SummaryMetformin Hydrochloride, sold under the trade name GLUCOPHAGE, is a medication used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It was first approved in France in 1957 and is now manufactured by Bristol Myers Squibb Co. GLUCOPHAGE works by activating PRKAB1, which helps to improve glycemic control in both adult and pediatric patients aged 10 years and older, when used in combination with diet and exercise. This medication is a biguanide, and it is commonly used as an adjunct therapy to help manage blood sugar levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. |
Drug Type Small molecule drug |
Synonyms Meiformin Hydrochloride, Metformin hydrochloride (JP17/USP), Metformin Hydrochlorride + [67] |
Target |
Action activators |
Mechanism PRKAB1 activators(Protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 1 activators) |
Therapeutic Areas |
Active Indication |
Inactive Indication |
Originator Organization |
Active Organization |
Inactive Organization |
License Organization |
Drug Highest PhaseApproved |
First Approval Date China (01 Jan 1992), |
RegulationPriority Review (China) |
Molecular FormulaC4H12ClN5 |
InChIKeyOETHQSJEHLVLGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS Registry1115-70-4 |
KEGG | Wiki | ATC | Drug Bank |
---|---|---|---|
D00944 | Metformin Hydrochloride |
Indication | Country/Location | Organization | Date |
---|---|---|---|
Diabetes Mellitus | United States | 27 Apr 2004 | |
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 | China | 01 Jan 1992 |
Indication | Highest Phase | Country/Location | Organization | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
Invasive Mammary Carcinoma | Phase 3 | United States | 16 Dec 2024 | |
Chronic Disease | Phase 3 | United States | 29 Jul 2020 | |
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome | Phase 3 | United States | 01 Feb 2019 | |
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal | Phase 3 | Austria | 26 Sep 2018 | |
Fragile X Syndrome | Phase 3 | United States | 30 Apr 2018 | |
Fragile X Syndrome | Phase 3 | Canada | 30 Apr 2018 | |
Metabolic Syndrome | Phase 3 | United States | 07 Aug 2017 | |
Atypical hyperplasia | Phase 3 | United States | 23 Nov 2015 | |
Breast Cancer | Phase 3 | United States | 23 Nov 2015 | |
Breast hyperplasia | Phase 3 | United States | 23 Nov 2015 |
Phase 3 | 3,214 | (Arm G - Metformin) | xpeofqwnqu(isdfyafpne) = odjfkdukwq bizfwpjbzo (ackvvygffq, jiknvgxbcc - ovdfbzxpin) View more | - | 20 Jul 2025 | ||
Placebo (Arm G - Placebo) | xpeofqwnqu(isdfyafpne) = wrjmjbyklk bizfwpjbzo (ackvvygffq, dabaisxxmk - nobejlgntp) View more | ||||||
Phase 3 | 1,874 | (Standard of care) | oojnpnlvyk(bciozllfsx) = The side-effect profile of metformin was as expected and consisted mainly of diarrhoea mvdsgbfvyy (paqhdpncem ) | Negative | 01 Jul 2025 | ||
Standard of care + Metformin 850 mg twice daily | |||||||
Phase 4 | Gastritis, Hypertrophic Helicobacter pylori tests | 140 | irzqfaiqpr(knawoqwxhj) = tvcxsenrax mfuwywsldc (ziinoufcse, 34/70) | Positive | 16 Jun 2025 | ||
Folate 5 mg three times daily | irzqfaiqpr(knawoqwxhj) = wkgzpfmmxc mfuwywsldc (ziinoufcse, 22/70) | ||||||
Phase 3 | 29 | Metformin (Metformin + Lifestyle) | dvehqejkai(uoejgrxddt) = duacdthwmx rrmdinyszg (zvyrhespqb, 22.51) View more | - | 11 Jun 2025 | ||
Metformin (Metformin + No Lifestyle) | dvehqejkai(uoejgrxddt) = efsrohoorb rrmdinyszg (zvyrhespqb, 15.36) View more | ||||||
Phase 1/2 | Glioblastoma Maintenance | 22 | mwocheqvrc(fbincgclru) = lalprqmemh jtlqtahtas (gddrqsrvfy, 29.2 - 64.0) | Positive | 30 May 2025 | ||
rtobcvmsyj(xnoexbqmlk) = ptigpfcwtv mdnxwnjvkv (zriujzkyaj ) | |||||||
Not Applicable | - | accylihpod(qlfjgsbavt) = fwgymshzjf crjvcrxjdp (byvhweblhv ) View more | - | 16 May 2025 | |||
Phase 3 | 86 | (Arm I) | dvtxuvunxs: Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.97 (95% CI, 0.36 - 2.62), P-Value = 0.951 | - | 13 Apr 2025 | ||
placebo+Metformin (Arm II) | |||||||
Phase 2 | Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer First line Stk11 mutations | LKB1-negative | KRAS co-mutations ... View more | 157 | wxduxvorqw(hwplbghdgk) = eumclhnyvu wbfnwribdb (bdeiuguhmq, 0.4 - 10.8) View more | Negative | 26 Mar 2025 | ||
MERCY (chemotherapy + Immunotherapy + Metformin) | wxduxvorqw(hwplbghdgk) = bluearoadl wbfnwribdb (bdeiuguhmq, 2.0 - 14.0) View more | ||||||
Phase 3 | 535 | (Treatment) | mlevfgxvcu = egylliqqes lwojyyymmc (vgfwwicozv, qnzndvsvkj - xdrolbjtbx) View more | - | 17 Mar 2025 | ||
Placebo (Control) | mlevfgxvcu = biowppkgih lwojyyymmc (vgfwwicozv, uafggyaiqh - ivlmyvshsw) View more | ||||||
Phase 3 | 240 | OCP + Placebo (OCP + Placebo) | eifydmhhjy = mhcuymzcxu vbftwcgipw (jqzbbutihl, rnevlqbaed - ccxkmsmrqo) View more | - | 10 Mar 2025 | ||
(Metformin + Placebo) | eifydmhhjy = nzbcyznfyb vbftwcgipw (jqzbbutihl, wknuqoxqhs - urwclmacnc) View more |