A placebo-controlled trial in which male and female outpatients with an opioid use disorder who express interest in extended-release injectable naltrexone (XR-NTX) are randomized 1:1 to lofexidine/pregabalin or lofexidine/pregabalin placebo for withdrawal management and offered XR-NTX if after completing withdrawal.

Start Date01 Jan 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator

University of Pennsylvania

NCT05027919 / RecruitingPhase 2IIT

Assessing a Clinically-meaningful Opioid Withdrawal Phenotype

Evaluate individual differences in the expression of opioid withdrawal symptoms in persons with opioid use disorder (OUD) while completing a clinically-indicated medication taper.

Start Date01 Feb 2022

Sponsor / Collaborator

The Johns Hopkins University

[+1]

NCT04360681 / RecruitingPhase 2IIT

Lofexidine Combined With Buprenorphine for Reducing Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Opioid Use Relapse in Veterans

The overall objective of the proposed study is to determine if lofexidine (LFX) as an adjunct to buprenorphine (BUP) treatment improves symptoms of both opioid use disorder (OUD) and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Other study objectives are to compare the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of BUP treatment alone, to BUP treatment with adjunct LFX, on measures of OUD and PTSD symptoms in Veterans with both prognosis .

Start Date09 Mar 2021

Sponsor / Collaborator

Research Triangle Institute

[+3]

100 Clinical Results associated with Lofexidine Hydrochloride

100 Translational Medicine associated with Lofexidine Hydrochloride

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Lofexidine Hydrochloride

283

Literatures (Medical) associated with Lofexidine Hydrochloride

01 Mar 2024·Neuropharmacology

Impacts of xylazine on fentanyl demand, body weight, and acute withdrawal in rats: A comparison to lofexidine

Article

Author: Sadek, Safiyah M ; Dunn, Kelly E ; Khatri, Shailesh N ; Kipp, Zachary ; Gipson, Cassandra D ; Stoops, William W ; Hinds, Terry D ; Beckmann, Joshua S

The opioid use landscape has recently shifted to include xylazine, a veterinary anesthetic, as an adulterant in the fentanyl supply. The health impacts of xylazine as an emerging fentanyl adulterant has raised alarm regarding xylazine as a public health threat, warranting research on the impacts of xylazine on fentanyl's behavioral effects. No prior studies have evaluated the effects of xylazine on fentanyl consumption at various unit doses, fentanyl demand, or withdrawal as compared to the Food and Drug Administration-approved opioid withdrawal medication, lofexidine (Lucemyra®). This is important because lofexidine and xylazine are both adrenergic α2a (A2aR) agonists, however, lofexidine is not a noted fentanyl adulterant. Here we evaluated xylazine and lofexidine combined with self-administered fentanyl doses in male and female rats and evaluated fentanyl demand, body weight, and acute withdrawal. Consumption of fentanyl alone increased at various unit doses compared to saline. Xylazine but not lofexidine shifted fentanyl consumption downward at a number of unit doses, however, both lofexidine and xylazine suppressed fentanyl demand intensity as compared to a fentanyl alone control group. Further, both fentanyl + lofexidine and fentanyl + xylazine reduced behavioral signs of fentanyl withdrawal immediately following SA, but signs increased by 12 h only in the xylazine co-exposed group. Weight loss occurred throughout fentanyl SA and withdrawal regardless of group, although the xylazine group lost significantly more weight during the first 24 h of withdrawal than the other two groups. Severity of weight loss during the first 24 h of withdrawal was also correlated with severity of somatic signs of fentanyl withdrawal. Together, these results suggest that body weight loss may be an important indicator of withdrawal severity during acute withdrawal from the xylazine/fentanyl combination, warranting further translational evaluation.

01 Feb 2024·Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior

Cold nociception as a measure of hyperalgesia during spontaneous heroin withdrawal in mice

Article

Author: Frye, Emma V ; Marchette, Renata C N ; Carlson, Erika R ; Vendruscolo, Leandro F ; Hastings, Lyndsay E ; Chuong, Vicky ; Matthews, Aniah N ; Koob, George F

Opioids are powerful analgesic drugs that are used clinically to treat pain. However, chronic opioid use causes compensatory neuroadaptations that result in greater pain sensitivity during withdrawal, known as opioid withdrawal-induced hyperalgesia (OWIH). Cold nociception tests are commonly used in humans, but preclinical studies often use mechanical and heat stimuli to measure OWIH. Thus, further characterization of cold nociception stimuli is needed in preclinical models. We assessed three cold nociception tests-thermal gradient ring (5-30 °C, 5-50 °C, 15-40 °C, and 25-50 °C), dynamic cold plate (4 °C to -1 °C at -1 °C/min, -1 °C to 4 °C at +1 °C/min), and stable cold plate (10 °C, 6 °C, and 2 °C)-to measure hyperalgesia in a mouse protocol of heroin dependence. On the thermal gradient ring, mice in the heroin withdrawal group preferred warmer temperatures, and the results depended on the ring's temperature range. On the dynamic cold plate, heroin withdrawal increased the number of nociceptive responses, with a temperature ramp from 4 °C to -1 °C yielding the largest response. On the stable cold plate, heroin withdrawal increased the number of nociceptive responses, and a plate temperature of 2 °C yielded the most significant increase in responses. Among the three tests, the stable cold plate elicited the most robust change in behavior between heroin-dependent and nondependent mice and had the highest throughput. To pharmacologically characterize the stable cold plate test, we used μ-opioid and non-opioid receptor-targeting drugs that have been previously shown to reverse OWIH in mechanical and heat nociception assays. The full μ-opioid receptor agonist methadone and μ-opioid receptor partial agonist buprenorphine decreased OWIH, whereas the preferential μ-opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone increased OWIH. Two N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonists (ketamine, MK-801), a corticotropin-releasing factor 1 receptor antagonist (R121919), a β₂-adrenergic receptor antagonist (butoxamine), an α₂-adrenergic receptor agonist (lofexidine), and a 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonist (ondansetron) had no effect on OWIH. These data demonstrate that the stable cold plate at 2 °C yields a robust, reliable, and concise measure of OWIH that is sensitive to opioid agonists.

03 Sep 2023·The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse

Open label trial of lofexidine-assisted non-opioid induction onto naltrexone extended-release injection for opioid use disorder

Article

Author: Brezing, Christina ; Alschuler, Daniel M ; Pavlicova, Martina ; Mariani, John J ; Mahony, Amy L ; Brooks, Daniel J ; Levin, Frances R ; Naqvi, Nasir H ; Basaraba, Cale

Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) continues to be major public health problem in the US and innovative medication strategies are needed. The extended-release injectable formulation of naltrexone (ER-NTX), an opioid receptor antagonist, is an effective treatment for OUD, but the need for an opioid-free period during the induction phase of treatment is a barrier to treatment success, particularly in the outpatient setting. Lofexidine, an alpha-2-adrenergic agonist, is an effective treatment for opioid withdrawal.Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and tolerability of lofexidine for facilitating induction onto ER-NTX in the management of OUD.Methods: In an open-label, uncontrolled, 10-week outpatient clinical trial, 20 adults (four women) with OUD were treated with a fixed-flexible dosing strategy (maximum 0.54 mg 4×/daily) of lofexidine for up to 10 days to manage opioid withdrawal prior to receiving ER-NTX. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a modification of the study methods after enrolling 10 participants who attended all visits in person. The second group of 10 participants attended most induction period visits remotely.Results: Overall, 10 of the 20 participants (50%) achieved the primary outcome by receiving the first ER-NTX injection. Rates of induction success did not differ by the presence of fentanyl or remote visit attendance, although the small sample size provided limited statistical power. Six out of 20 participants (30%) initiated on lofexidine required dose adjustments. There were no study-related serious adverse events.Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence supporting the feasibility of inducting individuals with OUD onto ER-NTX using lofexidine.

News (Medical) associated with Lofexidine Hydrochloride

06 Nov 2023

·www.globenewswire.com

BioXcel Therapeutics Announces Update on NIDA-funded Trial of BXCL501 (sublingual dexmedetomidine) for Potential Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder (OUD)

Columbia University-led trial expected to add fourth site to target completion of 4-arm, 160-patient trial in 2024 Fentanyl adulterated or associated with xylazine (FAAX) designated an emerging threat by the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy1 Company to seek FDA feedback on potential registrational paths NEW HAVEN, Conn., Nov. 06, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- BioXcel Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: BTAI), a biopharmaceutical company utilizing artificial intelligence to develop transformative medicines in neuroscience, today announced an update on the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)-funded trial evaluating BXCL501 (sublingual dexmedetomidine) as a potential treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). BioXcel Therapeutics is supplying BXCL501 for an ongoing 4-arm, 160-patient trial that is enrolling patients who have been predominantly exposed to fentanyl and/or predominantly exposed to fentanyl adulterated or associated with xylazine (FAAX), which has been designated an emerging threat by the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy1. NIDA has requested Columbia University, the trial coordinator, to add a fourth site to target trial completion in 2024. After this time, BioXcel Therapeutics plans to seek FDA feedback on potential registrational paths.* According to NIDA, xylazine has been linked to an increasing number of overdose deaths nationwide in the evolving drug addiction and overdose crisis. Studies show people exposed to xylazine often knowingly or unknowingly used it in combination with other drugs, particularly illicit fentanyl.2 Recently, the Biden administration requested $46 billion in its fiscal 2024 National Drug Control Budget3 to address the opioid epidemic, while opioid settlements reached between U.S. state and local governments and the 14 major pharmaceutical opioid manufacturers, distributors, and retailers have aggregated between $51 billion and nearly $55 billion.4 “We have long known that the locus coeruleus drives various opioid withdrawal symptoms5 but have lacked access to a sublingual formulation of dexmedetomidine, one of the most potent and selective alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonists available, as a treatment option,” said Dr. Sandra Comer, Principal Investigator of the trial and Professor of Neurobiology in the Department of Psychiatry at Columbia University. “With BXCL501, we are excited about the potential to treat patients who are physically dependent on illicit and prescription opioids. We believe dexmedetomidine might be particularly helpful in treating withdrawal symptoms in patients who are dependent on fentanyl and/or fentanyl adulterated with xylazine.” Between June 2020 and January 2021, Columbia University enrolled patients in the Company’s RELEASE trial — a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, ascending-dose Phase 1b/2 trial designed to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and efficacy of BXCL501 administered twice daily for seven days — in patients experiencing opioid withdrawal symptoms. In March 2021, BioXcel Therapeutics announced RELEASE topline results. BXCL501 was generally well tolerated, with no severe or serious adverse events reported across all doses evaluated (30 mcg, 60 mcg, 90 mcg, 120 mcg, 180 mcg, and 240 mcg). After further post-hoc analysis, a peer-review article published in the American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse in January 2023 6 reported that the 240 mcg BID dose (480 mcg per day) was well tolerated, demonstrated statistically significant reduction in both Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS) and Subjective Opiate Withdrawal Scale (SOWS), and demonstrated a greater completion of treatment among enrolled patients, 87% of whom had been exposed to fentanyl. In August 2022, the Company announced an NIH NIDA grant to Columbia University to support further studies of BXCL501 for the treatment of OUD. “While BXCL501 has already demonstrated statistical significance in patients exposed to fentanyl, this current study has a high proportion of patients exposed to FAAX and is comparing 180 mcg and 240 mcg BID doses to both placebo and the standard of care, lofexidine,” said Robert Risinger, M.D., Chief Medical Officer, Neuroscience of BioXcel Therapeutics. “BXCL501 is one of the only potential treatments being studied in this patient population and represents an important potential option to help address the growing OUD crisis.” The BXCL501 OUD trial is supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under award number UG3DA056247. *In 2017, the U.S. federal government determined that a public health emergency under the Public Health Service Act for the opioid crisis existed, and this determination was recently renewed for 90 days in September 2023, although such public health emergency is independent from any public health emergency determined under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. A separate determination under the act has not been issued and would be a prerequisite for FDA to declare that circumstances exist justifying emergency use of drugs to address the public health emergency, which must occur before FDA is authorized to issue emergency use authorizations for OUD drugs. The Company may consider advocating for such determination under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as well as a declaration from the government that drugs targeting OUD are eligible for the emergency use authorization path to market, though they are not currently permitted under the law to be authorized pursuant to this pathway today. Government-Supported Investigator-Initiated Trial Programs for BXCL501 and Commercialization OpportunitiesBioXcel Therapeutics has retained all rights to the commercialization of BXCL501 in all potential indications evaluated in clinical trials supported by the U.S. government. In addition to OUD as an indication, BioXcel Therapeutics has been awarded key opportunities for the development of BXCL501 in post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol use disorder. These are being funded through cooperative agreements with the U.S. Department of Defense Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program and NIDA. Clinical and regulatory responsibilities are being led by clinical researchers and regulatory staff at Columbia University New York State Psychiatric Institute, the Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, Yale University Medical School, RTI International, and NIDA. About BXCL501In indications other than those approved by the FDA as IGALMI™, BXCL501 is an investigational proprietary, orally dissolving film formulation of dexmedetomidine, a selective alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist. BioXcel Therapeutics believes that BXCL501 potentially targets an important mediator of agitation, and the Company has observed anti-agitation results in multiple clinical studies across several neuropsychiatric disorders. BXCL501 is under investigation by BioXcel Therapeutics for the acute treatment of agitation associated with dementia due to probable Alzheimer’s disease and for the acute treatment of agitation associated with bipolar I or II disorder or schizophrenia in the at-home setting. The safety and efficacy of BXCL501 for these investigational uses have not been established. BXCL501 has been granted Breakthrough Therapy designation for the acute treatment of agitation associated with dementia and Fast Track designation for the acute treatment of agitation associated with schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and dementia. About BioXcel Therapeutics, Inc. BioXcel Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: BTAI) is a biopharmaceutical company utilizing artificial intelligence to develop transformative medicines in neuroscience. The Company’s drug re-innovation approach leverages existing approved drugs and/or clinically validated product candidates together with big data and proprietary machine learning algorithms to identify new therapeutic indications. For more information, please visit bioxceltherapeutics.com. Forward-Looking Statements This press release includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements contained in this press release other than statements of historical fact should be considered forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, statements regarding: expected timing of, trial design and data results from, clinical trials of BXCL501, the potential addressable market for BXCL501, potential registrational paths and potential advocating activities relating to BXCL501, the potential for BXCL501 to treat opioid withdrawal symptoms and potential benefits of such treatment. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “designed,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “goal,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, though not all forward-looking statements use these words or expressions. In addition, any statements or information that refer to expectations, beliefs, plans, projections, objectives, performance or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward- looking. All forward-looking statements are based upon the Company’s current expectations and various assumptions. The Company believes there is a reasonable basis for its expectations and beliefs, but they are inherently uncertain. The Company may not realize its expectations, and its beliefs may not prove correct. Actual results could differ materially from those described or implied by such forward-looking statements as a result of various important factors, including, without limitation, its limited operating history; risks associated with the strategic reprioritization; its limited experience in drug discovery and drug development; its dependence on the success and commercialization of IGALMI™, BXCL501, BXCL502, BXCL701 and BXCL702 and other product candidates; its lack of experience in marketing and selling drug products; the risk that IGALMI or the Company’s product candidates may not be accepted by physicians or the medical community in general; undesirable side effects caused by the Company’s product candidates; its exposure to patent infringement lawsuits; its reliance on third parties; its ability to comply with the extensive regulations applicable to it; its ability to commercialize its product candidates; and the other important factors discussed under the caption “Risk Factors” in its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023, which are accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. These and other important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by the forward-looking statements made in this press release. Any such forward-looking statements represent management’s estimates as of the date of this press release. While the Company may elect to update such forward-looking statements at some point in the future, except as required by law, it disclaims any obligation to do so, even if subsequent events cause our views to change. These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing the Company’s views as of any date subsequent to the date of this press release. Contact Information Corporate BioXcel TherapeuticsErik Kopp1.203.494.7062ekopp@bioxceltherapeutics.com Investor RelationsBioXcel TherapeuticsBrennan Doyle1.475.355.8462bdoyle@bioxceltherapeutics.com MediaRusso PartnersDavid SchullT: 858-717-2310David.schull@russopartnersllc.comScott StachowiakT: 646-942-5630Scott.stachowiak@russopartnersllc.com Source: BioXcel Therapeutics, Inc. BT BIOXCEL THERAPEUTICS is a registered trademark of BioXcel Therapeutics, Inc.   All other trademarks are the properties of their respective owners.  Copyright © 2023, BioXcel Therapeutics, Inc. All rights reserved.  References Whitehouse.gov. Biden-Harris Administration Designates Fentanyl Combined with Xylazine as an Emerging Threat to the United States. Accessed November 1, 2023. Accessed November 1, 2023. https://www.whitehouse.gov/ondcp/briefing-room/2023/04/12/biden-harris-administration-designates-fentanyl-combined-with-xylazine-as-an-emerging-threat-to-the-united-states/nida.nih.gov. Research Topics. Accessed November 2, 2023. https://nida-nih-gov.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/research-topics/xylazineWhitehouse.gov. National Drug Control Budget FY2024 Funding Highlights March 2023. Accessed November 1, 2023. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/FY-2024-Budget-Highlights.pdfOpioidsettlementtracker.com. Global Settlement Tracker. Accessed November 1, 2023. https://www.opioidsettlementtracker.com/globalsettlementtrackerRasmussen K 1991. Afferent effects on locus coeruleus in opiate withdrawal. Prog Brain Res. 1991;88:207-16. doi: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63810-8. PMID: 1839935.Jones JD, Rajachandran L, Yocca F, Risinger R, De Vivo M, Sabados J, Levin FR, Comer SD. Sublingual dexmedetomidine (BXCL501) reduces opioid withdrawal symptoms: findings from a multi-site, phase 1b/2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2023 Jan 2;49(1):109-122. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2022.2144743. Epub 2023 Jan 11. PMID: 36630319.

Fast TrackBreakthrough Therapy

01 Aug 2022

·www.globenewswire.com

BioXcel Therapeutics Announces NIH NIDA Grant to Columbia University to Support Further Studies of BXCL501 (Sublingual Dexmedetomidine) for Treating Opioid Withdrawal

Multi-year-funded award to support a 160-patient, randomized-controlled study in patients undergoing opioid withdrawal treatment Over 142 million opioid prescriptions dispensed in the U.S. in 20201 More than 1.7 million people in the U.S. suffered from substance use disorders related to prescription opioid pain relievers in 20161 NEW HAVEN, Conn., Aug. 01, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- BioXcel Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: BTAI), a commercial-stage biopharmaceutical company utilizing artificial intelligence approaches to develop transformative medicines in neuroscience and immuno-oncology, today announced that the National Institute on Drug Abuse, part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), has awarded Columbia University a multi-year NIDA grant to fund clinical testing of BXCL501 (sublingual dexmedetomidine) as a potential treatment for opioid withdrawal. The initial grant provides approximately $3.3 million for the project from August 1, 2022 through July 31, 2024 to support a 4-arm Phase 2b study comparing BXCL501 180 mcg and 240 mcg BID to placebo and Lucemyra™, to be followed by approximately $4.5 million to support a registrational study upon the completion of certain milestones. Opioid abuse has long been recognized as a national health crisis. More than 142 million opioid prescriptions were dispensed in the U.S. in 2020, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which also estimates that 1.7 million people in the U.S. suffered from substance use disorders related to prescription opioid pain relievers in 2016. In addition, the drug overdose epidemic claimed an estimated 104,000 lives in the 12-month period ending in September 20211 and a White House Council of Economic Advisers recently assessed the cost of the opioid crisis at $1 trillion2. Columbia University enrolled patients in the RELEASE trial — a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, ascending dose Phase 1b/2 trial designed to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and efficacy of BXCL501 administered twice daily for seven days — in patients experiencing symptoms of opioid withdrawal. In March 2021, BioXcel Therapeutics announced RELEASE top line results. BXCL501 was generally well tolerated, with no severe or serious adverse events reported across all doses evaluated (30 mcg, 60 mcg, 90 mcg, 120 mcg, 180 mcg and 240 mcg). After further post-hoc analysis, the 240mg BID dose significantly reduced both subjective ratings of insomnia and clinician ratings of anxiety or irritability among enrolled patients. “We are pleased to continue testing BXLC501 in patients with opioid withdrawal with support from the NIH,” said Dr. Frances Levin, Professor of Psychiatry at Columbia University and Chief of the Division on Substance Use Disorders at New York State Psychiatric Institute/Columbia University, Multiple Principal Investigator of the study and Project Director for the grant. Dr. Sandra Comer, Multiple Principal Investigator of the study and Professor of Neurobiology in the Department of Psychiatry at Columbia University, noted that “BXCL501 shows promise in treating opioid withdrawal symptoms, which may facilitate transition of patients with opioid use disorder to treatment medications such as buprenorphine and naltrexone.” “The NIDA/NIH grant to Columbia University provides important support for BXCL501’s development as a potential for opioid treatment withdrawal, a significant national challenge,” said Frank Yocca, Ph.D., Chief Scientific Officer of BioXcel Therapeutics. “We believe the results observed thus far in multiple dose regimens within the RELEASE trial provide valuable insights to support investigation across additional indications and treatment settings.” This research is supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health under award number UG3DA056247. The content presented in this release is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. About BioXcel Therapeutics, Inc. BioXcel Therapeutics, Inc. is a commercial-stage biopharmaceutical company utilizing artificial intelligence approaches to develop transformative medicines in neuroscience and immuno-oncology. The Company’s drug re-innovation approach leverages existing approved drugs and/or clinically validated product candidates together with big data and proprietary machine learning algorithms to identify new therapeutic indices. The Company’s commercial product, IGALMI™ (developed as BXCL501) is a proprietary, sublingual film formulation of dexmedetomidine approved by the FDA for the acute treatment of agitation associated with schizophrenia or bipolar I or II disorder in adults. The safety and effectiveness of IGALMI has not been established beyond 24 hours from the first dose. BXCL501 is being evaluated for the acute treatment of agitation associated with Alzheimer’s disease, and as an adjunctive treatment for major depressive disorder. The Company is also developing BXCL502 as a potential therapy for chronic agitation in dementia. Under its subsidiary, OnkosXcel Therapeutics, the Company is developing BXCL701, an investigational, orally administered, systemic innate immunity activator for the treatment of aggressive forms of prostate cancer and advanced solid tumors that are refractory or treatment naïve to checkpoint inhibitors. For more information, please visit www.bioxceltherapeutics.com. Forward-Looking Statements This press release includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements in this press release include but are not limited to future clinical trial results, future funding provided by NIDA/NIH, the potential value of BXCL501 as a treatment option for opioid withdrawal symptoms, and the Company’s future strategy for BXCL501 for the treatment of opioid withdrawal symptoms and other indications. When used herein, words including “anticipate,” “will,” “plan,” “may,” “continue,” “intend,” “designed,” “goal” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. In addition, any statements or information that refer to expectations, beliefs, plans, projections, objectives, performance or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking. All forward-looking statements are based upon the Company’s current expectations and various assumptions. The Company believes there is a reasonable basis for its expectations and beliefs, but they are inherently uncertain. The Company may not realize its expectations, and its beliefs may not prove correct. Actual results could differ materially from those described or implied by such forward-looking statements as a result of various important factors, including, without limitation: its limited operating history; its incurrence of significant losses; its need for substantial additional funding and ability to raise capital when needed; its limited experience in drug discovery and drug development; its dependence on the success and commercialization of IGALMI™, BXCL501, BXCL502 and BXCL701 and other product candidates; the Company has no experience in marketing and selling drug products; IGALMI™ or the Company’s product candidates may not be accepted by physicians or the medical community in general; the failure of preliminary data from its clinical studies to predict final study results; failure of its early clinical studies or preclinical studies to predict future clinical studies; its ability to receive regulatory approval for its product candidates; its ability to enroll patients in its clinical trials; undesirable side effects caused by the Company’s product candidates; its novel approach to the discovery and development of product candidates based on EvolverAI; its exposure to patent infringement lawsuits; its ability to comply with the extensive regulations applicable to it; impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic; its ability to commercialize its product candidates; and the other important factors discussed under the caption “Risk Factors” in its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022, as such factors may be updated from time to time in its other filings with the SEC which are accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. These and other important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by the forward-looking statements made in this press release. Any such forward-looking statements represent management’s estimates as of the date of this press release. While the Company may elect to update such forward-looking statements at some point in the future, except as required by law, it disclaims any obligation to do so, even if subsequent events cause our views to change. These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing the Company’s views as of any date subsequent to the date of this press release. Contact Information: Corporate BioXcel TherapeuticsErik Kopp1.203.494.7062ekopp@bioxceltherapeutics.com Investor Relations BioXcel TherapeuticsBrennan Doyle1.475.355.8462bdoyle@bioxceltherapeutics.com Media FTI Consulting Helen O’Gorman1.718.408.0800helen.ogorman@fticonsulting.com 1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2 White House Release March 28, 2022

Small molecular drugPatent Infringement

100 Deals associated with Lofexidine Hydrochloride

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D04765	Lofexidine Hydrochloride	N07BC04	DB04948

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

to view more data

Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	US	MDD US Operations LLC	16 May 2018

Developing

10 top R&D records.

to view more data

Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Opioid abuse	Phase 3	US	MDD US Operations LLC	01 Feb 2015
Cannabis withdrawal	Phase 3	US	National Institute on Drug Abuse	01 Jan 2010
Marijuana Use	Phase 3	US	National Institute on Drug Abuse	01 Jan 2010
Unspecified drug dependence	Phase 3	US	MDD US Operations LLC	01 Jun 2006
Opioid-Related Disorders	Phase 3	US	Britannia Pharmaceuticals Ltd.	01 Apr 2001
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic	Phase 2	US	MDD US Operations LLC	09 Mar 2021
Ulcer of esophagus	Phase 2	US	MDD US Operations LLC	09 Mar 2021
Chronic Pain	Phase 2	US	MDD US Operations LLC	02 Aug 2019
liver function failure	Phase 1	US	MDD US Operations LLC	01 Jun 2014
opioid dependence methadone	Phase 1	US	MDD US Operations LLC	01 Feb 2012

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

View All Results

Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT04218240 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Opioid abuse	90	Pregabalin 200 MG capsules+Lofexidine 0.18Mg Tab (PGB/LFX;)	ydkszrdqoo(uxrhhvofsh) = axtitnwfmi nidfbdarbh (diwjgvucoi, sucuyufnqy - achrzlqucd) View more	-	20 May 2024
				Placebo oral tablet+Lofexidine 0.18Mg Tab (Lofexidine and PLACEBO)	ydkszrdqoo(uxrhhvofsh) = pvofoecoek nidfbdarbh (diwjgvucoi, qqrygjlxle - cynnntflcd) View more
NCT04126083 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Opioid abuse	6	Lofexidine Oral Tablet	dboaitfmbr(ddfvbyhlfe) = yqtwaxrzar aotyozfpbr (tnmhcisviv, cvenlbgern - lvkotfnexl) View more	-	23 Feb 2022
NCT04056182 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Opioid-Related Disorders	20	Lofexidine 0.18 MG	lyuymsacrb(jpedagsjmk) = gxnqscapxb thegprepas (jijhznbmmb, pfokawcpyu - vqvhdcdlky) View more	-	09 Dec 2021
NCT01863186 (CTgov)	Phase 3	Substance Withdrawal Syndrome \| Opioid abuse \| Opium Dependence	603	Lofexidine HCl (DB: Lofexidine HCl 2.4mg Dose)	qfqpusdqty(mwvuewnpvp) = gmutplxmci qtetnkwcuf (rheucfdpqv, glwlkctmaq - errwtnncus) View more	-	04 Feb 2021
				Lofexidine HCl (DB: Lofexidine HCl 3.2mg Dose)	qfqpusdqty(mwvuewnpvp) = mybwschhst qtetnkwcuf (rheucfdpqv, myglnmxwmw - zjuiybiwvv) View more
NCT01863186 (Pubmed \| Drug Alcohol Depend)	Phase 3	Opioid abuse	681	Lofexidine 2.16 mg/day	mxpxshpktb(qxanzkmvbv) = yckwxwoljj vdfrqlqlau (jqymhhuxfj )	-	01 Dec 2019
				Lofexidine 2.88 mg/day	mxpxshpktb(qxanzkmvbv) = lwalfmhyeu vdfrqlqlau (jqymhhuxfj )
NCT01863186 (Pubmed \| J Addict Med)	Phase 3	-	603	Lofexidine 2.88 mg/d	bzzydlbkqw(skzpnnaqis) = xvpihwjwwt klvnoqbciq (rcjybyckyc )	Positive	01 May 2019
				Lofexidine 2.16 mg/d	bzzydlbkqw(skzpnnaqis) = lsyhasnlzb klvnoqbciq (rcjybyckyc )
NCT00235729 (Pubmed \| Drug Alcohol Depend) Manual	Phase 3	Opioid abuse	264	lofexidine	hxjndeslrk(fhabditdbk) = oriqbhwnot queviddplc (yptrspevnv )	Positive	01 Jul 2017
				Placebo	hxjndeslrk(fhabditdbk) = qlwtgqvpgs queviddplc (yptrspevnv )
NCT01020019 (CTgov)	Phase 2/3	Marijuana Use \| Cannabis withdrawal	156	Placebo (Placebo)	epijqhnqcy(mhvoucfxei) = aobuuvdngo vfwltjxhky (xdhebqnftu, mzrbwembbc - kkiwydfooq) View more	-	11 May 2016
				Lofexidine+Dronabinol (Lofexidine and Dronabinol)	epijqhnqcy(mhvoucfxei) = ibeeprwryh vfwltjxhky (xdhebqnftu, sajzrtbhjy - wnbwqkyxdf) View more

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