlike Octreotide, forms the radioactive drug 111In-pentetreotide by binding to the radiolabeled isotope Indium-111 via the chelator DTPA. This compound enables the use of Pentetreotide in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging to detect tumors expressing SSTRs. It has a relatively fast renal clearance rate, offering a significant advantage over the first-generation [123I-Tyr3]-octreotide, a radioactive iodine-labeled octapeptide somatostatin analog. However, it has shortcomings, such as the need for a high tumor/noise intensity ratio, lower imaging resolution, medium affinity for receptors, and high γ-energy, which results in a higher radiation dose to patients. 111In-pentetreotide Lanreotide is a synthetic somatostatin analog, belonging to octapeptide derivatives. It has structural and functional similarities to Octreotide, but with different pharmacokinetic properties that make it a long-acting somatostatin analog. Gallium Dotatate Ga-68, developed by Advanced Accelerator Applications, is a radioactive diagnostic agent that uses DOTA to chelate Gallium-68 for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, mainly targeting neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) expressing somatostatin receptors. The three radioactive drugs differ slightly in pharmacokinetic properties, primarily due to variations in affinity for specific receptor subtypes. [68Ga]-DOTATATE specifically binds to SSTR2, indicating its primary interaction with this receptor subtype; [68Ga]-DOTATOC has high affinity for SSTR2 and moderate affinity for SSTR5; while [68Ga]-DOTANOC shows high affinity for SSTR2, SSTR3, and SSTR5, making it a broad-target drug for multiple receptor subtypes. Lutetium Lu-177 dotatate, another therapeutic radiopharmaceutical developed by Advanced Accelerator Applications, targets tumor cells by binding to SSTR, particularly SSTR2 subtype. This binding allows the radioactive isotope Lutetium-177 to emit β-particles, thereby killing tumor cells. Yttrium-90 (a pure high-energy β-emitter with a half-life T1/2 = 64 hours) and Lutetium-177 (a moderate energy β-emitter with a half-life T1/2 = 6.7 days) are the most commonly used elements in peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. Each has specific advantages for targeted therapy. 90Y has higher particle energy and penetration, useful for treating larger tumors, while 177Lu, emitting lower-energy radiation, is better suited for smaller tumors. Additionally, its γ-radiation energy allows for scintigraphy scanning and dose determination during therapy. The image above shows [68Ga]-DOTATOC (commercial name Somakit®) and [177Lu]-DOTATATE (commercial name Lutatherav®), which are used to treat patients with progressive metastatic midgut neuroendocrine tumors. In October 2017, Novartis acquired French innovator Advanced Accelerator Applications for $3.9 billion to build and expand its radioligand therapy platform. In 2018, Novartis further invested $2.1 billion to acquire the biopharmaceutical company Endocyte, gaining more radiopharmaceutical candidates. Through these acquisitions, Novartis has established and expanded its radioligand therapy platform, holding several marketed products like Lutathera (177Lu-DOTATATE) and 68Ga-Edotreotide, along with many in development, including 177Lu-PSMA-617, 177Lu-PSMA-R2, 177Lu-NeoB, 177Lu-FF58, and 255Ac-PSMA-617. According to the Synapse database, multiple drugs targeting SSTRs or selectively targeting different SSTR subtypes are approved for the market or are in clinical research, with radiopharmaceuticals and diagnostics focusing on this target being particularly noteworthy. How to obtain the latest research advancements in the field of biopharmaceuticals? In the Synapse database, you can keep abreast of the latest research and development advances in drugs, targets, indications, organizations, etc., anywhere and anytime, on a daily or weekly basis. Click on the image below to embark on a brand new journey of drug discovery!