This study investigates the pharmacokinetics of yohimbine in women and men aged 18 to 40 years to explore sex-specific differences in CYP2D6-dependent drug metabolism. Participants will be classified by their CYP2D6 genotype into extensive metabolizers (EM) and poor metabolizers (PM), forming four distinct study arms:
Arm 1) Women, Poor Metabolizers (PM) n=13 Arm 2) Women, Extensive Metabolizers (EM) n=5 Arm 3) Men, Poor Metabolizers (PM) n=13 Arm 4) Men, Extensive Metabolizers (EM) n=5
Each study arm will receive a single oral dose of 50 µg yohimbine (2 x 1 tablets, 25 µg per tablet) and 25 mg of ¹³C₃-caffeine co-administered as a drinking solution.
The purpose of this study is:
1. To characterize the pharmacokinetics of yohimbine following a single oral dose in women and men across different CYP2D6 phenotypes.
2. To evaluate yohimbine's suitability as a reliable probe for assessing CYP2D6 activity.
3. To investigate potential interactions between CYP2D6 and CYP1A2, as well as interindividual variability in CYP1A2-dependent caffeine metabolism.

Start Date28 Apr 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

University of Greifswald

NCT06917508

/ CompletedPhase 1

A Non-Randomized, Multiple-Dose, Open-Label, Single Sequence Study to Evaluate the Effect of Concomitant Administration of EDP-323 on the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Midazolam, Caffeine, and Rosuvastatin in Healthy Participants

The primary aim of this study is to assess the effect of EDP-323 on the pharmacokinetics and safety of midazolam, caffeine, and rosuvastatin in healthy adult participants.

Start Date13 Mar 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Enanta Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

100 Clinical Results associated with Caffeine

100 Translational Medicine associated with Caffeine

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Caffeine

50,293

Literatures (Medical) associated with Caffeine

01 Feb 2026·BIOELECTROCHEMISTRY

Plasma jet and plasma treated aerosol induced permeation of reconstructed human epidermis

Article

Author: Gaetan-Zin, Septuce ; Maaroufi, Zeineb ; Vijayarangan, Vinodini ; Rouillard, Amaury ; Grillon, Catherine ; Robert, Eric ; Stancampiano, Augusto ; Dozias, Sébastien ; Escot-Bocanegra, Pablo

As plasma-treated liquids have many applications in plasma medicine, their cutaneous effects for cosmetic purposes are also considered as an alternative way to treat skin without the electric hazards and limitations correlated with the use of a direct plasma. Our previous work on human skin explants showed increased transdermal diffusion of cosmetic ingredients (caffeine, hyaluronic acid) after direct plasma treatment. Despite this proven efficacy, these protocols still face limitations dealing with toxicity, small treatment areas and uneven surface coverage. To overcome these limitations and broaden the scope of non-thermal-plasma-based technology for skin care, this study presents for the first time the development and assessment of a plasma aerosol device to nebulize plasma-treated liquids on skin models. This work demonstrates how plasma jet and plasma treated aerosol can temporarily enhance permeation in reconstructed human epidermis (RHE), using fluorescein as a probe, under safe plasma delivery conditions. Transepithelial electrical resistance measurements confirm the transient nature of the plasma-induced modulation, suggesting the possibility to control the duration of the enhanced permeation. Overall, the achieved results demonstrate the potential of plasma jet and plasma treated aerosol to safely control diffusion through skin for cosmetic and medical purposes.

01 Feb 2026·Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Impact of caffeine dose on bone healing with tricalcium silicate in a rat tibial defect model

Article

Author: Dündar, Serkan ; Özercan, İbrahim Hanifi ; Ocak, Mevlüt Sinan ; Kaya, Berk

OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different doses of systemically administered caffeine on bone healing and to assess whether a tricalcium silicate-based biomaterial can mitigate its adverse effects in a rat tibial defect model.

STUDY DESIGN:

Seventy-two male Sprague Dawley rats (8 weeks old) were randomly assigned to six groups (n=12). Bilateral tibial defects were created under general anesthesia. In three groups, the defects were filled with NeoPutty; in the other three, defects were left empty. Caffeine was administered daily via oral gavage at 3 mg/100 g or 10 mg/100 g for 30 days. Histological analysis was performed to assess osteoblast activity, bone formation, inflammation, and fibrosis. Statistical comparisons were conducted among groups.

RESULTS:

The highest osteoblast activity and new bone formation were observed in the control group, while the lowest values occurred in the high-dose caffeine + NeoPutty group. Inflammation and fibrotic tissue formation increased in the caffeine-treated groups, particularly with high-dose caffeine. NeoPutty improved bone healing outcomes but could not completely prevent the deleterious effects of high-dose caffeine.

CONCLUSIONS:

High-dose caffeine impairs bone healing by increasing inflammation and reducing osteoblast activity. NeoPutty shows partial protective effects, but its regenerative performance is compromised under systemic metabolic stress. These findings emphasize the need to consider patient-specific systemic factors when using bioceramic materials for bone regeneration.

01 Feb 2026·TALANTA

Smart caffeine sensing: an e-MIP-based screen-printed voltammetric cell for beverage quality control

Article

Author: Alberti, Giancarla ; Cavalli, Silvia ; Aldrovandi, Silvia ; Merli, Daniele ; Cutaia, Alessandra

Caffeine, a widely consumed stimulant, requires rapid screening methods for quality control in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this context, the present study proposes an electrochemical sensor for caffeine using screen-printed voltammetric cells with a carbon-ink working electrode modified with an electrosynthesized overoxidized polypyrrole molecularly imprinted polymer (e-MIP_ox). Screen-printed electrodes offer advantages like versatility and low cost. Modifying them with e-MIPs, prepared in this case with pyrrole and caffeine as a template, enhances sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, electropolymerization allows precise control over the polymeric film thickness on the electrode. Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) was employed for the measurements, exploiting the caffeine oxidation peak. The e-MIP_ox sensor outperformed unmodified and non-imprinted electrodes in terms of sensitivity and reproducibility, while demonstrating high selectivity in interference tests. Successfully applied to soft drink samples with recovery rates of 90-110 %, this sensor shows promise as a reliable and efficient tool for food analysis.

News (Medical) associated with Caffeine

09 Oct 2025

·www.businesswire.com

New Citruslabs Study Finds Droptics Eye Drops Help Refresh, Hydrate, and Energize Screen-Weary Eyes

LOS ANGELES--(BUSINESS WIRE)--A new study from Citrulabs, a leading clinical research organization, found that Droptics, the first-of-its-kind eye drop designed specifically for the digital generation, delivers measurable relief for individuals experiencing screen-related eye strain, dryness, and fatigue. Ocular issues stemming from increased reliance on digital screens have been proven to lead to discomfort, reduced focus, and diminished visual performance throughout the day. Designed for people who spend long hours on screens, Droptics is a refreshing eye drop formula developed to relieve dryness, soothe irritation, and enhance visual clarity. Demonstrating the benefits of eye care products requires more than anecdotal feedback, it demands credible research that captures both efficacy and user experience. Consumer perception studies, like those conducted by Citruslabs, bridge the gap between laboratory data and real-world results, providing brands and consumers with trustworthy insights. In a recent two-week consumer perception study conducted by Citruslabs, Droptics was evaluated for its effects on eye comfort, hydration, and visual performance among adults aged 18 to 55 who regularly experience screen-related eye strain. Results showed consistently positive perceptions after the first use, one week, and two weeks of product use: 94% of participants agreed that Droptics relieves dryness associated with screen use. 87% of participants agreed that Droptics reduced the gritty or “tired eyes” sensation. 92% of participants agreed that their eyes felt more refreshed after using Droptics. 87% of participants agreed that they would describe Droptics as a “wake-up” for tired eyes. 74% of participants agreed that the Droptics formula helped snap them out of midday screen fatigue. 82% of participants agreed that their eyes felt more responsive and engaged after using Droptics. “These results validate what so many of our users already tell us. Droptics helps give users that feeling of being ‘awake’ and focused again,” said Dr. Ben Ghiam, Board-Certified Ophthalmologist and Chief Medical Officer. “Millions of people spend the majority of their days staring at screens. It’s exciting now to see data which shows that small moments of care for your eyes can make a real difference in comfort and visual performance.” Droptics is formulated with Naphazoline Hydrochloride 0.03% and Propylene Glycol 1.0%, alongside ingredients such as Menthol, Camphor, Borneol, Caffeine, and Taurine. Together, these components create a cooling, hydrating, and energizing effect designed to help users refresh and refocus their eyes whenever they need a boost. The Citruslabs study underscores Droptics’ commitment to transparency, innovation, and science-backed performance, reinforcing its mission to help users see and feel their best, whether they’re working, gaming, or creating. For more information about Droptics, visit https://droptics.com/. About Droptics Droptics Eye Drops are designed to refresh and protect eyes from digital fatigue. Combining clinically tested ingredients with a cooling, energizing sensation, Droptics helps users relieve dryness, reduce redness, and improve focus, making it the ultimate companion for long screen sessions. Learn more at https://droptics.com/. About Citruslabs Citruslabs is a leading clinical research organization specializing in accessible, gold-standard trials for health and wellness brands. By streamlining participant recruitment, data collection, and rigorous analysis, Citruslabs delivers research that brands can trust to validate their product claims. Learn more at www.citruslabs.com.

Clinical Result

06 May 2025

·www.fiercebiotech.com

Anti-aging biotech NewLimit raises $130M to push liver reprogramming med into clinic

NewLimit’s lead asset uses lipid nanoparticles to deliver mRNA to liver cells that codes for transcription factors known to make hepatocytes look—and act—younger.\n Anti-aging biotech NewLimit plans to push a liver-rejuvenating mRNA medicine into the clinic with the aid of a $130 million series B fundraising round.The round was led by Kleiner Perkins alongside new investors Nat Friedman/Daniel Gross, Khosla Ventures and Human Capital, the company announced in a May 6 release.The preclinical company’s lead asset uses lipid nanoparticles to deliver mRNA to liver cells that codes for transcription factors known to make hepatocytes look—and act—younger, NewLimit co-founder and President Jacob Kimmel, Ph.D., told Fierce Biotech in an interview.“Old and young cells use different genes,” Kimmel said, “and then, more importantly, old cells have a loss of function that occurs in the cell types that we\'re going after.” In the liver, for example, older cells aren’t as good at processing alcohol and caffeine as younger cells, Kimmel added.The company’s first target is alcohol-related liver disease, Kimmel said, with plans to enter the clinic in the next few years. But, just like GLP-1s before them, NewLimit hopes to use early indications as a stepping stone to broader and broader patient populations. “We\'ve really been inspired by GLP-1s, medicines that started in a group of diabetic patients that later expanded through obesity and later to a number of other indications as well,” Kimmel said. “Following an approval in alcoholic liver disease, if we are so lucky, we would then hope to expand to earlier stage liver disease patients for multiple etiologies, and eventually to treating patients who have metabolic syndrome.” Kimmel said the company is developing intravenous drugs with the goal of dosing every three weeks at the shortest, similar to Alnylam’s small interfering RNA drug Onpattro (patisiran).“You can dose that medicine every three weeks, and this is something where it\'s both demonstrated to be safe and effective and commercially viable,” Kimmel said. “We see that as sort of the minimum bar, and we think we\'ve got some early evidence today that we\'re on track.”NewLimit’s science builds on discoveries in epigenetic reprogramming, the idea that tweaks to how genes are expressed can make cells behave differently or even switch cell types entirely. For example, Shinya Yamanaka, Ph.D., won a Nobel Prize in 2012 for demonstrating that mouse skin cells could be induced to turn into stem cells, at which point they could then develop into many other possible cell types.NewLimit was founded in 2022 with the goal of making medicines that reprogram old cells to extend patients’ health spans, a term that has been growing in popularity. Last month, Flagship Pioneering debuted a preemptive medicine biotech called Etiome with $50 million in financing and a goal of “increasing our health spans, not just our lifespans,” company CEO Avak Kahvejian, Ph.D., told Fierce.

Oligonucleotide

08 Apr 2025

·www.fiercebiotech.com

FDA clears vibrating mattress pad to stimulate breathing in premature newborns

The de novo that rocks the cradle: Prapela estimates that apnea of prematurity affects 1.6 million newborns per year, and that its vibrating pad may be the first new treatment in over 20 years. \n The FDA has granted a de novo clearance to a vibrating mattress pad for hospital bassinets, designed to stimulate rhythmic breathing in premature newborns who may be facing a serious medical condition.Prapela’s device provides gentle, randomized movements that aim to trigger and regulate the brain’s control of breathing, without being strong enough to wake up the baby from sleep. Also usable within radiant warmers and incubators, its slight up-and-down movements mimic the manual tactile stimulation sometimes provided by nurses to help encourage breathing.The vibrating pad previously received two separate breakthrough designations from the FDA, and it has been studied in treating apnea of prematurity as well as newborns that have been exposed to opioids during pregnancy. Both conditions can result in low blood oxygen levels. Apnea is common among preterm births—where breathing pauses for periods longer than 20 seconds—affecting about 70% of those born before 34 weeks, and nearly all of those born at or before 28 weeks. Typical interventions include the physical positioning of the newborn, as well as doses of caffeine. Meanwhile, in a randomized clinical trial of newborns with prenatal opioid exposure, published in JAMA Pediatrics, vibrations provided by the mattress pad led to fewer days in treatment and reductions in the doses of morphine needed to stave off withdrawal symptoms.Prapela has estimated that apnea of prematurity affects 1.6 million newborns per year, costing U.S. hospitals $17 billion annually, and that its approach may provide the first new treatment in over two decades. In 2023, the FDA issued a de novo green light to the makers of the Snoo motorized bassinet, for what the agency described as an over-the-counter “infant supine sleep system” designed to hold the baby in a safe sleeping position.

Breakthrough TherapyDrug Approval

100 Deals associated with Caffeine

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00528	Caffeine	N06BC01	DB00201

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Respiration Disorders	Japan	Nobelpharma Co., Ltd.	24 Mar 2014
Apnea in newborn	South Korea	Kolon Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.	13 Aug 2012

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Consciousness	Phase 1	China	Academy of Military Medical Sciences	26 Dec 2020
Mental Fatigue	Phase 1	China	Academy of Military Medical Sciences	26 Dec 2020
Fatigue	Phase 1	China	Academy of Military Med Sci, Inst of Toxicology & Pharmacology	29 Nov 2019
Fatigue	Phase 1	China	Academy of Military Medical Sciences	29 Nov 2019
Sleepiness	Phase 1	China	Academy of Military Medical Sciences	29 Nov 2019

Clinical Result

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


EAN2019	Not Applicable	Headache Disorders, Primary	11	Caffeine treatment	zgvtiwdana(ekvnzyqxdt) = isgjjqjkyo tevnscbcxd (qkxufklczu )	Positive	27 Jun 2019
NCT01361217 (FLUOXETINE, CTgov)	Not Applicable	Medication interactions	10	Lovastatin+Omeprazole+midazolam+caffeine+Fluoxetine+dextromethorphan	uxpdmqucoe(ztivryqphh) = hiqsluykap ugjtuzwxqr (cmsirgceys, uthhbczdtj - liqjkwfdns) View more	-	29 Jun 2018
NCT01686646 (CTgov)	Phase 3	Common Cold	240	Paracetamol+Caffeine (Paracetamol + Caffeine Combination (1000/130))	cwvwewjgid(sujttqhlpe) = gsrbmhbmgx hmykdfkpfr (bkxmbiqnct, 1.12) View more	-	14 Jul 2014
NCT01686646 (CTgov)	Phase 3	Common Cold	240	Paracetamol (Paracetamol (1000))	cwvwewjgid(sujttqhlpe) = ptygkwlabb hmykdfkpfr (bkxmbiqnct, 1.12) View more	-	14 Jul 2014
NCT01710722 (Pubmed \| Obesity (Silver Spring))	Not Applicable	Weight Loss \| Obesity	90	Caffeine/Ephedrine (CE)	fqpmwfbhpu(ztqigkpzew) = sjjspwjebr zdqlkrlewo (ylmlpqvefl ) View more	-	01 Oct 2013
NCT01710722 (Pubmed \| Obesity (Silver Spring))	Not Applicable	Weight Loss \| Obesity	90	Leptin A-200 and Caffeine/Ephedrine (LCE)	dxdtlzlimj(eckikbqfud) = cbxjjbynqu uuzissgkyb (tuniilrrqa ) View more	-	01 Oct 2013

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