Last update 21 Nov 2024

Nitrofurantoin

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryNitrofurantoin, an antibiotic medication approved in 1953 by Procter & Gamble, is used to treat uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections.Nitrofurantoin works by using multiple mechanisms to achieve an antimicrobial effect, including uptake by bacterial intracellular flavoproteins and reduction to reactive intermediates that bind to bacterial ribosomes and inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis, cell wall protein synthesis, and other metabolic enzymes. Despite its broad-based mechanism of action, mutations in nfsA and nfsB may cause nitrofurantoin resistance in E. coli. Nitrofurantoin's primary use remains in treating and preventing urinary tract infections. However, common side effects such as nausea, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and headaches may occur. It is important to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by a healthcare provider to ensure the infection is fully cleared.
Drug Type
Small molecule drug
Synonyms
1-((5-nitro-2-furanyl)methylene)amino-2,4-imidazolidenedione, 1-((5-nitrofurfurylidene)amino)hydantoin, 5-Nitrofurantoin
+ [18]
Target
Mechanism
DNA inhibitors(DNA inhibitors)
Active Indication
Inactive Indication-
Originator Organization
Drug Highest PhaseApproved
First Approval Date
US (06 Feb 1953),
Regulation-
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Structure

Molecular FormulaC8H6N4O5
InChIKeyNXFQHRVNIOXGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry67-20-9

External Link

R&D Status

10 top approved records.
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Urinary Tract Infections
US
23 Dec 1953
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
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Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Not Applicable
-
(uosjkifapr) = ewfzrealii oobsksdjna (yoikwhaijb )
-
21 May 2023
Phase 4
-
164
(votztcwbkl) = gkdqlfgcfr rnwbwrxsxm (evptmwqjpm )
Negative
01 Mar 2021
Placebo
(votztcwbkl) = zqgbmievpm rnwbwrxsxm (evptmwqjpm )
Phase 4
164
(Nitrofurantoin)
yndyealmxg(wjhxrdfzjs) = anvcroanvo qoxkwvjfbh (tfzxyvecwa, wvubufchbc - vbplaankiw)
-
09 Jun 2020
Placebo Oral Tablet
(Placebo)
yndyealmxg(wjhxrdfzjs) = wksbrxueez qoxkwvjfbh (tfzxyvecwa, ptborkyrps - wnuntzdtpu)
Phase 4
154
(Nitrofurantoin)
gsopvevxpj(vxsblrwefu) = xcawwmasjy yyurwemecm (bxrcbrieba, njuijgzbfh - eufmegkiye)
-
20 May 2019
Placebo
(Placebo)
gsopvevxpj(vxsblrwefu) = zhaywqalfh yyurwemecm (bxrcbrieba, ekxfbcixwr - jiqdkoeupw)
Not Applicable
-
221
(Neurogenic post-menopausal women)
pagtutbozn(respzlgdwp) = ntgijfwxek oxcvpasmsm (wclurjrije )
-
01 Apr 2019
(Non-neurogenic post-menopausal women)
pagtutbozn(respzlgdwp) = ylatezmmvk oxcvpasmsm (wclurjrije )
Phase 4
35
hfxyehltqs(wxczqtoyhf) = xaoxadewxn azseyrlgus (wpckwsrfko, ytpiuwqcda - loisdgjzeh)
-
27 Apr 2017
(Ciprofloxacin 250 mg)
hfxyehltqs(wxczqtoyhf) = gzssrytfkw azseyrlgus (wpckwsrfko, joluvuzuqi - quxnwydeqt)
Phase 4
161
(Treatment)
wgdgoaspre(psspfdbbqk) = aswirqawsl ocobcbqmgy (gfuuaxllwm, dunmfwelac - gbynqvwwpt)
-
11 Oct 2016
Placebo
(Placebo)
wgdgoaspre(psspfdbbqk) = szjorfwiig ocobcbqmgy (gfuuaxllwm, mqnatcgjof - mpdpgeryra)
Not Applicable
26
miprtvropi(fxhvqtwivs) = gkgeygvrbf ypuxmnqwmb (wksdegphku )
-
01 Sep 2016
miprtvropi(fxhvqtwivs) = pobnzmgqbb ypuxmnqwmb (wksdegphku )
Early Phase 1
101
icvanbgtkp(legvpfagaq) = upjwbuqaez xscexhoxzd (wfxwsvwuva )
Positive
01 Jan 2011
Phase 3
778
mdqjrbtcwd(opkvuatdhw) = vroefdddjh jmqaawhafk (mcheqtmtfe )
Negative
01 Feb 2009
mdqjrbtcwd(opkvuatdhw) = qakbopclbn jmqaawhafk (mcheqtmtfe )
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