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Last update 25 Dec 2025

Metformin Hydrochloride

Last update 25 Dec 2025

Overview

R&D Status

Clinical Result

Translational Medicine

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryMetformin Hydrochloride, sold under the trade name GLUCOPHAGE, is a medication used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It was first approved in France in 1957 and is now manufactured by Bristol Myers Squibb Co. GLUCOPHAGE works by activating PRKAB1, which helps to improve glycemic control in both adult and pediatric patients aged 10 years and older, when used in combination with diet and exercise. This medication is a biguanide, and it is commonly used as an adjunct therapy to help manage blood sugar levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

Meiformin Hydrochloride, Metformin hydrochloride (JP17/USP), Metformin Hydrochlorride

+ [67]

Target

PRKAB1

Action

activators

Mechanism

PRKAB1 activators(Protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 1 activators)

Therapeutic Areas

Endocrinology and Metabolic DiseaseNeoplasmsImmune System Diseases+ [11]

Active Indication

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Invasive Mammary CarcinomaChronic Disease+ [48]

Inactive Indication

Acinar Cell CarcinomaAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAdenocarcinoma of large intestine+ [73]

Originator Organization

Bristol Myers Squibb Co.

Active Organization

Zhengzhou University Hospital

National Cancer Institute

Curative Biotechnology, Inc.

+ [27]

Inactive Organization

Bristol Myers Squibb Co.

National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases

Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

+ [28]

License Organization

Merck KGaA

The Fox Chase Cancer Center

Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center

+ [3]

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

China (01 Jan 1992),

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

RegulationPriority Review (China)

Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC4H12ClN5

InChIKeyOETHQSJEHLVLGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS Registry1115-70-4

2,793

Clinical Trials associated with Metformin Hydrochloride

CTRI/2025/09/094234

/ Not yet recruitingPhase 2IIT

A Feasibility Study Comparing a Unani Regimen and Metformin in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - NIL

Start Date01 Oct 2027

Sponsor / Collaborator-

NCT07057479

/ WithdrawnPhase 3

Phase III, Adaptive, Multicenter, Randomized, Superiority, Double-Dummy, Double-Blind Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of a Fixed-Dose Combination of a Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitor and a Thiazolidinedione in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Compared to Monotherapy, in Patients Treated With Metformin

This clinical trial is studying whether combining two commonly used diabetes medications into a single pill works better than taking them separately for people with type 2 diabetes who are already on metformin. Both medications work in different ways to lower blood sugar - one helps remove excess sugar through urine while the other helps the body use insulin better.
The study has two main goals:
To see if the combined pill controls blood sugar more effectively than either medication alone
To check if combining them reduces common side effects like weight gain and swelling that can occur with one of the medications
Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups:
The new combination pill
One of the standard diabetes medications alone
The other standard diabetes medication alone
All participants will take their assigned treatment daily and attend regular clinic visits for monitoring. Doctors will track blood sugar control, weight changes, and any side effects throughout the study period.
This research could lead to a simpler treatment option that combines the benefits of both medications while potentially minimizing side effects. For people with diabetes who often need multiple medications, a combined pill might make treatment easier to manage while providing better blood sugar control.

Start Date01 Sep 2026

Sponsor / Collaborator

EUROFARMA LABORATORIOS SA

NCT07300059

/ Not yet recruitingPhase 1

Short-Term Glycemic Effects of Two Concentrations of Liquid Metformin Versus Standard Metformin Tablets in Healthy Adults

This is an open-label, randomized study evaluating the short-term glycemic effects of two concentrations of liquid metformin formulations (100 mg/mL and 250 mg/mL) compared with standard immediate-release metformin tablets in healthy adult subjects. Participants will receive single or short-term doses of study treatments in a randomized sequence. Blood glucose measurements and other glycemic indicators will be collected to assess short-term pharmacodynamic effects. Safety and tolerability will also be monitored.

Start Date15 Jul 2026

Sponsor / Collaborator

Aspargo Labs, Inc.

100 Clinical Results associated with Metformin Hydrochloride

100 Translational Medicine associated with Metformin Hydrochloride

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Metformin Hydrochloride

21,285

Literatures (Medical) associated with Metformin Hydrochloride

25 Dec 2025·Oriental Journal of Chemistry

Quantitative UV-Spectrophotometric Method for the Analysis of Teneligliptin HBr and Metformin HCl in Pharmaceutical Dosage form: Development and Validation

Author: Gahtori, Archana ; Khanduri, Praveen

This study developed a UV-spectrophotometric method for the simultaneous quantification of Metformin HCl and Teneligliptin HBr. Both active pharmaceutical ingredients were found to be soluble in 0.1N sulfuric acid, which was thus chosen as the solvent for analysis. The maximum absorption wavelengths for Metformin HCl and Teneligliptin HBr were identified at 220 nm and 240 nm, respectively. Standard stock solutions were prepared, and samples from commercially available tablets were accurately measured and dissolved for testing. Method validation included evaluations of linearity, precision (intra-day and inter-day), accuracy, robustness, as well as detection (LOD) and quantification limits (LOQ). The method exhibited strong precision and accuracy, with %RSD values less than 2%. Both LOD and LOQ demonstrated sufficient sensitivity, and the method proved effective for analyzing commercial formulations, achieving compliance levels of 99.20% for Metformin and 102.00% for Teneligliptin.

01 Dec 2025·COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES

Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles for sustained release of metformin hydrochloride within cells: A therapy for Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Article

Author: Sun, Qinyu ; Li, Jianfeng ; Song, Xinzhong ; Li, Jianyong ; Zhang, Yongqi ; Ji, Maocheng ; Man, Jia

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the third leading chronic disease threatening human health, with patients primarily managing their blood glucose levels through oral administration of metformin hydrochloride (MH). However, oral delivery of the pure drug faces challenges such as low bioavailability and significant gastrointestinal side effects. To address these, we employed a high-pressure homogenizer to prepare PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating the drug via a double emulsion method. Orthogonal experiments revealed that both shear pretreatment and high-pressure homogenization significantly influenced the particle properties, which were subsequently characterized. The average particle size could reach as small as 113.00 nm, with an encapsulation efficiency up to 64.69 %. The surface of these nanoparticles was negatively charged, enabling sustained drug release for 36 h in vitro. They exhibited excellent biocompatibility, maintaining a 95.74 % cell survival rate after 48 h of co-culture with hepatocytes, and were capable of being internalized by cells. In vivo experiments demonstrated that orally administered MH-PLGA nanoparticles could sustain blood glucose lowering effects for 8-10 h. Compared with traditional oral metformin hydrochloride, MH-PLGA nanoparticles offer higher bioavailability and lower gastrointestinal side effects, which are expected to bring better therapeutic effects to patients.

01 Dec 2025·IMMUNOLOGIC RESEARCH

Metformin suppresses gammadelta T17 cell differentiation alleviating DSS-induced colitis

Article

Author: Wang, Yungang ; Zhi, Yaru ; Tang, Qinfang ; Shen, Langping ; Yan, Dongmei ; Liu, Hongli ; Xiao, Lihua ; Cai, Aiting ; Sun, Mingzhong ; Ju, Huixiang ; Yang, Rui ; Chen, Hongmei

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, nonspecific, relapsing inflammatory bowel disease. Metformin has pleiotropic effects including anti-inflammatory properties and a notable impact on the gut microbiome. γδT17 cells play crucial role in initiating and maintaining intestinal inflammation. The effect of metformin on γδT17 cells remains unclear. This study aims to explore the connection between metformin-mediated ameliorated response in colitis mice and γδT17 cell activity. The role of γδT17 cell inhibition in metformin-mediated colitis amelioration was evaluated in mice. The effect of metformin on γδT17 differentiation and the possible mechanism were evaluated in a set of in vitro experiments. Results showed that the accumulation of γδT17 cells was negatively correlated with metformin treatment in DSS-induced colitis mice. Exogenous γδT17 cells blocked metformin-mediated colitis inhibition. Furthermore, metformin inhibited γδT17 differentiation, which was related to the inhibition of mTOR/RORγt activity. Our results reveal that metformin ameliorates colitis symptoms by suppressing γδT17 differentiation, suggesting a viable strategy against UC, although the mechanism of metformin in inhibiting γδT17 differentiation remains to be further studied.

404

News (Medical) associated with Metformin Hydrochloride

19 Dec 2025

·www.merck.com

Merck Reaches Agreement With U.S. Government to Expand Access to Medicines and Lower Costs for Americans

December 19, 2025 2:39 pm EST Enlicitide has potential to be first approved oral PCSK9 inhibitor designed to help meet critical unmet needs for patients and will be offered at an affordable price to eligible Americans through a direct-to-patient program Merck has committed more than $70 billion in U.S. investments to boost domestic production and innovation RAHWAY, N.J.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Merck (NYSE: MRK), known as MSD outside of the United States and Canada, today announced a historic agreement with the Trump administration to ensure its prescription medicines are both accessible and affordable for Americans. This agreement enables Merck to continue its long-standing commitment to develop and deliver life-changing medicines and vaccines, and ensure Americans have access to those innovations at lower costs. “As an American company, Merck is proud to work with the Trump administration to further secure our country’s position as a world leader in biopharmaceutical innovation. Today’s agreement marks a pivotal step in ensuring Americans can access medicines they need at lower costs,” said Robert M. Davis, chairman and chief executive officer, Merck. “For too long, global pricing imbalances have shifted the financial burden of groundbreaking research and development onto the U.S. health care system and ultimately, American patients. Merck remains committed to expanding access and improving affordability across the system.” Merck is working with the administration to reduce disparities in drug prices between the U.S. and other nations so American patients no longer shoulder a disproportionate share of the cost of innovation. Merck is voluntarily addressing all four components of the president’s July letter and taking steps that will help ensure Americans can benefit from lower prices and broader access to prescription medicines. Information on Merck’s agreement with the Trump administration Merck plans to provide key products through a direct-to-patient program at affordable prices for eligible patients in the U.S. This currently includes JANUVIA, JANUMET and JANUMET XR, and will be expanded in the future to include enlicitide decanoate following FDA approval. JANUVIA, JANUMET and JANUMET XR will be available to eligible American patients at a cash price — approximately 70% off of the current list price — through a direct-to-patient program. Enlicitide, a novel candidate to lower LDL cholesterol, was designed to deliver PCSK9 antibody-like efficacy in an easy-to-use daily pill. Although existing injectable PCSK9 inhibitors are effective, they remain widely underused. The cardiovascular (CV) epidemic is the leading cause of deaths in America with heart attacks and stroke contributing to most of the CV deaths — one person dies every 36 seconds from cardiovascular disease. If approved, we intend to make enlicitide broadly available as an affordable option for American patients to help address the CV epidemic. Additionally, the company reached an understanding with the U.S. Department of Commerce to delay Section 232 tariffs for three years, enabling the company to make investments in the United States to reshore manufacturing for American patients. Merck investments in American innovation Merck has accelerated its commitment to U.S. innovation and manufacturing, building on its 15 manufacturing and R&D facilities and a strong workforce in the U.S. of more than 30,000. The company has invested over $12 billion in U.S. manufacturing since 2017 and $81 billion in U.S.-based R&D since 2018, supporting tens of thousands of American jobs. Over the next several years, Merck will invest more than $70 billion in capital and R&D spending, including at least $12 billion in capital expenditures, to drive long-term growth and strengthen the U.S. position as a global leader in biopharmaceutical innovation. This includes Merck’s recent announcements of manufacturing facilities in Virginia, Kansas and Delaware, which alone will create 1,200 full-time jobs and support 15,000 construction jobs. About Merck At Merck, known as MSD outside of the United States and Canada, we are unified around our purpose: We use the power of leading-edge science to save and improve lives around the world. For more than 130 years, we have brought hope to humanity through the development of important medicines and vaccines. We aspire to be the premier research-intensive biopharmaceutical company in the world — and today, we are at the forefront of research to deliver innovative health solutions that advance the prevention and treatment of diseases in people and animals. We foster a diverse and inclusive global workforce and operate responsibly every day to enable a safe, sustainable and healthy future for all people and communities. For more information, visit www.merck.com and connect with us on X (formerly Twitter), Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and LinkedIn. Forward-Looking Statement of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, N.J., USA This news release of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, N.J., USA (the “company”) includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based upon the current beliefs and expectations of the company’s management and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties. There can be no guarantees with respect to pipeline candidates that the candidates will receive the necessary regulatory approvals or that they will prove to be commercially successful. If underlying assumptions prove inaccurate or risks or uncertainties materialize, actual results may differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. Risks and uncertainties include but are not limited to, general industry conditions and competition; general economic factors, including interest rate and currency exchange rate fluctuations; the impact of pharmaceutical industry regulation and health care legislation in the United States and internationally; global trends toward health care cost containment; technological advances, new products and patents attained by competitors; challenges inherent in new product development, including obtaining regulatory approval; the company’s ability to accurately predict future market conditions; manufacturing difficulties or delays; financial instability of international economies and sovereign risk; dependence on the effectiveness of the company’s patents and other protections for innovative products; and the exposure to litigation, including patent litigation, and/or regulatory actions. The company undertakes no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Additional factors that could cause results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements can be found in the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and the company’s other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) available at the SEC’s Internet site (www.sec.gov). Appendix Generic product names are provided below. JANUMET (sitagliptin and metformin HCl) JANUMET XR (sitagliptin and metformin HCI extended-release) JANUVIA (sitagliptin) Media Contacts: John Cummins john.cummins2@merck.com Melissa Moody melissa.moody@merck.com Investor Contacts: Peter Dannenbaum (732) 594-1579 Steven Graziano (732) 594-1583

Drug Approval

16 Dec 2025

·pmlive.com

Researchers at University of Geneva develop test platform for cancer treatments

Researchers at the University of Geneva (UNIGE) have developed in vitro models of the kidneys, liver and heart for the purposes of testing the effects of new cancer treatments on healthy tissue. Acquired resistance, when tumours develop resistance to cancer treatments, represents a major challenge in oncology. While combination therapies have shown great promise in overcoming that resistance, they are often highly toxic to healthy organs and tissues. The UNIGE team’s new laboratory platform allows for the rapid testing of drug effects without the need for animal models. Patrycja Nowak-Sliwinska, associate professor in the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences at the UNIGE Faculty of Science, said: “This platform models the human kidney, heart and liver in vitro, as clusters of cells derived from human tissue. “[It enables us to] study how new drug combinations interact with these organs and then decide whether it is justified to move on to in vivo testing in humans or animals.” The research, published in Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, focused on the kidneys, liver and heart – three organs that are particularly sensitive to combination therapies. Scientists from the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, in collaboration with the UNIGE Faculty of Medicine and Geneva University Hospital (HUG), tested two drug combinations currently in development, C2 (erlotinib HCl, dasatinib, tubacin, tacedinaline) and REMP (erlotinib HCl, parthenolide, metformin HCl, RAPTA-C). In one notable finding, they discovered that C2 demonstrated significant liver toxicity, showing that in vivo testing may not be appropriate for this combination. Another advantage of this new approach is that it takes only two weeks to obtain results, whereas animal models take around ten weeks or more. The researchers noted: “In addition to saving a significant amount of time, this approach is fully in line with the 3R principle, which aims to ‘reduce’, ‘replace’ and ‘refine’ the use of animal models in research.” The next step in the research will be to extend the model to other treatment-sensitive organs. The researchers hope to one day move beyond standard cell lines and instead use patient-derived cells, allowing drug combinations to be tested for toxicity in a personalised context.

12 Dec 2025

·firstwordpharma.com

CHMP roundup: GSK's asthma treatment, Cytokinetics' aficamten poised for EU, US approvals

With FDA approvals on the horizon for two experimental medicines from GSK and Cytokinetics, the candidates are now also one step closer to EU clearances after receiving positive opinions from the European Medicines Agency's Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) on Friday. GSK's depemokimab received a thumbs up from CHMP for two indications: severe asthma with type 2 inflammation, and severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). The long-acting IL-5 inhibitor is nearing a Dec. 16 PDUFA date in the US for the same pair of disease settings (see – Spotlight On: Key PDUFA dates to watch in 4Q25). In patients with CRSwNP, GSK's Phase III ANCHOR-1 and -2 studies demonstrated that depemokimab improved both nasal polyp score and nasal obstruction score compared with placebo, meeting the studies' co-primary endpoints.The Phase III SWIFT-1 and SWIFT-2 trials were also successes, showing that depemokimab reduced the annual rate of asthma exacerbations by 54% in patients with severe asthma.In a recent interview with FirstWord, Dean Edell, a pulmonologist at Our Lady of Lourdes Regional Medical Center, was impressed with depemokimab's convenient dosing and its "pretty good to excellent efficacy with low side effects." For more from that discussion, see KOL Views Q&A: GSK's depemokimab poised to challenge hierarchy among asthma biologics.The IL-5 inhibitor, which is administered every six months, is also in Phase III testing for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and GSK has projected $4 billion in peak annual sales for the drug.oHCM approvals on the wayCHMP also gave a nod for Cytokinetics' aficamten to treat obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (oHCM). The cardiac myosin inhibitor faces a Dec. 26 FDA decision deadline in the same indication — delayed from an initial PDUFA date of Sept. 26. after the US regulator requested a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS).Aficamten is backed by findings from the Phase III SEQUOIA-HCM trial in 282 patients with symptomatic oHCM. The candidate succeeded on the primary endpoint of exercise capacity, increasing peak oxygen uptake (pVO2) by 1.74 mL/kg/min compared to placebo on cardiopulmonary exercise testing.At the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) meeting in August, Cytokinetics also shared data from the Phase III MAPLE-HCM trial on Saturday, which showed aficamten significantly improved pVO2 compared with metoprolol, a beta blocker that has served as the default treatment for oHCM for decades. Experts who spoke with FirstWord following the MAPLE-HCM readout said aficamten would be a welcome addition to the oHCM treatment paradigm. For further feedback, see Physician Views Results: Poll shows US physicians see Cytokinetics’ aficamten as meaningful advance in oHCM care and KOL Views Q&A: Aficamten could eventually redefine oHCM care, but will start as an add-on therapy.New indications for Winrevair, MounjaroAlso on Friday, the committee recommended label expansions for Merck & Co.'s Winrevair (sotatercept) and Eli Lilly's Mounjaro (tirzepatide).CHMP gave a positive opinion to the GLP-1/GIP dual agonist to treat type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents aged 10 and older, in combination with diet and physical activity, whose disease is not adequately controlled.At the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) in September, Lilly presented data from the SURPASS-PEDS trial, which enrolled 99 participants under the age of 18 with type 2 diabetes not adequately controlled on metformin, basal insulin or combination therapy.At 30 weeks, those taking Mounjaro achieved a clinically meaningful 2.2% reduction in HbA1c from baseline, as opposed to 0.05% with placebo, meeting the primary endpoint. Meanwhile, Winrevair got a nod to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), in combination with other PAH therapies, in adults with functional class (FC) II, III, and IV disease. The FDA approved the drug's expanded indication in October. The activin signalling inhibitor is currently approved in the EU for adults with PAH FC II to III to improve exercise capacity. The proposed label expansion is based on findings from the Phase III ZENITH study, which demonstrated that adding Winrevair to background therapy led to a 76% reduction in the risk of major morbidity and mortality outcomes compared with placebo.Following the readout, FirstWord polled 38 US cardiologists and pulmonologists who treat PAH to see how the data will affect how they prescribe Winrevair — and all responded saying they expect to use the therapy in some number of patients newly diagnosed with PAH in the first year (see – Physician Views Results: Merck & Co.'s Winrevair set to move upstream).More approvals Other products that received backing from CHMP on Friday include ImmunityBio's Anktiva (nogapendekin alfa inbakicept). The committee recommended conditional approval of the recombinant IL-15 superagonist protein complex in combination with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin to treat BCG-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer carcinoma in situ.Moderna's next-generation COVID-19 vaccine mNEXSPIKE was also recommended for approval in individuals aged 12 and older. The FDA in May cleared the shot for adults 65 and older, and those between the ages of 12 and 64 who are at high risk for severe disease.Aumolertinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor from SFL Pharmaceuticals, also received a positive opinion to treat non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Specifically, the nod was for the first‑line treatment of adults with advanced NSCLC whose tumours have EGFR exon 19 deletions or exon 21 substitution mutations, or those with EGFR T790M mutation‑positive disease.

Clinical ResultPhase 3Drug ApprovalVaccine

100 Deals associated with Metformin Hydrochloride

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00944	Metformin Hydrochloride	A10BA02	DBSALT000114

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Diabetes Mellitus	United States	Andrx Labs LLC	27 Apr 2004
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	China	Ankang Zhengda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.	01 Jan 1992

Developing

10 top R&D records.

to view more data

Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Invasive Mammary Carcinoma	Phase 3	United States	City of Hope National Medical Center	16 Dec 2024
Chronic Disease	Phase 3	United States	Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation	29 Jul 2020
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	Phase 3	United States	Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.	01 Feb 2019
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal	Phase 3	Austria	Merck Serono GmbH	26 Sep 2018
Fragile X Syndrome	Phase 3	United States	University of California, Davis	30 Apr 2018
Fragile X Syndrome	Phase 3	Canada	University of California, Davis	30 Apr 2018
Metabolic Syndrome	Phase 3	United States	Rutgers State University of New Jersey	07 Aug 2017
Atypical hyperplasia	Phase 3	United States	Alliance Foundation Trials LLC	23 Nov 2015
Breast Cancer	Phase 3	United States	Alliance Foundation Trials LLC	23 Nov 2015
Breast hyperplasia	Phase 3	United States	Alliance Foundation Trials LLC	23 Nov 2015

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT03109847 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma \| Thyroid Dysgenesis	13	Radioactive Iodine+Metformin Hydrochloride (Arm I (metformin hydrochloride))	hpcmbjelqd(zsaijewmjl) = okwshdessz ifixxxgpcu (qiqntzmyuo, cboyfddqoj - grxdvthzks) View more	-	11 Dec 2025
				Radioactive Iodine (Arm II (placebo))	hpcmbjelqd(zsaijewmjl) = nrgkzcrofq ifixxxgpcu (qiqntzmyuo, oajyaeeyuo - bnalqrlkvd) View more
NCT05064488 (CTgov)	Phase 1	-	40	rosuvastatin+digoxin+metformin (Part 1: Cocktail)	vnmkrdfldf(ipbwojrxbb) = dsdiyhikdi xmiwcgztjv (dlnbdxvhdn, 21.5) View more	-	05 Dec 2025
				Evobrutinib (Part 1: Evobrutinib + Cocktail)	vnmkrdfldf(ipbwojrxbb) = kgfulnciey xmiwcgztjv (dlnbdxvhdn, 23.7) View more
NCT04885530 (ACTIV-6, CTgov)	Phase 3	COVID-19	10,956	Ivermectin (Arm A - Ivermectin 400)	qizrzcfxmq = iobgeqhzgi pnselgdldq (hvfppdmvqw, swfseupjid - juyktllgfx) View more	-	17 Nov 2025
				Fluvoxamine (Arm B - Fluvoxamine)	qizrzcfxmq = acxtkuvpfi pnselgdldq (hvfppdmvqw, uqhlpzgwbn - dlkgvnlpzk) View more
NCT03355469 (CTgov)	Phase 2/3	Metabolic Syndrome	91	Placebo (LoEx With Placebo)	wrmqatnclx(htslfpnily) = guqkwjcoos rdipyebzzw (bstmwxqtzd, vjluzmmorm - tslkbjvlif) View more	-	22 Sep 2025
				High Intensity Exercise (HiEx With Placebo)	wrmqatnclx(htslfpnily) = xyeowfynyo rdipyebzzw (bstmwxqtzd, bwjzxpcllv - ttkbbvqhwa) View more
NCT03765359 (Pubmed \| Diabetes Metab Res Rev)	Phase 4	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1	101	Metformin (Type 1 Diabetes)	lcgfkypool(vbzmoaeqgz): P-Value = 0.193 View more	Positive	01 Sep 2025
				Placebo (Type 1 Diabetes)
NCT02570672 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Frailty Syndrome	141	metformin (Metformin)	yvdpxdatiq(kfqvmobllg) = krxygerwnn gfbcudxgmx (rtxqyopcas, 0.0002) View more	-	06 Aug 2025
				Placebo (Placebo)	yvdpxdatiq(kfqvmobllg) = wfkuqhzqhv gfbcudxgmx (rtxqyopcas, 0.0002) View more
NCT00268476 (STAMPEDE, Pubmed \| Lancet Oncol)	Phase 3	Metastatic Prostate Carcinoma	1,874	Metformin (Standard of care)	coornjjezu(wsvhbllmfx) = The side-effect profile of metformin was as expected and consisted mainly of diarrhoea atrmekxyal (neqikzjrva )	Negative	01 Aug 2025
				Standard of care + Metformin 850 mg twice daily
NCT06042855 (CTgov)	Phase 3	COVID-19	3,214	Metformin (Arm G - Metformin)	hcqxbxfene(dlytgsynmu) = wpnuelpptf crlsifwwbl (cxhykqaziz, ybsewgjfcg - ypfchtzfyg) View more	-	20 Jul 2025
				Placebo (Arm G - Placebo)	hcqxbxfene(dlytgsynmu) = mvmwayxzmh crlsifwwbl (cxhykqaziz, ushiibzxno - dfheziixmi) View more
Pubmed \| JAMA Intern Med	Phase 3	COVID-19	2,991	Metformin	wbvdkllabu(phphxfgzut) = pmxiagngig fboghhnfks (wybhofvmrn )	Negative	14 Jul 2025
				Placebo	wbvdkllabu(phphxfgzut) = qnucxfsjof fboghhnfks (wybhofvmrn )
NCT02500147 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Metabolic Syndrome \| Polycystic Ovary Syndrome \| Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease	3	Metformin (Metformin)	pufvklrmsk(ulwlyosjqq) = nvqjguntxx fipcoioxhr (uwwswevbtp, NA) View more	-	02 Jul 2025
				Placebo (Placebo)	pufvklrmsk(ulwlyosjqq) = kuvsckuryk fipcoioxhr (uwwswevbtp, 2.6) View more

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Metformin Hydrochloride

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