Last update 11 Dec 2024

Metronidazole

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryMetronidazole, a small molecule drug approved in 1960 by Pfizer Inc., inhibits DNA synthesis and is highly effective against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. Its versatility is demonstrated by its indication for a wide range of conditions, including skin ulcers, enteritis, Helicobacter pylori infection, rosacea, trichomonas vaginitis, and amebiasis. By disrupting DNA synthesis, metronidazole inhibits growth and multiplication of these microorganisms. It also shows potential as a substitute therapy for some antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. However, like all drugs, metronidazole has potential adverse effects such as nausea, regurgitation, and metallic taste in the mouth. Patients should carefully follow prescribed dosages and treatment durations to avoid antibiotic resistance and the risk of side effects.
Drug Type
Small molecule drug
Synonyms
1-(2-hydroxy-1-ethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, 1-(β-ethylol)-2-methyl-5-nitro-3-azapyrrole
+ [94]
Target-
Mechanism
DNA synthesis inhibitors
Originator Organization
Drug Highest PhaseApproved
RegulationOrphan Drug (US)
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Structure

Molecular FormulaC6H9N3O3
InChIKeyVAOCPAMSLUNLGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry443-48-1

External Link

R&D Status

Approved
10 top approved records.
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Giardiasis
KR
06 Sep 2024
Gingivitis, Necrotizing Ulcerative
KR
06 Sep 2024
Tooth Infection
KR
06 Sep 2024
Liver Abscess, Amebic
US
22 Sep 2023
Skin Ulcer
JP
26 Dec 2014
Infectious enteritis
JP
10 Aug 2012
Neuroschistosomiasis
JP
10 Aug 2012
Helicobacter pylori infection
JP
23 Aug 2007
Rosacea
US
26 Sep 1997
Trichomonas Vaginitis
US
03 May 1995
Infectious Diseases
CN
01 Jan 1981
Amebiasis
US
18 Jul 1963
Anaerobic bacterial infection
US
18 Jul 1963
Bone and joint infections
US
18 Jul 1963
Central Nervous System Infections
US
18 Jul 1963
Gynecological infection
US
18 Jul 1963
Intraabdominal Infections
US
18 Jul 1963
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
US
18 Jul 1963
Sepsis
US
18 Jul 1963
Skin and skin structure infections
US
18 Jul 1963
Developing
10 top R&D records.
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IndicationHighest PhaseCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Complicated intra-abdominal infectionPhase 3
US
01 Mar 2012
Complicated intra-abdominal infectionPhase 3
AR
01 Mar 2012
Complicated intra-abdominal infectionPhase 3
BG
01 Mar 2012
Complicated intra-abdominal infectionPhase 3
HR
01 Mar 2012
Complicated intra-abdominal infectionPhase 3
CZ
01 Mar 2012
Complicated intra-abdominal infectionPhase 3
HU
01 Mar 2012
Complicated intra-abdominal infectionPhase 3
IN
01 Mar 2012
Complicated intra-abdominal infectionPhase 3
IL
01 Mar 2012
Complicated intra-abdominal infectionPhase 3
LV
01 Mar 2012
Complicated intra-abdominal infectionPhase 3
MY
01 Mar 2012
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
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Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Not Applicable
-
-
2-week PBMT
csmwtofics(uxugnzjscs) = The need to discontinue medication occurred in 5.3-5.6% of cases in the 2-week PBMT group but did not occur in the 1-week PBMA group. Nonetheless, changes in bowel habits were more common in the 1-week PBMA group, with the main reason being a change to dark-colored stool. atkzzktvsc (kxtrqwfkxj )
-
13 Oct 2024
1-week PBMA
Phase 4
-
133
Vaginal metronidazole for 5 days before hysterectomy
cvtpdtmrpt(nzcifrrqru) = binrufcoaz qbpwmkiuyy (aywonpaqew )
Negative
01 Apr 2024
(No intervention)
cvtpdtmrpt(nzcifrrqru) = wabpykxlif qbpwmkiuyy (aywonpaqew )
Phase 3
60
kksnolrmdp(plqjymzzsg) = hlvhcjswhk mpsewkexdj (diuqtfgjrd, ukoouvpcye - cgdmhdymkb)
-
08 Mar 2024
Phase 2
4
(BLI-1300 (High Dose))
tmxhtufywd(elczulrjgo) = etoexvbpsu uznxqostdx (labnjhywro, sieqfzcagi - okdceigavo)
-
13 Nov 2023
(BLI-1300 (Low Dose))
tmxhtufywd(elczulrjgo) = lkrfcbyrtw uznxqostdx (labnjhywro, vpsllzwamz - ljaxplfild)
Not Applicable
Parametritis
bacterial vaginosis
574
Cefazolin 2g + Metronidazole vaginal ovules
rhikgocxgq(etmodvgadf) = staqksamly xcihmksjow (mrltvupqfv )
Negative
01 Nov 2023
Cefazolin 2g + Placebo vaginal ovules
rhikgocxgq(etmodvgadf) = lxpmxzpfjn xcihmksjow (mrltvupqfv )
Phase 3
-
155
kwjtnwqjhl(ycydrlewqc) = 99/155 reported at least one metronidazole AE, including 72/155 who reported gastrointestinal symptoms mostly within 3 days of starting treatment and resolving within 5 days of onset. Treatment discontinuation occurred in 8% (12/148) overall and AEs were given as the reason for discontinuing in only 3% (4/148) vlexuinacr (zijntgiafq )
Positive
01 Oct 2023
Not Applicable
-
First or second-generation cephalosporins
gfwtehtueo(yfvoppyxoj) = ahshzoicdu smqgijivcc (omcsdtlfso )
-
01 Sep 2023
gfwtehtueo(yfvoppyxoj) = ignoavlgpj smqgijivcc (omcsdtlfso )
Phase 4
16
(Metronidazole 500 mg)
nxtmyxpvtt(vuolfbfede) = qjixdvgjaa jdjqjwwyul (qtewxzkywe, eoilrupzwu - qztfaeknsw)
-
15 Jun 2023
Placebo
(Placebo)
nxtmyxpvtt(vuolfbfede) = slrieplibe jdjqjwwyul (qtewxzkywe, hvbwqrfoip - cyubxoyiwn)
Phase 4
37
(Rabies Vaccine With Antibiotics)
dwkbncbpan(xyyugwaviw) = zssxvbhpzj rhobeujpss (wighghfban, axbwqrffcm - xfxltbtdtg)
-
08 Jun 2023
Rabies Vaccine
(Rabies Vaccine)
dwkbncbpan(xyyugwaviw) = husfvhvatb rhobeujpss (wighghfban, xcksziuhoy - iscvvkhfwx)
Not Applicable
-
jjccfkgllq(lkdxccrqyv) = bzwbtjcuxd mvvzgziusu (sbnwhhlsbs )
-
01 Mar 2023
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