Last update 01 Jul 2024
Amifostine
Last update 01 Jul 2024
Overview
Basic Info
Drug Type Small molecule drug |
Synonyms Amifostine (USP), Amifostine anhydrous, Amifostine hydrate + [19] |
Target |
Mechanism TNSALP modulators(Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme modulators) |
Therapeutic Areas |
Active Indication |
Inactive Indication |
Originator Organization |
Active Organization |
Inactive Organization |
Drug Highest PhaseApproved |
First Approval Date US (08 Dec 1995), |
RegulationAccelerated Approval (US), Orphan Drug (US) |
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Structure
Molecular FormulaC5H21N2O6PS |
InChIKeyTXQPXJKRNHJWAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS Registry112901-68-5 |
Related
43
Clinical Trials associated with AmifostineA Phase II Trial of Capecitabine and Irinotecan With or Without Amifostine in Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
A Combination Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of an Anti-cancer Medication (A01) With Immune Cells (IC01) in Subjects With Advanced Solid Tumors
A Combination Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of an Anticancer Medication (A01) With Immune Cells (IC01) in Subjects With Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancer
100 Clinical Results associated with Amifostine
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100 Translational Medicine associated with Amifostine
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100 Patents (Medical) associated with Amifostine
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1,795
Literatures (Medical) associated with Amifostine01 Jan 2024Advanced healthcare materials
A 3D In Vitro Cortical Tissue Model Based on Dense Collagen to Study the Effects of Gamma Radiation on Neuronal Function
Article
Author: Lojek, Neal M ; Williams, Victoria A ; Rogers, Andrew M ; Ghezzi, Chiara E ; Sajo, Erno ; Black, Bryan J
Abstract:
Studies on gamma radiation‐induced injury have long been focused on hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and cardiovascular systems, yet little is known about the effects of gamma radiation on the function of human cortical tissue. The challenge in studying radiation‐induced cortical injury is, in part, due to a lack of human tissue models and physiologically relevant readouts. Here, a physiologically relevant 3D collagen‐based cortical tissue model (CTM) is developed for studying the functional response of human iPSC‐derived neurons and astrocytes to a sub‐lethal radiation exposure (5 Gy). Cytotoxicity, DNA damage, morphology, and extracellular electrophysiology are quantified. It is reported that 5 Gy exposure significantly increases cytotoxicity, DNA damage, and astrocyte reactivity while significantly decreasing neurite length and neuronal network activity. Additionally, it is found that clinically deployed radioprotectant amifostine ameliorates the DNA damage, cytotoxicity, and astrocyte reactivity. The CTM provides a critical experimental platform to understand cell‐level mechanisms by which gamma radiation (GR) affects human cortical tissue and to screen prospective radioprotectant compounds.
01 Dec 2023Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica
[Guiqi Yiyuan Ointment protects rat left lung from bystander effect of right lung injury induced by ~(12)C~(6+) beam].
Article
Author: Liang, Jian-Qing ; Ma, Tian-Xing ; Li, Juan ; Zhang, Yi ; Li, Jin-Tian
This study observed the effects of Guiqi Yiyuan Ointment(GQYY) on the left lung subjecting to bystander effect of right lung injury induced by ~(12)C~(6+) beam in rats and decipher the underlying mechanism from NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)/apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC)/cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1(caspase-1) pathway. Wistar rats were randomized into 7 groups: blank, model, inhibitor [200 mg·kg~(-1), N-acetylcysteine(NAC)], western drug [140 mg·kg~(-1) amifostine(AMI)], and high-, medium-, and low-dose(4.8, 2.4, and 1.2 g·kg~(-1), respectively) GQYY groups. The model of bystander effect damage was established by 4 Gy ~(12)C~(6+) beam irradiation of the right lung(with the other part shielded by a lead plate). The pathological changes in the lung tissue, the level of reactive oxygen species(ROS) in the lung tissue, and the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in the serum were observed and measured in each group. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)/nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB p65) were determined. Compared with the blank group, the model group showed thickened alveolar wall, narrowed alveolar cavity, and presence of massive red blood cells and inflammatory infiltration in the alveolar wall and alveolar cavity. In addition, the model group showed elevated ROS levels in both left and right lungs, elevated MDA level, lowered SOD level, and up-regulated mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65. Compared with the model group, the drug administration in all the groups reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung tissue. The inhibitor group and the western drug group showed enlarged alveolar cavity, thinned interstitium, and reduced inflammation. There was a small amount of alveolar wall rupture in the high-and medium-dose GQYY groups and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in the low dose GQYY group. Compared with the model group, drug administration lowered level of ROS in the left and right lungs, lowered the MDA level, elevated the SOD level, and down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65. GQYY can effectively reduce the damage caused by radiation and bystander effect, which may be associated with the ROS-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
01 Mar 2024Blood reviews
Optimizing high dose melphalan
Review
Author: Dahi, Parastoo ; Giralt, Sergio ; Shah, Gunjan
Melphalan, has been a major component of myeloma therapy since the 1950s. In the context of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), high dose melphalan (HDM) is the most common conditioning regimen used due to its potent anti-myeloma effects and manageable toxicities. Common toxicities associated with HDM include myelosuppression, gastrointestinal issues, and mucositis. Established approaches to reduce these toxicities encompass dose modification, nausea prophylaxis with 5HT3 receptor antagonists, cryotherapy, amifostine use, and growth factors. Optimization of melphalan exposure through personalized dosing and its combination with other agents like busulfan, or bendamustine show promise. Propylene glycol-free melphalan (Evomela) represents a novel formulation aiming to enhance drug stability and reduce adverse effects. This review explores strategies to enhance the efficacy and mitigate the toxicity of HDM in multiple myeloma. Future directions involve exploring these strategies in clinical trials to improve the safety and efficacy of HDM, thereby enhancing outcomes for multiple myeloma patients undergoing autologous HCT.
2
News (Medical) associated with Amifostine11 Aug 2023
AcquisitionLicense out/in
10 Aug 2023
AcquisitionRadiation Therapy
100 Deals associated with Amifostine
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External Link
| KEGG | Wiki | ATC | Drug Bank |
|---|---|---|---|
| D00226 | Amifostine |
R&D Status
Approved
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| Indication | Country/Location | Organization | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cytoprotective Agent | CN | 01 Jan 2001 | |
| Neutropenia | AU | 16 Apr 1998 | |
| Xerostomia | AU | 16 Apr 1998 | |
| Toxicity | CA | 17 Jul 1996 | |
| Chemotherapy-induced damage | US | 08 Dec 1995 |
Developing
10 top R&D records. to view more data
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| Indication | Highest Phase | Country/Location | Organization | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Head and Neck Neoplasms | Phase 3 | FR | 01 Mar 2001 | |
| Acute Myeloid Leukemia | Phase 2 | US | 01 Jul 2004 | |
| Acute Myeloid Leukemia | Phase 2 | IL | 01 Jul 2004 | |
| Esophagitis | Phase 2 | US | 01 Nov 2003 | |
| Pneumonia | Phase 2 | US | 01 Nov 2003 | |
| Unresectable Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma | Phase 2 | US | 01 Nov 2003 | |
| Hodgkin's Lymphoma | Phase 2 | US | 01 May 2003 | |
| Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | Phase 2 | US | 01 May 2003 | |
| Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Phase 2 | US | 01 May 2002 | |
| Complication | Phase 2 | US | 01 Jan 1998 |
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Clinical Result
Clinical Result
Indication
Phase
Evaluation
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Phase 2 | 4 | qfzpxpzzhf(jhehcmvfxj) = kmuhlftlmw nxsxrjdsiv (zwxexvbnet, sgeqgccxmc - hjgirvbkbc) View more | - | 01 Aug 2023 | |||
Phase 2 | 2 | iilfclcqwa(ujiwpvvxix) = amfqbsrkzj kzvqivlhou (gznvzdamtq, kadufqghpy - wrqwxddtny) View more | - | 25 Jan 2022 | |||
Phase 2 | 187 | cwpezggicn(xhvsjryptl) = zoqdkgaohn xciwhodnzg (qmqawstaza ) View more | - | 01 Jun 2018 | |||
cwpezggicn(xhvsjryptl) = woaxufifna xciwhodnzg (qmqawstaza ) View more | |||||||
Phase 3 | 17 | CyberKnife stereotactic radiosurgery (Placebo) | ghitkrwomz(nrjtpihtwh) = xmpekkhlor fkwecvrhyg (yxhmuupygr, waacwcmfiv - mntamamhzh) View more | - | 04 Apr 2017 | ||
(Amifostine) | ghitkrwomz(nrjtpihtwh) = luponqynjp fkwecvrhyg (yxhmuupygr, juyazosuta - cvoodualfh) View more | ||||||
Phase 2 | 21 | wltncahidh(idvceoqiel) = rdwyaomzuo thozoklnhy (lolwwzizqa, wnrhvgpcld - fyqxbmtajd) View more | - | 08 Aug 2016 | |||
Phase 3 | 243 | fozygrxtku(elptpjiqmn) = swcsfdngnk ysofrntfqk (ncxnuubbkv ) | - | 01 Jun 2013 | |||
fozygrxtku(elptpjiqmn) = kpvosgtioe ysofrntfqk (ncxnuubbkv ) | |||||||
Phase 2 | 3 | Intensity- Modulated Radiation Therapy+Amifostine | zrlggsxpnj(rubmaejmhf) = vktqqsnozs ialtakywcg (aenmwbieyn, exapyyrsui - kzceguwsvz) View more | - | 18 Jan 2010 | ||
Phase 2 | 58 | kbmllczdku(gzvshspclr) = smjeppagtj uvaewcjuzy (okunswscei ) | - | 01 Oct 2009 | |||
Phase 1 | 42 | gnagfdxeol(sarnodbjwv) = awkxtnqbuh tilpiqmllc (mrjtwikjdm ) View more | - | 20 Jun 2007 | |||
Not Applicable | 243 | ccqtgzxypx(zjisahaveh) = lzglkmlhgm sorblejsoe (sadyhzymds ) | - | 20 Jun 2007 | |||
ccqtgzxypx(zjisahaveh) = fvxpbwbdvo sorblejsoe (sadyhzymds ) |
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