Request Demo

Last update 25 Feb 2026

Ciprofloxacin

Last update 25 Feb 2026

Overview

R&D Status

Clinical Result

Translational Medicine

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryCiprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections. It can be taken by mouth, as eye drops, as ear drops, or intravenously. It is a second-generation fluoroquinolone with a broad spectrum of activity that usually results in the death of the bacteria. Ciprofloxacin was patented in 1980 and introduced in 1987. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. The World Health Organization classifies ciprofloxacin as critically important for human medicine. It is available as a generic medication.Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Severe side effects include an increased risk of tendon rupture, hallucinations, and nerve damage.

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

Ciprfloxacin Lactate and Sodium Chloride, Ciprofioxacin Lactate, Ciprofloxacin (JP17/USP/INN)

+ [29]

Target

Bacterial Top II

Action

inhibitors

Mechanism

Bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitors(Bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitors)

Therapeutic Areas

Infectious DiseasesDigestive System DisordersOtorhinolaryngologic Diseases+ [4]

Active Indication

PlagueBronchiectasisBacterial prostatitis+ [24]

Inactive Indication

Acute otitis externaChronic disease of respiratory systemChronic lower urinary tract infection+ [10]

Originator Organization

Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd.

Active Organization

Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Bayer Yakuhin Ltd.Ipca Pharma (Australia) Pty Ltd.

+ [2]

Inactive Organization

Bayer AG

Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp.

Novartis AG

+ [5]

License Organization

ALK-Abello A/S

Otonomy, Inc.ALK-Abelló Arzneimittel GmbH

+ [3]

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

Japan (01 Jan 1987),

Bacterial Infections

RegulationAccelerated Approval (United States), Orphan Drug (United States)

Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC17H18FN3O3

InChIKeyMYSWGUAQZAJSOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS Registry85721-33-1

304

Clinical Trials associated with Ciprofloxacin

CTRI/2025/11/096919

/ Not yet recruitingPhase 4IIT

Comparison of antimicrobial efficacy of Ciprofloxacin vs Pomade coated silk sutures: A Clinical and Microbiological Study - nil

Start Date03 Jan 2026

Sponsor / Collaborator-

CTIS2024-516232-10-00

/ Not yet recruitingPhase 4IIT

Defining Antibiotic Levels in Intensive care patients (DALI-2) protocol - A multi-national pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic cohort study to determine whether contemporary antibiotic dosing for critically ill patients achieves therapeutic exposures.

Start Date01 Dec 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nimes

NCT06926322

/ Enrolling by invitationNot ApplicableIIT

Nano-based Medicaments Versus Double Antibiotic Paste in Managing Non-vital Primary Molars: A Randomized Clinical Trial and In-Vitro Study

Management of non-vital primary molars is challenging due to the natural anatomy of primary teeth, patients' young age, and their behavior toward dental treatment. A simple and effective technique such as Lesion Sterilization and Tissue Repair offers a solution to cases with poor prognosis; however, the medicaments used in this technique have some limitations. This study will evaluate three different medicaments regarding the clinical success, radiographic success, and antibacterial activity.

Start Date01 Oct 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Ain Shams University

100 Clinical Results associated with Ciprofloxacin

100 Translational Medicine associated with Ciprofloxacin

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Ciprofloxacin

49,521

Literatures (Medical) associated with Ciprofloxacin

01 Dec 2026·MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS

Comparison the effect of Curcumin and methanolic extracts of Fraxinus excelsior L. and glycyrrhiza glabra L. on the expression of MexCD-OprJ and MexEF-OprN efflux pumps in multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates

Article

Author: Goli, Hamid Reza ; Jamal, Zeynab ; Gholami, Mehrdad ; Ebrahimzadeh, Mohammad Ali

BACKGROUND:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen, and efflux pumps such as MexCD-OprJ and MexEF-OprN play a key role in its antibiotic resistance. This study evaluated the putative effects of curcumin and methanolic extracts of F. excelsior L. and G. glabra L. on the expression of these efflux pumps, as well as their role in mediating antibiotic resistance.

METHODS AND RESULTS:

In this study, MDR P. aeruginosa clinical strains were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of tobramycin and ciprofloxacin in the presence and absence of curcumin and selected plant extracts (F. excelsior L. and G. glabra L.) and curcumin. Real-time PCR was used to assess changes in efflux pump gene expression in tested strains. A significant positive correlation was identified between resistance to the tested antibiotics and increased expression of MexCD-OprJ and MexEF-OprN, as determined by Spearman's rank correlation using SPSS (p < 0.05). Treatment with the extracts, individually and in combination, resulted in a reduction in the expression levels of both efflux genes (p < 0.05), with the combined treatment showing the greatest effect. These findings were supported by colony count and turbidity assays, as evidenced by > 80% reduction in viable counts and decreased turbidity in treated groups.

CONCLUSION:

Overexpression of MexCD-OprJ and MexEF-OprN is a key factor contributing to MDR in P. aeruginosa. Treatment with curcumin, F. excelsior L. and G. glabra L. extracts-especially in combination, suggesting potential for suppression of efflux gene expression and enhanced antibiotic efficacy.

01 Jun 2026·INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Dehydroeffusol from Juncus effusus L. exhibits antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in vivo

Article

Author: Dai, Chunyan ; He, Minyang ; Han, Jichun ; Zhu, Zhiqiang ; Fan, Xiangcheng ; Li, Peng ; Lou, Shengying ; Jin, Wei ; Wu, Miaolian ; Chen, Xingru ; Xu, Xiaojun

BACKGROUND:

Dehydroeffusol (DHE) is a natural phenanthrene compound derived from Juncus effusus L., traditionally used for its antimicrobial properties. Despite its historical use, its antibacterial efficacy and underlying mechanisms have not been fully explored.

OBJECTIVES:

To evaluate the antibacterial activity, safety profile, and mechanism of action of DHE against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and to assess its potential as a therapeutic agent.

METHODS:

DHE was isolated and its antibacterial effects were assessed using broth microdilution, time-kill assays, and biofilm inhibition assays. The cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity of DHE were evaluated in vitro using several cell lines and red blood cells. Mechanistic studies included scanning electron microscopy, membrane potential and permeability assays, network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking, and untargeted metabolomic profiling.

RESULTS:

DHE exhibited appreciable bactericidal activity against S. aureus and MRSA with minimal cytotoxicity. It inhibited biofilm formation, disrupted bacterial membranes, and maintained bactericidal activity without rapid resistance, while synergizing with ciprofloxacin, streptomycin, and azithromycin. Network pharmacology and docking identified 56 infection-related targets (hub proteins EGFR, BCL2, HSP90AA1/B1, ESR1, SRC) enriched in PI3K-Akt/ErbB/EGFR pathways, supporting additional modulation of host infection-related signaling. In MRSA, untargeted metabolomics showed broad disturbances in amino acid, energy, and nucleotide metabolism, indicating disruption of essential biosynthetic and energy pathways. In vivo, DHE significantly reduced bacterial load and alleviated tissue damage in a murine MRSA infection model, demonstrating measurable protective effects.

CONCLUSIONS:

DHE is a promising natural antimicrobial agent with notable activity against S. aureus and MRSA. Its mechanism of action involves membrane disruption and biofilm inhibition, along with preliminary safety in vitro, supporting its potential for further development as an effective antimicrobial agent.

01 Jun 2026·INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Resistome, virulome and mobilome of clinical carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated in Togo

Article

Author: Dossim, Sika ; Salou, Mounerou ; Naas, Thierry ; Godonou, Amivi M ; Tchedie, Essokedi ; Dagnra, Anoumou Y ; Dossouvi, Komla M

Genomics have become crucial in addressing the public health challenges posed by antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In this study, we performed the first whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and genomic analyses of clinical Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) strains isolated at the Sylvanus Olympio University Teaching Hospital in Lomé, Togo. This prospective study, conducted from April 19 to September 02, 2019. Susceptibility profiles were obtained using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, and the nine studied carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii strains were subjected to next generation sequencing (NGS) using an Illumina platform. All isolates exhibited resistance to imipenem, ticarcillin, clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, and ciprofloxacin, but remained susceptible to colistin, tigecycline, and rifampicin. The study identified five A. baumannii ST1 strains, two ST103 strains, one ST52 strain, and one ST1153 strain. The number of AMR genes per strain ranged from six to 24, whereas the number of virulence genes per strain varied from 32 to 67. Each isolate contained at least one plasmid, with the number of plasmids per isolate ranging from one to four per isolate. The carbapenemase-producing genes bla_OXA-23, bla_OXA-58, bla_OXA-68, bla_OXA-69, bla_OXA-70, bla_OXA-91, and bla_NDM-1 were identified, along with bla_CTX-M-15 and other antibiotic resistance genes. Additionally, multidrug efflux system genes, including adeCFGHIJKLMNS, abeSJ, and amvA, and a wide array of virulence and biofilm-forming genetic determinants were found in all isolates. Eleven integrons were detected, featuring aac(3)-Ia, sat-2, and dfrA1 cassettes. Tn6018, carrying the mercury resistance gene merR and czcD (Co/Zn/Cd efflux system), and Tn2007, carrying bla_OXA-23, were present in six genomes. Four Ghanaian genomes were most closely related to the A. baumannii ST1 and ST103 strains reported in this study. Furthermore, several multidrug resistance plasmids and one virulence and AMR hybrid plasmid (accession number JBFMWK020002174.1) were identified. This study provides valuable insights into clinical A. baumannii in Togo, underscoring the need for more frequent genomic studies in sub-Saharan countries to effectively monitor and combat AMR in Africa.

162

News (Medical) associated with Ciprofloxacin

21 Feb 2026

·www.sciencedaily.com

Frozen for 5,000 years, this ice cave bacterium resists modern antibiotics

Deep inside a Romanian ice cave, locked away in a 5,000-year-old layer of ice, scientists have uncovered a bacterium with a startling secret: it’s resistant to many modern antibiotics. Despite predating the antibiotic era, this cold-loving microbe carries more than 100 resistance-related genes and can survive drugs used today to treat serious infections like tuberculosis and UTIs.Bacteria are remarkably adaptable, thriving in some of the harshest places on Earth, from boiling hot springs to deep freezes far below zero. Ice caves are one such extreme habitat, home to diverse microorganisms that scientists are only beginning to understand. These frozen environments may contain vast stores of genetic material that have gone largely unexplored. In Romania, researchers recently examined a bacterial strain that had been trapped in a 5,000-year-old layer of ice inside an underground cave. By analyzing its antibiotic resistance profile, they discovered that this ancient microbe may help scientists better understand how antibiotic resistance develops and spreads naturally. The findings were published in Frontiers in Microbiology. "The Psychrobacter SC65A.3 bacterial strain isolated from Scarisoara Ice Cave, despite its ancient origin, shows resistance to multiple modern antibiotics and carries over 100 resistance-related genes," said author Dr. Cristina Purcarea, a senior scientist at the Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy. "But it can also inhibit the growth of several major antibiotic-resistant 'superbugs' and showed important enzymatic activities with important biotechnological potential." How Ancient Microbes Resist Modern Drugs Psychrobacter SC65A.3 belongs to a group of cold-adapted bacteria known as Psychrobacter. While some members of this genus can cause infections in people or animals, they are also considered promising for biotechnology applications. Until now, however, little was known about how these bacteria respond to antibiotics. "Studying microbes such as Psychrobacter SC65A.3 retrieved from millennia-old cave ice deposits reveals how antibiotic resistance evolved naturally in the environment, long before modern antibiotics were ever used," Purcarea explained. To retrieve the organism, the team drilled a 25-meter ice core from a section of the cave called the Great Hall, capturing a frozen record spanning 13,000 years. To prevent contamination, ice samples were sealed in sterile bags and transported in frozen conditions back to the laboratory. There, scientists isolated bacterial strains and sequenced their genomes to identify genes responsible for surviving extreme cold, as well as genes linked to antimicrobial resistance and activity. The researchers then tested SC65A.3 against 28 antibiotics across 10 different classes. These drugs are commonly prescribed or reserved for serious bacterial infections. Some had already been associated with known resistance genes or mutations, allowing the team to compare predicted resistance mechanisms with actual laboratory results. "The 10 antibiotics we found resistance to are widely used in oral and injectable therapies used to treat a range of serious bacterial infections in clinical practice," Purcarea noted. Among them were rifampicin, vancomycin, and ciprofloxacin, medications used to treat conditions such as tuberculosis, colitis, and UTIs. SC65A.3 is the first Psychrobacter strain found to resist certain antibiotics, including trimethoprim, clindamycin, and metronidazole. These drugs are typically used to treat UTIs and infections affecting the lungs, skin, bloodstream, and reproductive system. The strain's resistance pro that bacteria adapted to cold environments could serve as reservoirs of resistance genes, which are segments of DNA that enable survival when exposed to antibiotics. Melting Ice and the Spread of Resistance Genes This discovery presents both potential risks and opportunities. "If melting ice releases these microbes, these genes could spread to modern bacteria, adding to the global challenge of antibiotic resistance," Purcarea said. "On the other hand, they produce unique enzymes and antimicrobial compounds that could inspire new antibiotics, industrial enzymes, and other biotechnological innovations." Genetic analysis of Psychrobacter SC65A.3 revealed nearly 600 genes with unknown functions, pointing to a largely untapped resource for uncovering new biological processes. The team also identified 11 genes that may have the ability to kill or inhibit bacteria, fungi, and even viruses. As antibiotic resistance continues to rise worldwide, insights from ancient microbes are becoming increasingly valuable. Studying genomes preserved in ice helps scientists trace how resistance emerged and spread long before modern medicine existed. "These ancient bacteria are essential for science and medicine," Purcarea concluded, "but careful handling and safety measures in the lab are essential to mitigate the risk of uncontrolled spread."

Microbial therapy

18 Feb 2026

·www.prnewswire.com

NeuroSense Announces Statistically Significant 65% Reduction in Risk of Death and Greater than 14-Month Median Survival Benefit with PrimeC in ALS

CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Feb. 18, 2026 /PRNewswire/ -- NeuroSense Therapeutics Ltd. (NASDAQ: NRSN) ("NeuroSense"), a late-stage clinical biotechnology company focused on developing disease-modifying treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, today announced the availability of additional long-term survival data from its previously completed PARADIGM Phase 2b clinical trial evaluating PrimeC in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The updated analysis, based on extended follow-up, demonstrates a clinically meaningful and statistically significant improvement in overall survival for patients treated with PrimeC, compared to those initially assigned to placebo. According to Kaplan–Meier survival estimates, patients who received PrimeC continuously during both the double-blind and open-label phases achieved an estimated median survival of 36.3 months, compared to 21.4 months for patients initially assigned to placebo during the double-blind phase and crossing over to active treatment during the open label extension. This represents over 14-month improvement and approximately a 70% increase in median survival. The survival benefit was sustained over time, with consistent separation between treatment arms throughout the follow-up period. A log-rank test comparing survival curves demonstrated statistical significance (p = 0.0218). Further analysis using a Cox proportional hazards model showed that PrimeC treatment was associated with a 65% reduction in the risk of death compared to placebo (hazard ratio: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.17–0.71; p = 0.0037), after adjusting for baseline risk factors. "The long-term survival data further validate the magnitude and durability of PrimeC's effect in ALS and reinforce its potential as a disease-modifying therapy," said Alon Ben-Noon, CEO of NeuroSense. "A 65% reduction in the risk of death and a statistically significant extension in median survival of over 14 months represent a clinically meaningful benefit of notable magnitude in ALS. We believe these findings substantially strengthen the clinical and regulatory foundation as we advance toward late-stage development." The PARADIGM Phase 2b trial was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PrimeC in 68 people living with ALS. Participants were administered PrimeC or placebo at a 2:1 ratio, respectively, for the six-month double-blind part. NeuroSense previously reported positive top-line results from the trial, including statistically significant slowing of disease progression and favorable safety and tolerability. The newly reported survival findings represent additional meaningful data generated from the same completed study, further enhancing the overall data package supporting PrimeC. NeuroSense continues to engage with regulatory authorities regarding the advancement of PrimeC into pivotal late-stage development and believes these findings add important long-term clinical context to previously reported efficacy results. About NeuroSense NeuroSense Therapeutics, Ltd. is a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on discovering and developing treatments for patients suffering from debilitating neurodegenerative diseases. NeuroSense believes that these diseases, which include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, among others, represent one of the most significant unmet medical needs of our time, with limited effective therapeutic options available for patients to date. Due to the complexity of neurodegenerative diseases and based on strong scientific research on a large panel of related biomarkers, NeuroSense's strategy is to develop combined therapies targeting multiple pathways associated with these diseases. For additional information, we invite you to visit our website and follow us on LinkedIn, YouTube and X. Information that may be important to investors may be routinely posted on our website and these social media channels. About PrimeC PrimeC, NeuroSense's lead drug candidate, is a novel extended-release oral formulation composed of a unique fixed-dose combination of two FDA-approved drugs: ciprofloxacin and celecoxib. PrimeC is designed to synergistically target several key mechanisms of ALS and AD, that contribute to neuron degeneration, inflammation, iron accumulation and impaired ribonucleic acid ("RNA") regulation to potentially inhibit the progression of ALS and AD. About ALS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ("ALS") is an incurable neurodegenerative disease that causes complete paralysis and death within 2-5 years from diagnosis. Every year, more than 5,000 people are diagnosed with ALS in the U.S. alone, with an annual disease burden of $1 billion. The number of people living with ALS is expected to grow by 24% by 2040 in the U.S. and EU. Forward-Looking Statements This press release contains "forward-looking statements" that are subject to substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, contained in this press release are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements contained in this press release may be identified by the use of words such as "anticipate," "believe," "contemplate," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "seek," "may," "might," "plan," "potential," "predict," "project," "target," "aim," "should," "will" "would," or the negative of these words or other similar expressions, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. Forward-looking statements are based on NeuroSense Therapeutics' current expectations and are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and assumptions that are difficult to predict and include statements regarding the timing of regulatory filings, meetings and regulatory decisions. Further, certain forward-looking statements, including statements regarding future development of PrimeC, are based on assumptions as to future events that may not prove to be accurate. The future events and trends may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward looking statements. These risks include the uncertainty regarding outcomes and the timing of current and future clinical trials; the risk the PrimeC will not advance towards later-stage development, timing for reporting data, including from the study of PrimeC in Alzheimer's disease; that the study will not be successful; the ability of NeuroSense to remain listed on Nasdaq; and other risks and uncertainties set forth in NeuroSense's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). You should not rely on these statements as representing our views in the future. More information about the risks and uncertainties affecting NeuroSense is contained under the heading "Risk Factors" in the Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 7, 2025 and NeuroSense's subsequent filings with the SEC. Forward-looking statements contained in this announcement are made as of this date, and NeuroSense undertakes no duty to update such information except as required under applicable law. Logo: SOURCE NeuroSense 21% more press release views with Request a Demo

Clinical ResultPhase 2

09 Feb 2026

·www.prnewswire.com

NeuroSense Expands Global IP Protection Strategy With Granted Australian Patent Covering PrimeC Composition

Strengthens Global IP Portfolio for PrimeC Through 2042 CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Feb. 9, 2026 /PRNewswire/ -- NeuroSense Therapeutics Ltd. (Nasdaq: NRSN) ("NeuroSense"), a late-clinical stage biotechnology company developing novel treatments for severe neurodegenerative diseases, today announced that the Australian Patent Office (IP Australia) has granted Australian Patent No. 2022370513, entitled "Compositions Comprising Ciprofloxacin and Celecoxib," representing another strategic step in the continued expansion of the Company's global intellectual property protection for PrimeC. The granted Australian patent, following prior approval of the corresponding U.S. patent (12,097,185), further expands NeuroSense's patent protection across key global markets and reinforces the Company's exclusivity strategy for PrimeC, with patent coverage extending through October 2042. NeuroSense continues to strengthen the company's global intellectual property estate and to support the long-term development and potential commercialization of PrimeC in ALS, Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative indications. "Securing patent protection in Australia, in addition to the already granted patent in the US, is an important step in executing our global IP protection strategy for PrimeC," said Alon Ben-Noon, Chief Executive Officer of NeuroSense. "As we advance PrimeC toward pivotal development and potential commercialization, building a broad, durable IP estate across major jurisdictions is central to supporting long-term value creation." PrimeC is a proprietary fixed-dose oral therapy combining ciprofloxacin and celecoxib in a synchronized, extended-release formulation specifically engineered to deliver both agents in a coordinated manner - a key differentiator versus simple co-administration. The formulation enables consistent exposure across multiple disease pathways implicated in ALS, including neuroinflammation, iron dysregulation, and miRNA dysregulation, supporting a multi-target disease-modifying approach. PrimeC is Phase 3-ready in ALS, following positive Phase 2b PARADIGM results and FDA clearance of the pivotal Phase 3 protocol. About NeuroSense NeuroSense Therapeutics, Ltd. is a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on discovering and developing treatments for patients suffering from debilitating neurodegenerative diseases. NeuroSense believes that these diseases, which include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, among others, represent one of the most significant unmet medical needs of our time, with limited effective therapeutic options available for patients to date. Due to the complexity of neurodegenerative diseases and based on strong scientific research on a large panel of related biomarkers, NeuroSense's strategy is to develop combined therapies targeting multiple pathways associated with these diseases. For additional information, we invite you to visit our website and follow us on LinkedIn, YouTube and X. Information that may be important to investors may be routinely posted on our website and these social media channels. About PrimeC PrimeC, NeuroSense's lead drug candidate, is a novel extended-release oral formulation composed of a unique fixed-dose combination of two FDA-approved drugs: ciprofloxacin and celecoxib. PrimeC is designed to synergistically target several key mechanisms of ALS and AD, that contribute to neuron degeneration, inflammation, iron accumulation and impaired ribonucleic acid ("RNA") regulation to potentially inhibit the progression of ALS and AD. About ALS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ("ALS") is an incurable neurodegenerative disease that causes complete paralysis and death within 2-5 years from diagnosis. Every year, more than 5,000 people are diagnosed with ALS in the U.S. alone, with an annual disease burden of $1 billion. The number of people living with ALS is expected to grow by 24% by 2040 in the U.S. and EU. About Alzheimer's Disease Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of dementia worldwide, affecting more than 30 million people globally. AD is characterized by memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes, and currently has no cure. Existing therapies provide only limited symptomatic relief, leaving a significant unmet need for disease-modifying treatments that can slow or halt progression. Given the complexity of AD, approaches that target multiple disease mechanisms simultaneously, such as PrimeC, hold potential to deliver meaningful therapeutic advances for patients and their families. Forward-Looking Statements This press release contains "forward-looking statements" that are subject to substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, contained in this press release are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements contained in this press release may be identified by the use of words such as "anticipate," "believe," "contemplate," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "seek," "may," "might," "plan," "potential," "predict," "project," "target," "aim," "should," "will" "would," or the negative of these words or other similar expressions, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. Forward-looking statements are based on NeuroSense Therapeutics' current expectations and are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and assumptions that are difficult to predict and include statements regarding the timing of regulatory filings, meetings and regulatory decisions. Further, certain forward-looking statements, including statements regarding the length of patent coverage, are based on assumptions as to future events that may not prove to be accurate. The future events and trends may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward looking statements. These risks include the uncertainty regarding outcomes and the timing of current and future clinical trials; timing for reporting data, including from the study of PrimeC in Alzheimer's disease; that the study will not be successful; the ability of NeuroSense to remain listed on Nasdaq; and other risks and uncertainties set forth in NeuroSense's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). You should not rely on these statements as representing our views in the future. More information about the risks and uncertainties affecting NeuroSense is contained under the heading "Risk Factors" in the Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 7, 2025 and NeuroSense's subsequent filings with the SEC. Forward-looking statements contained in this announcement are made as of this date, and NeuroSense undertakes no duty to update such information except as required under applicable law. Logo - SOURCE NeuroSense 21% more press release views with Request a Demo

Phase 3Phase 2Drug Approval

100 Deals associated with Ciprofloxacin

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00186	Ciprofloxacin	S01AE03 J01MA02 S03AA07	DB00537

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

to view more data

Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Otitis Externa	United States	ALK-Abello A/S	10 Dec 2015
Otitis Media With Effusion	United States	ALK-Abello A/S	10 Dec 2015
Hospital-acquired pneumonia	United States	Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	02 Feb 2015
Non-complicated skin and skin structure infection	United States	Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	02 Feb 2015
Plague	United States	Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	02 Feb 2015
Bronchiectasis	China	Bayer Pharma AG	22 Sep 2013
Bacterial prostatitis	Australia	Ipca Pharma (Australia) Pty Ltd.	05 Nov 2004
Bronchial Diseases	Australia	Ipca Pharma (Australia) Pty Ltd.	05 Nov 2004
Gastroenteritis	Australia	Ipca Pharma (Australia) Pty Ltd.	05 Nov 2004
Gonococcal urethritis	Australia	Ipca Pharma (Australia) Pty Ltd.	05 Nov 2004
Uterine Cervicitis	Australia	Ipca Pharma (Australia) Pty Ltd.	05 Nov 2004
Pyelonephritis	United States	Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	25 Mar 2004
Anthrax	Japan	Bayer Yakuhin Ltd.	21 Dec 2001
Cholangitis	Japan	Bayer Yakuhin Ltd.	22 Sep 2000
Cholecystitis	Japan	Bayer Yakuhin Ltd.	22 Sep 2000
Peritonitis	Japan	Bayer Yakuhin Ltd.	22 Sep 2000
Pneumonia	Japan	Bayer Yakuhin Ltd.	22 Sep 2000
Complicated urinary tract infection	United States	Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	26 Sep 1997
Acute sinusitis	United States	Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corp.	26 Dec 1990
Acute sinusitis	United States	Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	26 Dec 1990

Developing

10 top R&D records.

to view more data

Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Acute otitis externa	Phase 3	United States	Otonomy, Inc.	01 Jun 2016
Acute otitis externa	Phase 3	Canada	Otonomy, Inc.	01 Jun 2016
Infective otitis externa	Phase 3	United States	Otonomy, Inc.	01 Jun 2016
Infective otitis externa	Phase 3	Canada	Otonomy, Inc.	01 Jun 2016
Otitis Media	Phase 3	United States	Otonomy, Inc.	01 Oct 2015
Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis	Phase 3	United States	Novartis AG	02 May 2013
Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis	Phase 3	United States	Bayer AG	02 May 2013
Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis	Phase 3	Japan	Novartis AG	02 May 2013
Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis	Phase 3	Japan	Bayer AG	02 May 2013
Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis	Phase 3	Argentina	Bayer AG	02 May 2013

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

View All Results

Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT05977868 (COPAT, CTgov)	Phase 4	Bone and joint infections \| Genitourinary tract infection \| Infection of digestive system ... View more	94	cefalexin+levofloxacin+Amoxicillin+doxycycline+delafloxacin+amoxicillin-clavulanate+linezolid+ciprofloxacin+cefpodoxime+cefadroxil (Group 1 (Experimental))	gmhazouypd = jerzeejewz eyubfwulzo (yrbsbtfmye, drtrocfxml - ewvtmycwty) View more	-	26 Aug 2025
				cefazolin+ceftazidime-avibactam+dalbavancin+ampicillin-sulbactam+ceftaroline+ceftazidime+Ampicillin+cefepime+daptomycin+ertapenem (Group 2 (Control))	gmhazouypd = eemjvjzbom eyubfwulzo (yrbsbtfmye, kdtpmzmipd - pbywttbxhj) View more
NCT03850379 (Pubmed \| Int J Infect Dis)	Phase 2	Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation	308	Ciprofloxacin	qwfwmdmuzd(zxlfeiotvw) = wpxafttfph pbbvgsrdef (xodjytymyx ) View more	Positive	15 Jul 2024
				Levofloxacin	qwfwmdmuzd(zxlfeiotvw) = tefbzagdpz pbbvgsrdef (xodjytymyx ) View more
NCT02773732 (phase 1b, Pubmed)	Phase 1	Refractory acute myeloid leukemia	11	Ciprofloxacin 750 mg	kezpiqwvla(vnnmmcdald) = oflkqrtrdd myiodatgep (qiklzpdfkc ) View more	Negative	06 Jun 2024
				Ciprofloxacin 1000 mg	kezpiqwvla(vnnmmcdald) = illgoxsfkn myiodatgep (qiklzpdfkc ) View more
NCT03969758 (clinicaltrials.gov PRS ID: NCT03969758, 31/05/2019, Pubmed)	Phase 3	Liver Abscess	140	Ciprofloxacin	dknoqtdail(fbcrrfunab) = xtufrfnmzm kvgkvbblcc (fhcrahozxp ) View more	Positive	20 May 2024
				Cefixime	dknoqtdail(fbcrrfunab) = qfwhhmbmxr kvgkvbblcc (fhcrahozxp ) View more
NCT03850379 (not available, Tandem Meetings ASTCT and CIBMTR2023)	Phase 2	Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation	-	Ciprofloxacin	pwwbmwfoxc(qamphjaqtk) = qienmxzfho iqlexpgdix (ezvgeoiuam ) View more	Positive	01 Feb 2023
				Levofloxacin	pwwbmwfoxc(qamphjaqtk) = ndozuptuzf iqlexpgdix (ezvgeoiuam ) View more
NCT01265173 (Pubmed \| Am J Gastroenterol)	Not Applicable	Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis First line	261	Cefotaxime	dtfznkhbjk(wyqhxlkskf) = oeogoyelzz thoazuewsw (xchzdxqmfk )	-	02 Jan 2023
				Ceftriaxone	dtfznkhbjk(wyqhxlkskf) = oaxctvqetx thoazuewsw (xchzdxqmfk )
NCT05436678 (Biospace) Manual	Phase 1	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	20	Celecoxib+Ciprofloxacin+Ciprofloxacin+Celecoxib	iplmaquclc(tbbsytxmmi) = as a comparison of PrimeC to ciprofloxacin and celecoxib shows that the AUC0-t, and AUC0-∞ are lower for both components of PrimeC compared to the highest approved doses of each of the components administered separately. kgfnnsneyx (wcxdvuvheu ) View more	Positive	28 Sep 2022
NCT02773732 (UF-AML-CE-101 \| phase 1b, CTgov)	Phase 1/2	Refractory acute myeloid leukemia	11	Etoposide+Ciprofloxacin 1000 MG (Ciprofloxacin Dose Level +1)	zwluiogryg = cfzuacdzyx aibchretud (nvzoeendcl, yeywwhnvpc - rkqdhiiqqt) View more	-	05 Aug 2022
				Etoposide+Ciprofloxacin 750 MG (Ciprofloxacin Dose Level 0)	euallssdef(rkwmmlwtvq) = bgujutbshf fgertkfnne (yaquuuujmi, cmzfofncri - cjfngzbjam) View more
EBMT2022	Not Applicable	Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation	38	Ciprofloxacin	trazmajqrs(zvkgnbyiwn) = nwfoejkymd wircohhctf (shvtqhlcts ) View more	Positive	19 Mar 2022
				Rifaximin	trazmajqrs(zvkgnbyiwn) = haookbcevi wircohhctf (shvtqhlcts ) View more
NCT04523987 (ASCO_GI2022) Manual	Phase 1	Metastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma	8	gemcitabine+nab-paclitaxel+Ciprofloxacin	wdxuzaufuy(mhofewprju) = tliskqcwtt nuuxzbvkzp (sbthnfyoyq ) View more	Positive	19 Jan 2022

Translational Medicine

Boost your research with our translational medicine data.

view full example data

Deal

Boost your decision using our deal data.

view full example data

Core Patent

Boost your research with our Core Patent data.

view full example data

Clinical Trial

Identify the latest clinical trials across global registries.

view full example data

Approval

Accelerate your research with the latest regulatory approval information.

view full example data

Regulation

Understand key drug designations in just a few clicks with Synapse.

view full example data

AI Agents Built for Biopharma Breakthroughs

Accelerate discovery. Empower decisions. Transform outcomes.

Get started for free today!

Accelerate Strategic R&D decision making with Synapse, PatSnap’s AI-powered Connected Innovation Intelligence Platform Built for Life Sciences Professionals.

Start your data trial now!

Synapse data is also accessible to external entities via APIs or data packages. Empower better decisions with the latest in pharmaceutical intelligence.

Bio

Bio Sequences Search & Analysis

Chemical

Chemical Structures Search & Analysis

Ciprofloxacin

Overview

Basic Info

Structure/Sequence

Related

External Link

R&D Status

Clinical Result

Translational Medicine

Deal

Core Patent

Clinical Trial

Approval

Regulation