A Single Center, Open Label, Phase 1 Study in Healthy Participants to Investigate the Drug-Drug Interactions Between TNP-2198 and Midazolam, Clarithromycin

This is a single center, open label, drug-drug interaction, Phase 1 study of TNP-2198 in approximately 32 healthy participants, includes 2 cohorts (16 participants per cohort): Midazolam cohort and Clarithromycin cohort. Midazolam cohort will evaluate the effect of multiple oral doses of TNP-2198 capsules on the pharmacokinetics (PK) parameters of a single oral dose of midazolam, a cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 3A sensitive substrate, in healthy participants; Clarithromycin cohort will evaluate the effect of multiple oral doses of clarithromycin tablets, a strong CYP3A and P-gp inhibitor, on the PK parameters of multiple oral doses of TNP-2198 in healthy participants.

Start Date26 Aug 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator

TenNor Therapeutics Suzhou Ltd.

CTR20242839 / CompletedPhase 1

在健康受试者中评价TNP-2198与咪达唑仑、克拉霉素药物相互作用的单中心、开放、I 期临床研究

[Translation] A single-center, open-label, phase I clinical study to evaluate the drug-drug interaction between TNP-2198 and midazolam and clarithromycin in healthy subjects

主要目的——咪达唑仑组：在健康受试者中评价TNP-2198 胶囊多次口服给药对咪达唑仑口服溶液单次口服给药药代动力学（PK）参数的影响；克拉霉素组：在健康受试者中评价克拉霉素片多次口服给药对TNP-2198 胶囊多次口服给药PK 参数的影响。次要目的——咪达唑仑组：在健康受试者中评价咪达唑仑口服溶液单次口服给药或与TNP-2198 胶囊多次同时口服给药的安全耐受性；克拉霉素组：在健康受试者中评价TNP-2198 胶囊多次口服给药或与克拉霉素片多次同时口服给药的安全耐受性。

[Translation]

Primary objective - midazolam group: to evaluate the effect of multiple oral administration of TNP-2198 capsules on the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of single oral administration of midazolam oral solution in healthy subjects; clarithromycin group: to evaluate the effect of multiple oral administration of clarithromycin tablets on the PK parameters of multiple oral administration of TNP-2198 capsules in healthy subjects. Secondary objective - midazolam group: to evaluate the safety and tolerability of single oral administration of midazolam oral solution or multiple simultaneous oral administration with TNP-2198 capsules in healthy subjects; clarithromycin group: to evaluate the safety and tolerability of multiple oral administration of TNP-2198 capsules or multiple simultaneous oral administration with clarithromycin tablets in healthy subjects.

Start Date22 Aug 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator

TenNor Therapeutics Suzhou Ltd.

NCT06396078 / RecruitingPhase 4IIT

Improvement of PPROM Management With Prophylactic Antimicrobial Therapy

To conduct an unblinded pragmatic randomized controlled trial (pRCT) "Improvement of PPROM Management with Prophylactic Antimicrobial Therapy (iPROMPT)" of a seven-day course of ceftriaxone, clarithromycin, and metronidazole versus the current standard of care of a seven-day course of ampicillin/amoxicillin and azithromycin or erythromycin to prolong pregnancy and decrease adverse perinatal outcomes among hospitalized pregnant individuals undergoing expectant management of PPROM <34 weeks.

Start Date18 Jul 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator

The Ohio State University

100 Clinical Results associated with Clarithromycin

100 Translational Medicine associated with Clarithromycin

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Clarithromycin

11,459

Literatures (Medical) associated with Clarithromycin

01 Feb 2025·Current pediatric reviews

Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcal Pharyngitis: An Updated Review

Review

Author: Leong, Kin F. ; Barankin, Benjamin ; Leung, Alexander K.C. ; Lam, Joseph M. ; Hon, Kam L.

Background::

Group A ß-hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS) is the leading bacterial cause of acute pharyngitis in children and adolescents worldwide.

Objective::

This article aims to familiarize clinicians with the clinical manifestations, evaluation, diagnosis, and management of GABHS pharyngitis.

Methods::

A search was conducted in December 2022 in PubMed Clinical Queries using the key term “group A β-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis”. This review covers mainly literature published in the previous ten years.

Results::

Children with GABHS pharyngitis typically present with an abrupt onset of fever, intense pain in the throat, pain on swallowing, an inflamed pharynx, enlarged and erythematous tonsils, a red and swollen uvula, enlarged tender anterior cervical lymph nodes. As clinical manifestations may not be specific, even experienced clinicians may have difficulties diagnosing GABHS pharyngitis solely based on epidemiologic or clinical grounds alone. Patients suspected of having GABHS pharyngitis should be confirmed by microbiologic testing (e.g., culture, rapid antigen detection test, molecular point-of-care test) of a throat swab specimen prior to the initiation of antimicrobial therapy. Microbiologic testing is generally unnecessary in patients with pharyngitis whose clinical and epidemiologic findings do not suggest GABHS. Clinical score systems such as the Centor score and McIssac score have been developed to help clinicians decide which patients should undergo diagnostic testing and reduce the unnecessary use of antimicrobials. Antimicrobial therapy should be initiated without delay once the diagnosis is confirmed. Oral penicillin V and amoxicillin remain the drugs of choice. For patients who have a non-anaphylactic allergy to penicillin, oral cephalosporin is an acceptable alternative. For patients with a history of immediate, anaphylactic-type hypersensitivity to penicillin, oral clindamycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin are acceptable alternatives.

Conclusion::

Early diagnosis and antimicrobial treatment are recommended to prevent suppurative complications (e.g., cervical lymphadenitis, peritonsillar abscess) and non-suppurative complications (particularly rheumatic fever) as well as to reduce the severity of symptoms, to shorten the du-ration of the illness and to reduce disease transmission.

31 Dec 2024·Gut Microbes

The crosstalk between efflux pump and resistance gene mutation in Helicobacter pylori

Article

Author: Wang, Youhua ; Li, Zhen ; Gong, Xiaoling ; Yong, Xie ; Liu, Dongsheng ; An, Ying

Efflux pumps play a crucial role in the development of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between efflux pump gene expression and resistance gene mutations in Helicobacter pylori. Twenty-six clinical strains with varying resistance characteristics were selected for further experiment. Seven susceptible strains were induced to become resistant, and the expression of efflux pump genes and point mutations were recorded. Four susceptible strains were selected to undergo candidate mutation construction, and changes in efflux pump gene expression were detected. Efflux pump knockout strains were constructed, and their effects on preventing and reversing antibiotic resistance gene mutations were assessed. Results showed that the expression of efflux pump genes hefA and hefD was significantly higher in the multidrug-resistant group compared to other groups. During the process of antibiotic-induced resistance, efflux pump gene expression did not exhibit a steady increase or decrease. Strains with the A2143G or A2142G point mutations in 23S rRNA exhibited lower hefA gene expression. Strains with mutations at 87K/91N, 87N/91 G, 87K/91D, or 87N/91Y in gyrA and the 194insertA mutation in rdxA showed higher hefA gene expression compared to the wild-type strain. During the process of antibiotic-induced resistance, the strain with the knockout of the efflux pump gene hefA developed mutations in the 23S rRNA, gyrA, or rdxA genes later compared to the wild-type strain. Knockout of the efflux pump gene could reverse the phenotypic resistance to clarithromycin or metronidazole in some strains but had no effect on reverse resistance gene mutation. This study suggested that different resistance gene point mutations may have varying effects on efflux pump gene expression. Knockout of the efflux pump gene can delay or prevent antibiotic resistance gene mutations to some extent and can reverse phenotypic resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole in certain strains.

31 Dec 2024·PLATELETS

A case of acquired transient bleeding diathesis associated with acquired platelet storage pool deficiency and defective thromboxane A2 production

Article

Author: Bossi, Elena ; Cattaneo, Marco ; Femia, Eti Alessandra ; Clerici, Bianca ; Fioretti, Antonella ; Ghali, Claudia ; Scavone, Mariangela ; Podda, Gian Marco

Acquired disorders of platelet function are an underdiagnosed cause of bleeding tendency. A 14-year-old girl developed moderate mucocutaneous bleeding two weeks after a Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection successfully treated with clarithromycin. The patient was referred to us 7 months later for laboratory investigation of the persisting bleeding diathesis. The patient's personal and family histories were negative for bleeding disorders. Complete blood count, von Willebrand Factor levels and coagulation tests were normal; platelet aggregation, ATP secretion, δ-granules content and serum thromboxane B2 levels were defective. At follow-up visits, laboratory parameters and the bleeding diathesis progressively normalized within 2 years. The patient's condition is compatible with a diagnosis of acquired Storage Pool Deficiency (SPD), associated with defective thromboxane A2 production. To our knowledge, this is the first case of acquired, transient SPD with spontaneous remission. The pathogenic role of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection or clarithromycin is possible, albeit uncertain.

148

News (Medical) associated with Clarithromycin

27 Oct 2024

·www.globenewswire.com

Phathom Pharmaceuticals to Present VOQUEZNA® Data at the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) 2024 Annual Meeting

FLORHAM PARK, N.J., Oct. 27, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: PHAT), a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing novel treatments for gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, today announced that the company will present data from multiple investigational studies for its first-in-class treatment VOQUEZNA® (vonoprazan) tablets at the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) 2024 Annual Scientific Meeting, being held October 25-30 in Philadelphia, PA. VOQUEZNA is approved for the relief of heartburn associated with Non-Erosive Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (Non-Erosive GERD), for the treatment of all severities of Erosive Esophagitis, commonly referred to as Erosive GERD, and relief of related heartburn, and in combination with antibiotics for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection.1 VOQUEZNA is the first and only U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved potassium-competitive acid blocker (PCAB).2 Evaluating On-Demand VOQUEZNA Treatment from the PHALCON-NERD-201 Trial3In an oral presentation being presented Monday, October 28 at ACG, Ronnie Fass, M.D., director of the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and medical director of the Digestive Health Center at MetroHealth in Cleveland, Ohio, and lead investigator of the PHALCON-NERD-201 trial, will provide results from a post-hoc analysis of the Phase 2 study. This research, recognized with the ACG Outstanding Research Award in the ‘Esophagus’ category, evaluated the efficacy of As Needed (On-Demand) dosing of VOQUEZNA, compared to placebo, for relief of episodic heartburn in participants with Non-Erosive GERD following a 4-week VOQUEZNA daily dosing “run-in” period. As previously reported, the primary analysis of the study demonstrated that all three VOQUEZNA doses tested (10 mg, 20 mg and 40 mg) had higher percentages of heartburn completely relieved within three hours of dosing and sustained for 24 hours, with significant differences reported as early as one hour. Use of As Needed dosing in this population is investigational as VOQUEZNA has been neither evaluated nor approved by the FDA as an As Needed treatment for Non-Erosive GERD. To understand the practical application of As Needed dosing for VOQUEZNA, the new analysis examined daily heartburn symptom burden at baseline, during daily VOQUEZNA treatment, and upon switching to As Needed treatment after achieving symptom control during the run-in period. It also further evaluated the rate of symptom improvement upon treating new onset heartburn episodes during the As Needed dosing period.3 “As a healthcare provider, the concept of a novel As Needed dosing option for Non-Erosive GERD is highly compelling. I am pleased that ACG has recognized this data as a recipient of the ACG Outstanding Research Award, further reinforcing its importance to the GI community,” said Ronnie Fass, M.D. “The low frequency of heartburn after discontinuing daily VOQUEZNA treatment, coupled with the rapid onset of improvement following As Needed dosing, suggests that transitioning from daily dosing to As Needed treatment is a viable option for patients who previously respond well to daily therapy of VOQUEZNA. These promising results warrant further investigation in a larger and extended As Needed study period.” The double-blind, placebo-controlled PHALCON-NERD Phase 2 study randomized 207 patients who were eligible for On-Demand (“As Needed”) treatment following a 4-week daily dosing run-in period in which patients received VOQUEZNA 20 mg once-daily. Patients without heartburn in the last seven days of the run-in period were evenly randomized to receive 10 mg, 20 mg or 40 mg of VOQUEZNA, or placebo, for six weeks. Results of the study were published in Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics in September 2023.4 Results:3 Patients eligible for the On-Demand period (n=207) were highly symptomatic with a reported mean of 16.1% [95% CI: (13.5%, 18.7%)] heartburn-free days during screening. Heartburn-free days increased during the run-in period to a mean of 82.9% [95% CI: (80.4%, 85.4%)] and remained well above pre-treatment levels (means 71% to 75%) throughout the six-week On-Demand period.The difference in the improvement of treated heartburn episodes between the active and placebo groups became evident within the first hour of dosing (10 mg [75.5%, p<0.0001], 20 mg [69.1%, p = 0.0010], 40 mg [75.5%, p<0.0001], placebo [57.0%]).Over 90% of heartburn episodes treated with VOQUEZNA improved within two hours. Non-Erosive GERD is the largest category of GERD and is characterized by reflux-related symptoms in the absence of esophageal mucosal erosions. An estimated 45 million U.S. adults are living with Non-Erosive GERD, and approximately 15 million are treated with a prescription medicine annually. Despite longstanding treatment options, many patients continue to suffer from heartburn symptoms. As Needed dosing is a unique and differentiated dosing regimen for which proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), a mainstay of GERD treatment, are not approved in the U.S.5 In July 2024, VOQUEZNA was approved by the FDA as a daily dosing treatment for the relief of heartburn associated with Non-Erosive GERD in adults.1 Nocturnal GERD Symptoms in Non-Erosive GERD6 In a poster presentation on Monday, October 28 at ACG, which has received ACG’s Presidential Poster Award, Dr. Catiele Antunes, M.D., Yale New Haven Hospital, will present data looking at the common, yet infrequently evaluated, nocturnal symptoms among patients with Non-Erosive GERD. The study included an exploratory analysis of a validated patient-reported outcomes scale, the Nocturnal Gastro-esophageal reflux disease Symptom Severity and Impact Questionnaire (N-GSSIQ), to determine the severity, morning impact, and concern about nocturnal GERD. “We are very pleased to continue to add to the body of clinical research evaluating the potential benefits of VOQUEZNA for GERD patients,” said Eckhard Leifke, M.D., Chief Medical Officer at Phathom. “In our study, patients who experienced nocturnal GERD symptoms prior to VOQUEZNA treatment found effective and meaningful relief with daily dosing, reinforcing its potent and durable acid suppression profile in helping to address both daytime and nighttime heartburn. While these findings are exploratory, they show promise for the many individuals suffering from nocturnal GERD symptoms.” Results:6 Among 772 subjects, the mean percentage of heartburn-free nights during the screening period was 29.6%, 25.8% and 31.1%, for patients randomized to placebo, VOQUEZNA 10 mg and 20 mg, respectively.After 4 weeks, the least-square (LS) mean percentage of heartburn-free nights was significantly better with 59.9% for VOQUEZNA 10 mg (LS mean difference=16.5%, p<0.0001 vs. placebo), and 56.4% for VOQUEZNA 20 mg (LS mean difference=13.1%, p<0.0001 vs. placebo), compared to 43.3% for placebo. The median percentage of heartburn-free nights was 70.4% for VOQUEZNA 10 mg and 71.0% for VOQUEZNA 20 mg, compared to 45.5% for placebo.N-GSSIQ scores showed significant improvement with VOQUEZNA compared to placebo in total score (LS mean difference vs. placebo of -2.9 and -1.8 for VOQUEZNA 10 mg and 20 mg, respectively; p<0.005 for both comparisons), nocturnal symptom severity (LS mean difference vs. placebo of -5.4 and -3.5 for VOQUEZNA 10 mg and 20 mg; p<0.001 for both comparisons), and concern about nocturnal GERD (LS mean difference vs. placebo of -2.0 for both VOQUEZNA 10 mg and 20 mg; p<0.0001). In addition to these data presentations, Phathom will sponsor a product theater highlighting VOQUEZNA as an approved treatment for GERD and will also have a presence on the exhibit floor at booth #757 throughout the conference. Following the conclusion of ACG 2024, the abstracts will be posted to the publications and scientific section of the Phathom company website. VOQUEZNA is marketed exclusively by Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and is currently available via prescription. Please visit voqueznapro.com to learn more about VOQUEZNA. About Non-Erosive Gastroesophageal Reflux DiseaseNon-Erosive GERD is the largest category of GERD and is characterized by reflux-related symptoms in the absence of esophageal mucosal erosions. There are over 65 million U.S. patients living with GERD, and it is estimated that approximately 70% of this population have Non-Erosive GERD. Symptoms of Non-Erosive GERD may impact overall quality of life and can include episodic heartburn, especially at night, regurgitation, problems swallowing, and chest pain.7,8 About VOQUEZNA®VOQUEZNA® (vonoprazan) tablets contain vonoprazan, an oral small molecule potassium-competitive acid blocker (PCAB). PCABs are a novel class of medicines that block acid secretion in the stomach. VOQUEZNA is approved in the U.S. for the treatment of adults with Erosive Esophagitis, also known as Erosive GERD, the relief of heartburn associated with Erosive GERD, the relief of heartburn associated with Non-Erosive GERD, and for the treatment of H. pylori infection in combination with either amoxicillin or amoxicillin and clarithromycin. Phathom in-licensed the U.S. rights to vonoprazan from Takeda, which markets the product in Japan and numerous other countries in Asia and Latin America. About Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Phathom Pharmaceuticals is a biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of novel treatments for gastrointestinal diseases. Phathom has in-licensed the exclusive rights to vonoprazan, a first-in-class potassium-competitive acid blocker (PCAB) that is currently marketed in the United States as VOQUEZNA® (vonoprazan) tablets for the treatment of heartburn associated with Non-Erosive GERD in adults, the healing and maintenance of healing of Erosive GERD in adults and associated heartburn, in addition to VOQUEZNA® TRIPLE PAK® (vonoprazan tablets, amoxicillin capsules, clarithromycin tablets) and VOQUEZNA® DUAL PAK® (vonoprazan tablets, amoxicillin capsules) for the treatment of H. pylori infection in adults. For more information about Phathom, visit the company’s website at www.phathompharma.com and follow on LinkedIn and X. INDICATIONS AND USAGE VOQUEZNA® (vonoprazan) is a potassium-competitive acid blocker (PCAB) indicated in adults: for the healing of all grades of Erosive Esophagitis (Erosive Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease or Erosive GERD) and relief of heartburn associated with Erosive GERD.to maintain healing of all grades of Erosive GERD and relief of heartburn associated with Erosive GERD.for the relief of heartburn associated with Non-Erosive GERD.in combination with amoxicillin and clarithromycin for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection.in combination with amoxicillin for the treatment of H. pylori infection. IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION CONTRAINDICATIONS VOQUEZNA is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to vonoprazan or any component of VOQUEZNA, or in patients receiving rilpivirine-containing products. For information about contraindications of antibacterial agents (clarithromycin and amoxicillin) indicated in combination with VOQUEZNA, refer to the Contraindications section of the corresponding prescribing information. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Presence of Gastric Malignancy: In adults, symptomatic response to therapy with VOQUEZNA does not preclude the presence of gastric malignancy. Consider additional follow-up and diagnostic testing in patients who have a suboptimal response or an early symptomatic relapse after completing treatment with VOQUEZNA. In older patients, also consider endoscopy. Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis: Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) has been reported with VOQUEZNA. If suspected, discontinue VOQUEZNA and evaluate patients with suspected acute TIN. Clostridioides difficile-Associated Diarrhea: Published observational studies suggest that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may be associated with an increased risk of Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD), especially in hospitalized patients. VOQUEZNA may also increase the risk of CDAD. Consider CDAD in patients with diarrhea that does not improve. Use the shortest duration of VOQUEZNA appropriate to the condition being treated. CDAD has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents. For more information specific to antibacterial agents (clarithromycin and amoxicillin) indicated for use in combination with VOQUEZNA, refer to Warnings and Precautions section of the corresponding prescribing information. Bone Fracture: Several published observational studies suggest that PPI therapy may be associated with an increased risk for osteoporosis-related fractures of the hip, wrist, or spine, especially in patients receiving high dose (multiple daily doses) and long-term therapy (a year or longer). Bone fracture, including osteoporosis-related fracture, has also been reported with vonoprazan. Use the shortest duration of VOQUEZNA appropriate to the condition being treated. Patients at risk for osteoporosis-related fractures should be managed according to the established treatment guidelines. Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (SCAR): Severe cutaneous adverse reactions, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) have been reported with VOQUEZNA. Discontinue VOQUEZNA at the first signs or symptoms of SCAR or other signs of hypersensitivity and consider further evaluation. Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency: Long-term use of acid-suppressing drugs can lead to malabsorption of Vitamin B12 caused by hypo- or achlorhydria. Vitamin B12 deficiency has been reported postmarketing with vonoprazan. If clinical symptoms consistent with vitamin B12 deficiency are observed in patients treated with VOQUEZNA, consider further workup. Hypomagnesemia and Mineral Metabolism: Hypomagnesemia has been reported postmarketing with vonoprazan. Hypomagnesemia may lead to hypocalcemia and/or hypokalemia and may exacerbate underlying hypocalcemia in at-risk patients. Consider monitoring magnesium levels prior to initiation of VOQUEZNA and periodically in patients expected to be on prolonged treatment, in patients taking drugs that may have increased toxicity in the presence of hypomagnesemia or drugs that may cause hypomagnesemia. Treatment of hypomagnesemia may require magnesium replacement and discontinuation of VOQUEZNA. Consider monitoring magnesium and calcium levels prior to initiation of VOQUEZNA and periodically while on treatment in patients with a preexisting risk of hypocalcemia. Supplement with magnesium and/or calcium, as necessary. If hypocalcemia is refractory to treatment, consider discontinuing VOQUEZNA. Interactions with Diagnostic Investigations for Neuroendocrine Tumors: Serum chromogranin A (CgA) levels increase secondary to drug-induced decreases in gastric acidity. The increased CgA level may cause false positive results in diagnostic investigations for neuroendocrine tumors. Temporarily discontinue VOQUEZNA treatment at least 4 weeks before assessing CgA levels and consider repeating the test if initial CgA levels are high. Fundic Gland Polyps: Use of VOQUEZNA is associated with a risk of fundic gland polyps that increases with long-term use, especially beyond one year. Fundic gland polyps have been reported with vonoprazan in clinical trials and during postmarketing use with PPIs. Most patients who developed fundic gland polyps were asymptomatic and fundic gland polyps were identified incidentally on endoscopy. Use the shortest duration of VOQUEZNA appropriate to the condition being treated. ADVERSE REACTIONS: Healing of Erosive GERD: The most common adverse reactions (≥2% of patients in the VOQUEZNA arm) include gastritis (3%), diarrhea (2%), abdominal distention (2%), abdominal pain (2%), and nausea (2%). Maintenance of Healed Erosive GERD: The most common adverse reactions (≥3% of patients in the VOQUEZNA arm) include gastritis (6%), abdominal pain (4%), dyspepsia (4%), hypertension (3%), and urinary tract infection (3%). Relief of Heartburn Associated with Non-Erosive GERD: The most common adverse reactions (≥2% of patients in the VOQUEZNA arm) include abdominal pain (2%), constipation (2%), diarrhea (2%), nausea (2%), and urinary tract infection (2%). Treatment of H. Pylori Infection (VOQUEZNA and Amoxicillin): The most common adverse reactions (≥2% in any treatment arm) include diarrhea (5%), abdominal pain (3%), vulvovaginal candidiasis (2%), nasopharyngitis (2%), dysgeusia (1%), headache (1%), and hypertension (1%). Treatment of H. Pylori Infection (VOQUEZNA, Amoxicillin and Clarithromycin): The most common adverse reactions (≥2% in any treatment arm) include dysgeusia (5%), diarrhea (4%), vulvovaginal candidiasis (3%), headache (3%), abdominal pain (2%), hypertension (2%), and nasopharyngitis (<1%). For more information on adverse reactions and laboratory changes with amoxicillin or clarithromycin, refer to Adverse Reactions section of the corresponding prescribing information. DRUG INTERACTIONS VOQUEZNA has the potential for clinically important drug interactions, including interactions with drugs dependent on gastric pH for absorption, drugs that are substrates for certain CYP enzymes, and some diagnostic tests. Avoid concomitant use of VOQUEZNA with atazanavir or nelfinavir. See full Prescribing Information for more details about important drug interactions. Consult the labeling of concomitantly used drugs to obtain further information about interactions with vonoprazan. For information about drug interactions, contraindications, and warnings and precautions of antibacterial agents (amoxicillin or clarithromycin) indicated in combination with VOQUEZNA, refer to their corresponding prescribing information. USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Lactation: Breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment. Because of the potential risk of adverse liver effects shown in animal studies with vonoprazan, advise patients not to breastfeed during treatment with VOQUEZNA. Renal Impairment: For the healing of Erosive GERD, dosage reduction is recommended in patients with severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min). Use of VOQUEZNA is not recommended for the treatment of H. pylori infection in patients with severe renal impairment. Hepatic Impairment: For the healing of Erosive GERD, dosage reduction is recommended in patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class B and C). Use of VOQUEZNA is not recommended for the treatment of H. pylori infection in patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment. You are encouraged to report suspected adverse reactions by contacting Phathom Pharmaceuticals at 1-888-775-PHAT (7428) or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. Please see full Prescribing Information for VOQUEZNA. Forward-Looking StatementsThis press release contains forward-looking statements. Words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “could,” “intend,” “target,” “project,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential” or continue” and similar expressions, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, including statements about the ability of vonoprazan to relieve symptoms of GERD following As Needed dosing and to suppress nocturnal symptoms among patients with Non-Erosive GERD. The inclusion of forward-looking statements should not be regarded as a representation by Phathom that any of its plans will be achieved. Actual results may differ from those set forth in this press release due to the risks and uncertainties inherent in Phathom’s business, including, without limitation: additional data related to vonoprazan to relieve symptoms of GERD following As Needed dosing may be inconsistent with the data produced as of the date hereof, and further analysis of existing data and analysis of new data may lead to conclusions different from those established as of the date hereof; the inherent risks of clinical development of vonoprazan; Phathom’s dependence on third parties in connection with product manufacturing, research and preclinical and clinical testing; regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries; unexpected adverse side effects or inadequate efficacy of vonoprazan that may limit its development, regulatory approval and/or commercialization, or may result in recalls or product liability claims; Phathom’s ability to obtain and maintain intellectual property protection and non-patent regulatory exclusivity for vonoprazan; Phathom’s estimates regarding patient population and commercial coverage could prove to be inaccurate; and other risks described in the Company’s prior press releases and the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), including under the heading “Risk Factors” in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and any subsequent filings with the SEC. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof, and Phathom undertakes no obligation to update such statements to reflect events that occur or circumstances that exist after the date hereof. All forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement, which is made under the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. References VOQUEZNA. Prescribing Information. Phathom Pharmaceuticals; 2024.Data on file. Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Florham Park, NJFass R, et al. Heartburn Frequency and Symptom Improvement Rates of Treated Episodes when Switching From Daily to On-Demand Vonoprazan Treatment for Non-Erosive Reflux Disease; American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) 2024 abstract; October 25-30, Philadelphia, PA.Fass R, Vaezi M, Sharma P, et al. Randomised clinical trial: Efficacy and safety of on-demand vonoprazan versus placebo for non-erosive reflux disease. Accessed September 17, 2024. Available at: https://doi-org.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/10.1111/apt.17728Antunes C, Aleem A, Curtis SA. Gastroesophageal reflux disease. NCBI Bookshelf. Accessed January 21, 2024. Available at: https://www-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/books/NBK441938/?report=printableAntunes C, et al. Vonoprazan Improves Nocturnal Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms in Non-Erosive Reflux Disease; American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) 2024 abstract; October 25-30, Philadelphia, PA.Machiacado JD, Greer JB, Yadav D. (2021) Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Diseases. In: Pitchumoni CS, Dharmarajan T, (eds). Geriatric Gastroenterology. Springer, Cham. https://doi-org.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/10.1007/978-3-030-30192-7_7Antunes C, Aleem A, Curtis SA. Gastroesophageal reflux disease. NCBI Bookshelf. Accessed January 21, 2024. Available at: https://www-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/books/NBK441938/?report=printable MEDIA CONTACTNick Benedetto1-877-742-8466media@phathompharma.com INVESTOR CONTACTEric Sciorilli1-877-742-8466ir@phathompharma.com © 2024 Phathom Pharmaceuticals. All rights reserved.VOQUEZNA, VOQUEZNA DUAL PAK, VOQUEZNA TRIPLE PAK, Phathom Pharmaceuticals, and their respective logos are registered trademarks of Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 10/24US-VPZ-24-0557

Clinical ResultDrug ApprovalPhase 2

16 Oct 2024

·www.globenewswire.com

Spero Therapeutics Announces Presentation of SPR719 (Active Moiety of SPR720) In Vitro Data Demonstrating Low Propensity for the Development of Resistance at IDWeek 2024

In vitro data on SPR719 show low propensity for resistance development in NTM-PD MAC strains when administered as a single agent and in combination with standard of care agents Study highlighting SPR720 potential benefits for prolonged combination regimens typical to NTM-PD treatment CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Oct. 16, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Spero Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: SPRO), a multi-asset clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, focused on identifying and developing novel treatments for rare diseases and multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections, today announced a poster presentation at IDWeek 2024, entitled “Evaluation of the Spontaneous Mutation Frequencies of SPR719 Alone and in Combination with Other Agents Used to Treat Mycobacterium avium Complex Pulmonary Disease.” The poster will be presented on Friday, October 18, 2024, in Hall J & K, at 12:15 PM - 1:30 PM Pacific Time. A copy of the poster will be available on the Spero corporate website here. SPR720 is an oral, chemically stable phosphate ester prodrug that is converted rapidly in vivo to SPR719, the active moiety. SPR719 targets the ATPase site of DNA gyrase B in mycobacteria, a mechanism that is distinct from that of other antibiotics in use for nontuberculous mycobacterium pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). The study was conducted in collaboration with Microbiologics, a leading contract research and manufacturing organization (CRMO), partnering with pharmaceutical and diagnostic companies to bring new lifesaving technology, anti-infective drugs, vaccines and therapeutics to market. “These in vitro results present an important aspect of SPR719’s activity against MAC NTM-PD,” said Chris Pillar, Ph.D., Director of Science and Operations, Microbiologics. “Resistance to antibiotics is a major health problem, particularly in diseases such as NTM-PD with long courses of treatment where resistance mechanisms can spontaneously manifest. The data presented at ID Week 2024 confirm the high potency of SPR719 against both macrolide susceptible and resistant MAC strains, with a low propensity for the spontaneous development of resistance mechanisms. Importantly, these characteristics were maintained in the combination with current standard of care (SOC) antibiotics used in the treatment of NTM-PD, and presented lower resistance compared to SOC antibiotics alone.” Poster Presentation Highlights Activity of SPR719 and current standard of care antibiotics (clarithromycin, ethambutol and rifampin) were evaluated for potency (MIC concentration testing), propensity for the spontaneous development of drug-resistance (spontaneous mutation frequency [SMF] assay) and potential interactions for combination treatment (antibacterial synergy testing) against both macrolide susceptible and macrolide resistant mycobacterium avian complex (MAC) strains.SPR719 selection concentrations as low as 2-fold the MIC suppressed the emergence of resistance against both tested MAC isolates. Mutation frequencies for SPR719 against MAC observed in this study were about 3 orders of magnitude lower than those for SOC comparators tested in this study.In-line with previous reports, SPR719 demonstrated a high degree of potency with MIC values of 2 ug/mL for both macrolide susceptible and resistant strains. No resistant colonies were isolated when SPR719 was combined with clarithromycin or ethambutol in the SMF assay.In summary, SPR719 had a low propensity for resistance development in this study and showed no instances of antagonism when combined with clarithromycin or ethambutol, highlighting its potential for use in prolonged combination regimens typically required to treat NTM-PD. About Nontuberculous Mycobacterium Pulmonary Disease (NTM-PD) NTM-PD, also known as NTM lung disease, is caused by bacteria naturally found in soil, dust, and water. These bacteria are members of the Mycobacterium family and are distinct from tuberculosis and leprosy. The most common bacteria that cause of NTM infections is the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). NTM is a growing global health concern with significant unmet medical needs. Although rare, the incidence of NTM pulmonary disease is increasing worldwide. It is estimated that approximately 130,000 patients suffer from NTM in the U.S. and Europe, a figure that is growing at a rate of 8% annually. Patients with NTM lung disease experience progressive symptoms, lung damage, and reduced quality of life due to chronic symptoms and impaired lung function. NTM infections can occur after surgery, trauma, injections, or exposure to contaminated water. Prevention involves effective water management programs in healthcare facilities, and treatment typically requires consultation with infectious disease or pulmonary specialists. Patients currently have limited treatment options for NTM lung disease. About Spero Therapeutics Spero Therapeutics, headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is a multi-asset clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on identifying and developing novel treatments for rare diseases and MDR bacterial infections with high unmet need. For more information, visit www.sperotherapeutics.com Forward Looking Statements This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended, including, without limitation, statements regarding the timing, progress and results of Spero's preclinical studies, clinical trials and research and development programs; the potential benefits of any of Spero’s current or future product candidates in treating patients; and Spero’s strategy, goals and anticipated financial performance, milestones, business plans and focus. . In some cases, forward-looking statements may be identified by terms such as "may," "will," "should," "expect," "plan," "aim," "anticipate," "could," "intent," "target," "project," "contemplate," "believe," "estimate," "predict," "potential" or "continue," the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. Any forward-looking statements in this press release are based on management’s current expectations and beliefs and are subject to a number of important risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by such forward looking statements, including whether tebipenem HBr, SPR720 and SPR206 will advance through the clinical trial process on a timely basis, or at all, taking into account the effects of possible regulatory delays, slower than anticipated patient enrollment, manufacturing challenges, clinical trial design and clinical outcomes; whether the results of such trials will warrant submission for approval from the FDA or equivalent foreign regulatory agencies; whether the FDA will ultimately approve tebipenem HBr and, if so, the timing of any such approval; whether the FDA will require any additional clinical data or place labeling restrictions on the use of tebipenem HBr that would delay approval and/or reduce the commercial prospects of tebipenem HBr; whether a successful commercial launch can be achieved and market acceptance of tebipenem HBr can be established; whether results obtained in preclinical studies and clinical trials will be indicative of results obtained in future clinical trials; Spero's reliance on third parties to manufacture, develop, and commercialize its product candidates, if approved; Spero's need for additional funding; the ability to commercialize Spero's product candidates, if approved; Spero's ability to retain key personnel; Spero's leadership transitions; whether Spero's cash resources will be sufficient to fund its continuing operations for the periods and/or trials anticipated; and other factors discussed in the "Risk Factors" set forth in filings that Spero periodically makes with the SEC. The forward-looking statements included in this press release represent Spero's views only as of the date hereof and should not be relied upon as representing its views as of any subsequent date. Except as required by law, Spero explicitly disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements. Investor Relations Contact:Shai Biran, PhDSpero Therapeutics IR@Sperotherapeutics.com Media Inquiries: media@sperotherapeutics.com

Clinical Result

26 Sep 2024

·www.businesswire.com

Vertex Highlights First Oral Presentation of Phase 3 Clinical Data of the Vanza Triple and New Data on Long-Term Impact of TRIKAFTA® at the North American Cystic Fibrosis Conference

BOSTON--( BUSINESS WIRE )-- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (Nasdaq: VRTX) today announced the first accepted medical presentations of the Phase 3 data on the investigational once daily vanzacaftor/tezacaftor/deutivacaftor (“vanza triple”) — the potential next-in-class triple combination medicine — will take place at the North American Cystic Fibrosis Conference (NACFC). Vertex also announced presentations describing long-term outcomes in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) ages 2 to 11 years taking TRIKAFTA ® , demonstrating consistent and sustained improvements across multiple measures of disease. “ TRIKAFTA has transformed the treatment of CF in the 5 years since its approval, changing the outlook for patients with CF,” said Carmen Bozic, M.D., Executive Vice President, Global Medicines Development and Medical Affairs, and Chief Medical Officer at Vertex. “ Toward our goal to bring all eligible patients to normal levels of CFTR function, we have made global regulatory submissions for our next-in-class vanza triple combination medicine for patients with CF aged 6 years and older. We are excited to bring this promising new medicine, which has the potential to deliver even greater improvements in sweat chloride, to patients with CF.” Data on the Investigational Once Daily Next-in-Class Triple Combination Therapy, vanzacaftor/tezacaftor/deutivacaftor Vertex will present data on the vanza triple in an oral presentation and two posters on Friday, September 27. This is the first time that the clinical data from the Phase 3 clinical trials of the vanza triple in patients 6 years and older with CF have been accepted for presentation at a medical meeting. These data formed the basis of global regulatory submissions. “ The additional, significant reductions in sweat chloride we see in the vanza triple clinical trials are noteworthy. I believe this improvement in CFTR function may lead to important benefits for people with CF,” said Claire L. Keating, M.D., Co-Director of the Gunnar Esiason Adult Cystic Fibrosis and Lung Program at Columbia University. “ If approved, as a clinician, I’m looking forward to being able to offer patients an option, with once daily dosing, that could advance the treatment for people living with CF.” Data from the Phase 3 clinical studies of the vanza triple will be presented in the following sessions: “ Vanzacaftor/Tezacaftor/Deutivacaftor (VNZ Triple) in Adolescents and Adults with CF: Results from Two Randomized, Active-Controlled Phase 3 Trials,” will be an oral presentation during a session entitled: “Cutting Edge Research: What’s New” on Friday, September 27, from 10:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m. EDT and be a poster presentation on Friday, September 27, from 1:15-2:15 p.m. EDT. “ Safety and Efficacy of Vanzacaftor/Tezacaftor/Deutivacaftor (VNZ Triple) in Children 6 Through 11 Years of Age with Cystic Fibrosis,” will be a poster presentation on Friday, September 27, from 1:15-2:15 p.m. EDT. The vanza triple was granted Fast Track and Orphan Drug Designations from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of CF and has been submitted for regulatory approval in the U.S., Canada, U.K., EU, Switzerland, Australia and New Zealand. Vertex has been assigned a Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) date by the FDA of January 2, 2025, for this submission. The vanza triple has not been approved by any global health authority. Long-Term Benefits of TRIKAFTA ® Vertex will present new data on TRIKAFTA ® from long-term (96 week and 192 week) studies in patients ages 2-11 years old that reinforce the sustained benefit seen in studies in older people with CF. Specifically, that early treatment with TRIKAFTA ® is associated with sustained improvements in lung function. These new data demonstrate that in these young children, TRIKAFTA ® could also lead to improved exocrine pancreatic function over time. The data presented at NACFC highlight the safety and tolerability of TRIKAFTA ® , which were generally consistent with the established safety profile. “ I have seen first-hand the positive long-term impact that improvement of CFTR function by TRIKAFTA can have on patients’ clinical outcomes. These improvements are particularly striking for me as a physician caring for young children, where improvements in things like lung function, pancreatic function and quality of life are so meaningful,” said Professor Marcus A. Mall, M.D., Professor and Chair of the Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine and Cystic Fibrosis Center at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin. Vertex will have four poster presentations that include clinical trial and real-world evidence data, three specifically on TRIKAFTA ® and one showing sustained benefits from KALYDECO ® , which is approved for treatment in the youngest ages. “ Long-term safety and efficacy of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor in children 2 years and older with cystic fibrosis and at least one F508del allele: 96-week results from an open-label extension study,” will be a poster presentation on Friday, September 27, at 12:15-1:15 p.m. EDT. “ Long-term safety and efficacy of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor in children 6 years and older with cystic fibrosis and at least one F508del allele: Results from a 192-week extension study,” will be a poster presentation on Friday, September 27, at 1:15-2:15 p.m. EDT. “ Effectiveness of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) in people with cystic fibrosis and non-F508del CFTR variants: Interim results from a registry-based study,” will be a poster presentation on Friday, September 27, from 12:15-1:15 p.m. EDT. “ Long-term benefits of early ivacaftor (IVA) initiation in people with cystic fibrosis (CF),” will be a poster presentation on Friday, September 27, from 1:15-2:15 p.m. EDT. About Cystic Fibrosis Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a rare, life-shortening genetic disease affecting more than 92,000 people globally. CF is a progressive, multi-organ disease that affects the lungs, liver, pancreas, GI tract, sinuses, sweat glands and reproductive tract. CF is caused by a defective and/or missing CFTR protein resulting from certain mutations in the CFTR gene. Children must inherit two defective CFTR genes — one from each parent — to have CF, and these mutations can be identified by a genetic test. While there are many different types of CFTR mutations that can cause the disease, the vast majority of people with CF have at least one F508del mutation. CFTR mutations lead to CF by causing CFTR protein to be defective or by leading to a shortage or absence of CFTR protein at the cell surface. The defective function and/or absence of CFTR protein results in poor flow of salt and water into and out of the cells in a number of organs. In the lungs, this leads to the buildup of abnormally thick, sticky mucus, chronic lung infections and progressive lung damage that eventually leads to death for many patients. The median age of death is in the 30s, but with treatment, projected survival is improving. Learn more about the importance of sweat chloride (SwCl) in cystic fibrosis. Today Vertex CF medicines are treating over 68,000 people with CF across more than 60 countries on six continents. This represents 2/3 of the diagnosed people with CF eligible for CFTR modulator therapy. About vanzacaftor/tezacaftor/deutivacaftor (the “vanza triple”) In people with CF, mutations in the CFTR gene lead to decreased quantity and/or function of the CFTR protein channel at the cell surface. Vanzacaftor and tezacaftor are designed to increase the amount of CFTR protein at the cell surface by facilitating the processing and trafficking of the CFTR protein. Deutivacaftor is a potentiator designed to increase the channel open probability of the CFTR protein delivered to the cell surface to improve the flow of salt and water across the cell membrane. Investigational vanzacaftor/tezacaftor/deutivacaftor was granted Fast Track and Orphan Drug Designations from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of CF. The vanza triple will be subject to a meaningfully lower single-digit royalty obligation, compared to the rate payable on Vertex’s current CF portfolio. About TRIKAFTA ® (elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor and ivacaftor) In people with certain types of mutations in the CFTR gene, the CFTR protein is not processed or folded normally within the cell, and this can prevent the CFTR protein from reaching the cell surface and functioning properly. TRIKAFTA ® (elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor and ivacaftor) is an oral medicine designed to increase the quantity and function of the CFTR protein at the cell surface. Elexacaftor and tezacaftor work together to increase the amount of mature protein at the cell surface. Ivacaftor, which is known as a CFTR potentiator, is designed to facilitate the ability of CFTR proteins to transport salt and water across the cell membrane. The combined actions of elexacaftor, tezacaftor and ivacaftor help hydrate and clear mucus from the airways. TRIKAFTA ® (elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor and ivacaftor) is a prescription medicine used for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) in patients aged 2 years and older who have at least one copy of the F508del mutation, or another mutation responsive to TRIKAFTA ® , in the CFTR gene. Patients should talk to their doctor to learn if they have an indicated CF gene mutation. It is not known if TRIKAFTA ® is safe and effective in children under 2 years of age. TRIKAFTA U.S. INDICATIONS AND IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION FOR INDICATIONS AND USAGE TRIKAFTA (elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor and ivacaftor) is a prescription medicine used for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) in patients aged 2 years and older who have at least one copy of the F508del mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene or another mutation that is responsive to treatment with TRIKAFTA. Patients should talk to their doctor to learn if they have an indicated CF gene mutation. It is not known if TRIKAFTA is safe and effective in children under 2 years of age. IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION Before taking TRIKAFTA, patients should tell their doctor about all of their medical conditions, including if they: are allergic to TRIKAFTA or any ingredients in TRIKAFTA, have kidney problems, have or have had liver problems, are pregnant or plan to become pregnant because it is not known if TRIKAFTA will harm an unborn baby, or are breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed because it is not known if TRIKAFTA passes into breast milk. Patients should tell their doctor about all the medicines they take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. TRIKAFTA may affect the way other medicines work, and other medicines may affect how TRIKAFTA works. The dose of TRIKAFTA may need to be adjusted when taken with certain medicines. Patients should ask their doctor or pharmacist for a list of these medicines if they are not sure. Patients should especially tell their doctor if they take: antibiotics such as rifampin or rifabutin; seizure medicines such as phenobarbital, carbamazepine, or phenytoin; St. John’s wort; antifungal medicines including ketoconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, or fluconazole; antibiotics including telithromycin, clarithromycin, or erythromycin. Patients should avoid food or drink that contains grapefruit while taking TRIKAFTA. TRIKAFTA can cause serious side effects, including: Liver damage and worsening of liver function in patients with severe liver disease that can be serious and may require transplantation. Liver damage has also happened in patients without liver disease. High liver enzymes in the blood , which is a common side effect in patients treated with TRIKAFTA . These can be serious and may be a sign of liver injury. The patient’s doctor will do blood tests to check their liver before they start TRIKAFTA, every 3 months during the first year of taking TRIKAFTA, and every year while taking TRIKAFTA. Patients should call their doctor right away if they have any of the following symptoms of liver problems: pain or discomfort in the upper right stomach (abdominal) area; yellowing of the skin or the white part of the eyes; loss of appetite; nausea or vomiting; dark, amber-colored urine. Serious allergic reactions have happened to patients who are treated with TRIKAFTA. Call your healthcare provider or go to the emergency room right away if you have any symptoms of an allergic reaction. Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include: rash or hives; tightness of the chest or throat or difficulty breathing; swelling of the face, lips and/or tongue; difficulty swallowing; and light-headedness or dizziness. Abnormality of the eye lens (cataract) has been noted in some children and adolescents treated with TRIKAFTA. If the patient is a child or adolescent, their doctor should perform eye examinations before and during treatment with TRIKAFTA to look for cataracts. The most common side effects of TRIKAFTA include headache, upper respiratory tract infection (common cold) including stuffy and runny nose, stomach (abdominal) pain, diarrhea, rash, increase in liver enzymes, increase in a certain blood enzyme called creatine phosphokinase, flu (influenza), inflamed sinuses, and increase in blood bilirubin. Patients should tell their doctor if they have any side effect that bothers them or that does not go away. These are not all the possible side effects of TRIKAFTA. For more information, patients should ask their doctor or pharmacist. Please click here to see the full U.S. Prescribing Information for TRIKAFTA. KALYDECO ® U.S. INDICATIONS AND IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION FOR INDICATIONS AND USAGE INDICATIONS AND USAGE KALYDECO (ivacaftor) is a prescription medicine used for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) in patients age 1 month and older who have at least one mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene that is responsive to KALYDECO. Patients should talk to their doctor to learn if they have an indicated CF gene mutation. It is not known if KALYDECO is safe and effective in children under 1 month of age. IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION Before taking KALYDECO, patients should tell their doctor about all their medical conditions, including if they : have liver or kidney problems; are allergic to KALYDECO or any ingredients; are pregnant or plan to become pregnant because it is not known if KALYDECO will harm an unborn baby; and are breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed because is not known if KALYDECO passes into breast milk. Patients should tell their doctor about all the medicines they take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. KALYDECO may affect the way other medicines work , and other medicines may affect how KALYDECO works. Patients should ask their doctor or pharmacist for a list of these medicines if they are not sure. Patients should especially tell their doctor if they take the antibiotics rifampin or rifabutin; seizure medicines such as phenobarbital, carbamazepine, or phenytoin; St. John’s wort; antifungal medicines such as ketoconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, or fluconazole; or antibiotics such as telithromycin, clarithromycin, or erythromycin. KALYDECO can cause dizziness in some patients who take it. If patients experience dizziness, they should not drive or operate machines until symptoms improve. Patients should avoid food or drink containing grapefruit while taking KALYDECO. KALYDECO can cause serious side effects including: High liver enzymes in the blood, which have happened in patients receiving KALYDECO . The patient’s doctor will do blood tests to check their liver before starting KALYDECO, every 3 months during the first year of taking KALYDECO, and every year while taking KALYDECO. For patients who have had high liver enzymes in the past, the doctor may do blood tests to check the liver more often. Patients should call their doctor right away if they have any of the following symptoms of liver problems: pain or discomfort in the upper right stomach (abdominal) area; yellowing of their skin or the white part of their eyes; loss of appetite; nausea or vomiting; or dark, amber-colored urine. Serious allergic reactions have happened to patients who are treated with KALYDECO. Patients should call their healthcare provider or go to the emergency room right away if they have symptoms of an allergic reaction. Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include rash or hives, tightness of the chest or throat or difficulty breathing, and light-headedness or dizziness. Abnormality of the eye lens (cataract), which has happened in some children and adolescents receiving KALYDECO. The patient’s doctor should perform eye examinations before and during treatment with KALYDECO to look for cataracts. The most common side effects include headache; upper respiratory tract infection (common cold), which includes sore throat, nasal or sinus congestion, and runny nose; stomach (abdominal) pain; diarrhea; rash; nausea; and dizziness. Use of KALYDECO in patients aged 1 month to less than 6 months born from a pregnancy lasting (gestational age) less than 37 weeks has not been evaluated. These are not all the possible side effects of KALYDECO. Please click here to see the full Prescribing Information for KALYDECO. About Vertex Vertex is a global biotechnology company that invests in scientific innovation to create transformative medicines for people with serious diseases. The company has approved medicines that treat the underlying causes of multiple chronic, life-shortening genetic diseases — cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease and transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia — and continues to advance clinical and research programs in these diseases. Vertex also has a robust clinical pipeline of investigational therapies across a range of modalities in other serious diseases where it has deep insight into causal human biology, including acute and neuropathic pain, APOL1-mediated kidney disease, IgA nephropathy, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, type 1 diabetes, myotonic dystrophy type 1 and alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Vertex was founded in 1989 and has its global headquarters in Boston, with international headquarters in London. Additionally, the company has research and development sites and commercial offices in North America, Europe, Australia, Latin America and the Middle East. Vertex is consistently recognized as one of the industry's top places to work, including 14 consecutive years on Science magazine's Top Employers list and one of Fortune’s 100 Best Companies to Work For. For company updates and to learn more about Vertex's history of innovation, visit www.vrtx.com or follow us on LinkedIn , Facebook , Instagram , YouTube and Twitter/X . Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This press release contains forward-looking statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended, including, without limitation, the statements by Carmen Bozic, M.D., Professor Marcus A. Mall, M.D., and Claire L. Keating, M.D., in this press release, and statements regarding our expectations for and the anticipated benefits of the vanza triple, our expectations that medical presentations of Phase 3 data on the vanza triple will take place at NACFC, our expectations for the long-term data for TRIKAFTA, plans to present long-term TRIKAFTA data and KALYDECO data, and our expectations for a lower royalty obligation for the vanza triple. While we believe the forward-looking statements contained in this press release are accurate, these forward-looking statements represent the company's beliefs only as of the date of this press release and there are a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual events or results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Those risks and uncertainties include, among other things, that data from the company's development programs may not support registration or further development of its compounds due to safety, efficacy, and other reasons, and other risks listed under the heading “Risk Factors” in Vertex's most recent annual report and subsequent quarterly reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission at www.sec.gov and available through the company's website at www.vrtx.com . You should not place undue reliance on these statements, or the scientific data presented. Vertex disclaims any obligation to update the information contained in this press release as new information becomes available. (VRTX-GEN)

Phase 3Orphan DrugFast TrackDrug Approval

100 Deals associated with Clarithromycin

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00276	Clarithromycin	J01FA09	DB01211

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

to view more data

Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Mycobacterium Avium-Intracellulare Infection	JP	Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	06 Oct 2009
Infectious enteritis	JP	Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	15 Mar 2006
Lung Abscess	JP	Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	15 Mar 2006
Pharyngolaryngitis	JP	Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	15 Mar 2006
Pneumonia	JP	Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	15 Mar 2006
Pyoderma	JP	Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	15 Mar 2006
Scarlet Fever	JP	Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	15 Mar 2006
Secondary infection	JP	Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	15 Mar 2006
Community Acquired Pneumonia	US	AbbVie, Inc.	03 Mar 2000
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections	CN	Livzon Group Livzon Pharmaceutical Factory	01 Jan 1996
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections	CN	Xi'an Lijun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	01 Jan 1996
Acute maxillary sinusitis	US	AbbVie, Inc.	31 Oct 1991
Acute otitis media	US	AbbVie, Inc.	31 Oct 1991
Bronchitis, Chronic	US	AbbVie, Inc.	31 Oct 1991
Duodenal Ulcer	US	AbbVie, Inc.	31 Oct 1991
Helicobacter pylori infection	US	AbbVie, Inc.	31 Oct 1991
HIV Infections	US	AbbVie, Inc.	31 Oct 1991
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous	US	AbbVie, Inc.	31 Oct 1991
Non-complicated skin and skin structure infection	US	AbbVie, Inc.	31 Oct 1991
Rheumatic Fever	US	AbbVie, Inc.	31 Oct 1991

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Acute bacterial sinusitis	Phase 3	US	Abbott Laboratories	01 May 2003
Acute bacterial sinusitis	Phase 3	CA	Abbott Laboratories	01 May 2003
Acute bacterial sinusitis	Phase 3	GR	Abbott Laboratories	01 May 2003
Acute bacterial sinusitis	Phase 3	HU	Abbott Laboratories	01 May 2003
Acute bacterial sinusitis	Phase 3	IT	Abbott Laboratories	01 May 2003
Acute bacterial sinusitis	Phase 3	LT	Abbott Laboratories	01 May 2003
Acute bacterial sinusitis	Phase 3	PL	Abbott Laboratories	01 May 2003
Acute bacterial sinusitis	Phase 3	RO	Abbott Laboratories	01 May 2003
Acute bacterial sinusitis	Phase 3	ES	Abbott Laboratories	01 May 2003
Crohn Disease	Phase 3	GB	Abbott Laboratories	01 Apr 2000

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT04724044 (ACCESS, Pubmed) Manual	Phase 3	Community Acquired Pneumonia procalcitonin	267	Standard of care + Clarithromycin	lqwfhpoycn(jxfzjaigin) = lvnvqsrimp slvrsrscwj (ocwkttveaj ) View more	Positive	01 Jan 2024
				Standard of care + placebo	lqwfhpoycn(jxfzjaigin) = zuuqqctovh slvrsrscwj (ocwkttveaj ) View more
NCT02516696 (BiRd vs Rd, CTgov)	Phase 3	Multiple Myeloma	12	Lenalidomide+Clarithromycin+Dexamethasone (BiRD Treatment Regimen)	dztpxebtke(ictptfiafk) = gjfdxaejwd bzadczqxoo (zyxlzhuxpn, ddzfjnwjpi - jvkedjzjif) View more	-	05 Jun 2023
				Lenalidomide+Dexamethasone (Rd Treatment Regimen)	dztpxebtke(ictptfiafk) = tinuwscple bzadczqxoo (zyxlzhuxpn, tbxfcspayq - icxipsvdwn) View more
NCT02019875 (CTgov)	Early Phase 1	-	92	Placebo (Water)	veinjndsbf(kytqznwjho) = jhtxhpqtli vibvgimyqv (wctjktbjsd, lkuumebfkf - medipnaerf) View more	-	19 Apr 2023
				Rifampin (Rifampin)	veinjndsbf(kytqznwjho) = mfchfiialp vibvgimyqv (wctjktbjsd, wlmzhroltf - oqjiyuxdyv) View more
NCT05342532 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Helicobacter pylori infection	112	Omeprazole+Amoxicillin (High Dose Dual Therapy)	xvxbkruwag(vddpjwxdzz) = crswgmwwid rssecxssse (fmptsblaij, utwyppqkio - ljcxtdftfp) View more	-	01 Feb 2023
				Omeprazole+Clarithromycin+Amoxicillin (Standard Triple Therapy)	xvxbkruwag(vddpjwxdzz) = cqyawktftj rssecxssse (fmptsblaij, yvcsxqldns - idhfbnqmxt) View more
NCT03440112 (GABA-A, CTgov)	Phase 1/2	Ataxia \| Parkinson Disease	34	Flumazenil (Transdermal Flumazenil (Active))	upahoenjgm(arilqjcqdb) = dcwuvbwfoi xsdsfpypff (lmqsbumxtt, oytooblcnc - lfhkuyrjty) View more	-	10 Jan 2023
				Placebo (Placebo Cream)	upahoenjgm(arilqjcqdb) = lpwrbeffti xsdsfpypff (lmqsbumxtt, wkjbqmwnjn - uyuwifyexq) View more
EUCTR2017-001056-55-BE \| NCT03345992 (Pubmed)	Phase 3	Multiple Organ Failure \| Sepsis	110	Clarithromycin	mrpegrshma(mqtnvrcvbt) = fpgegahogt zwnjymrvoi (vasnhxdogz )	Negative	18 Jun 2022
				Placebo	mrpegrshma(mqtnvrcvbt) = aaamibmqrs zwnjymrvoi (vasnhxdogz )
IMS2021	Phase 1/2	Plasma cell myeloma refractory	32	Pomalidomide	ctonuekccq(jnpqgmalbp) = uteercwzsi plbqaytrjo (bpqqebvhnx ) View more	-	08 Sep 2021
Pubmed \| J Gastroenterol Hepatol	Not Applicable	-	-	Clarithromycin-based bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (C-BQT)	tcyswfbrnm(ewerrakauj) = Frequencies of adverse events in F-BQT and C-BQT had no differences (36.0% in C-BQT vs 32.6% in F-BQT, P = 0.499) veclaacbkh (mszvbystre )	Positive	01 Sep 2021
				Furazolidone-based bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (F-BQT)
NCT04398004 (ACHIEVE, Pubmed \| Infect Dis Ther)	Phase 2	COVID-19	90	Oral Clarithromycin	ahfzsfpllv(khvgkctlxa) = ktprzmcojv lortvwgtnn (suufuigqof, 78.1 - 92.2)	Positive	06 Aug 2021
NCT02575144 (GEM-CLARIDEX, Pubmed \| Blood Cancer J) Manual	Phase 3	Multiple Myeloma	286	Lenalidomide+dexamethasone+clarithromycin	unchaozlum(hyhltbtthq) = laqeslrhpm bethjtnoej (fuutqdybvn ) View more	Negative	21 May 2021
				Lenalidomide+dexamethasone	unchaozlum(hyhltbtthq) = zaoazkhriv bethjtnoej (fuutqdybvn ) View more

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