Delving into the Latest Updates on Gatifloxacin with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro- 8-methoxy-7-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- 4-oxo-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid, Bonoq, Bonoq Uro

+ [99]

Target

Bacterial DNA gyrase x Bacterial top IV

Mechanism

Bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitors, Bacterial top IV inhibitors(Bacterial topoisomerase IV inhibitors)

Therapeutic Areas

Infectious DiseasesEye DiseasesOtorhinolaryngologic Diseases+ [2]

Active Indication

Conjunctivitis, BacterialBlepharitisCorneal Ulcer+ [7]

Inactive Indication

Acute bacterial bronchitisAcute sinusitisAnthrax+ [6]

Originator Organization

Bristol Myers Squibb Co.

Active Organization

Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

AbbVie, Inc.

Sino-American Shanghai Squibb Pharmaceuticals Ltd.

+ [1]

Inactive Organization

Allergan Ltd. (Ireland)

Bristol Myers Squibb Co.

KYORIN Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

+ [1]

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

US (17 Dec 1999),

Acute bacterial bronchitisAcute sinusitisBronchitis, Chronic+ [4]

Regulation-

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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC19H22FN3O4

InChIKeyXUBOMFCQGDBHNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS Registry112811-59-3

View All Structures (2)

Sensitive and selective detection of fluoroquinolones, especially from different sources, is challenging. This study reported an uncommon three-cage lanthanide metal-organic framework (1-Eu) with a Eu³⁺ cluster as its structural primitive using a C₂-symmetric 5,5-(Pyrazine-2,6-diyl) diisophthalic acid ligand. The 1-Eu probe effectively detected four fluoroquinolones through distinct color changes and spectral emission bands, demonstrating excellent performance with low detection limits: moxifloxacin (LOD: 9.3 nM), danofloxacin (LOD: 33.7 nM), gatifloxacin (LOD: 67.9 nM), and ofloxacin (LOD: 238.6 nM). Mechanistic studies revealed that internal filtration and photoinduced electron transfer (a-PET) effects were key factors. Furthermore, 1-Eu was successfully used to detect fluoroquinolones in food samples. Additionally, portable paper-based sensors were developed to quickly semi-quantify analyte concentrations using a smartphone color recognition app, underscoring the practical potential of this probe. This study introduces a novel methodology for the identification and detection of fluoroquinolones to enhance food safety.

01 Jan 2025·Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

Antimicrobial Resistance and Public Health Risks Associated with Staphylococci Isolated from Raw and Processed Meat Products

Article

Author: Malik, Abdul ; Ahmad, Junaid ; Anas, Mohammad ; Lone, Showkat Ahmad

This study aimed at evaluating the occurrence, antibiotic resistance, and β-lactamase production in Staphylococcus isolates recovered from meat and meat products, as well as the incidence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in these bacterial isolates. The prevalence of Staphylococcus was very high (75% and 50%) in street kebab and raw buffalo meat, respectively. The antibiotic resistance and susceptibility behavior showed that 82% of the Staphylococcus isolates were resistant to β-lactam antibiotics such as aztreonam, followed by methicillin (68%), oxacillin (54%), cefepime (36%), ceftazidime (34%), cefaclor (24%), cefotaxime (22%), ertapenem (4%), meropenem and imipenem (2%). Among non-β-lactam antibiotics, the most widespread resistance was observed against nalidixic acid (80%), sulfadiazine (76%), vancomycin (24%), erythromycin (10%), chloramphenicol (6%), and kanamycin and gatifloxacin (4%). One hundred percent of the isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, gemifloxacin, and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid. In vitro drug-resistant characteristics revealed 36 distinct resistance patterns of Staphylococcus isolates, with 82% of them being multidrug resistant (MDR). Iodometric assay showed that 48% of the Staphylococcus isolates produced β-lactamase and 24% of the isolates were capable of producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases phenotypically. The most commonly detected AMR gene was mecA (29.2%), followed by Sul 1 (25%) and qnrS and qnrB (20.8%), in Staphylococcus isolates. Current findings show widespread occurrence of MDR Staphylococcus strains in raw meat and street meat products, which is a potential risk to public health. Therefore, the study suggests strict monitoring of hygiene through the whole food chain and judicious use of antibiotics.

01 Jan 2025·Food Chemistry: X

Efficient voltammetric platform combining a molecularly imprinted polymer and silver-nanoparticle-decorated black phosphorus nanosheets for selective determination of Gatifloxacin

Article

Author: Zhang, Yafeng ; Li, Guangli ; Wang, Tianyu ; Wu, Jingtao ; Xia, Yonghui

An ultrasensitive and selective voltammetric platform combined a molecularly imprinted poly(pyrrole) membrane with Ag-nanoparticle-functionalized black phosphorus nanosheets (MIP/BPNS-AgNPs) was developed for trace GAT detection. The physicochemical properties of the MIP/BPNS-AgNPs were studied by various spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. BPNS-AgNPs improved the ambient stability and electrochemical activity of the BPNS and possessed a large surface area for accommodating abundant templates to produce specific imprinted sites. The resulting MIP/BPNS-AgNP-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) greatly enhanced voltammetric responses for GAT. The MIP/BPNS-AgNP/GCE exhibited admirable GAT determination performance, with two linear responses (0.001-1 and 1-50 μM), high sensitivity (9.965 and 0.5378 μA μM^-1), and a low detection limit of 0.2 nM. In addition, the MIP electrode could selectively detect GAT in complex matrices and retain roust responses for a month. The applicability of MIP/BPNS-AgNP/GCE toward the detection of GAT in pharmaceutical formulations, milk, and human serum was verified with satisfactory results.

100 Deals associated with Gatifloxacin

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External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00589	Gatifloxacin	S01AE06 J01MA16	DB01044

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Conjunctivitis, Bacterial	US	AbbVie, Inc.	18 May 2010
Blepharitis	JP	Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	07 Sep 2004
Corneal Ulcer	JP	Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	07 Sep 2004
Dacryocystitis	JP	Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	07 Sep 2004
Hordeolum	JP	Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	07 Sep 2004
Conjunctivitis	BR	-	27 Mar 2004
Infectious Diseases	CN	Sino-American Shanghai Squibb Pharmaceuticals Ltd.	29 Oct 2002

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Conjunctivitis	Preclinical	CN	Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	17 Feb 2005
Conjunctivitis, Bacterial	Preclinical	US	Allergan, Inc.	28 Mar 2003

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Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT03578276 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Cataract	35	prednisolone acetate+gatifloxacin+bromfenac (LessDrops)	ozwtfulqxj(yosmqgbtaa) = hatjfxuuna yeqvbrrdqj (ofblmrtvgz, mhdowkanwh - fudxykgevl) View more	-	10 Jun 2022
				Prednisolone acetate 1% ophthalmic suspension+Gatifloxacin Ophthalmic+Bromfenac 0.075% Oph Solution (Standard of Care)	ozwtfulqxj(yosmqgbtaa) = dicbokmtug yeqvbrrdqj (ofblmrtvgz, riqfesrkdc - cacrnodgez) View more
ARVO2021	Not Applicable	Keratitis	794	Netilmicin	bzklowxndd(bkethetgxt) = lqxwptaezo chrpxfdgzp (cupnotykqx ) View more	Positive	01 Jun 2021
				Moxifloxacin	bzklowxndd(bkethetgxt) = awgfyrbmiz chrpxfdgzp (cupnotykqx ) View more
NCT00216385 (Pubmed \| Antimicrob Agents Chemother)	Phase 3	Pulmonary Tuberculosis	-	Gatifloxacin (Standard 6-month treatment)	(zlkdzmqbnh) = evwtdbxyqf rifnvxfjzg (ijwoizgxzg ) View more	-	01 Jul 2017
				Test regimen with gatifloxacin, rifampin, and isoniazid	(zlkdzmqbnh) = iippuevnam rifnvxfjzg (ijwoizgxzg ) View more
ARVO2017	Phase 2	Conjunctivitis, Bacterial	300	Pazufloxacin 0.09% BID	(mkqtypskwh) = xcalhymoig tljihnwfgh (ytphlnhgob )	Positive	07 May 2017
				Pazufloxacin 0.09% TID	(mkqtypskwh) = pvyidreblu tljihnwfgh (ytphlnhgob )
AAO2015	Not Applicable	Endophthalmitis	-	Gatifloxacin	(swklljuwfg) = iqalgcbgyp vbjrotdhxt (qjsyliknzo, 0.02)	-	15 Nov 2015
				Polymyxin-trimethoprim	(swklljuwfg) = dwcvytipbh vbjrotdhxt (qjsyliknzo, 0.02)
NCT01928693 (Eye02, CTgov)	Phase 2	Corneal Ulcer	2	Besivance 0.6% Ophthalmic Suspension (Besivance 0.6% Ophthalmic Suspension)	cdjtydguie(accmvjnvpk) = jiqmcjpkzz gecsqchfkn (cneniixkzr, wxdkqfpztj - izqydenhyp) View more	-	13 Aug 2015
				Zymaxid 0.5% Ophthalmic Solution (Zymaxid 0.5% Ophthalmic Solution)	pzghaiyylb(iuimuykelz) = zosavwnass rdvicxkvmw (vlnybrgeme, yzjomihubv - nvircrzobg) View more
ARVO2015	Not Applicable	-	-	0.3% gatifloxacin eye gel	(rorwhthbnt) = bskcbjdinq klbdcgchdi (zeofqswhka )	-	01 Jun 2015
NCT00350363 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Ophthalmologic surgical procedures	60	Gatifloxacin	acdcibphhv(vgonbxiyha) = bjomvfvdko vreofboxgc (nuxmlzbazn, qnekfljsxv - wvrpfiuevg) View more	-	29 Jan 2015
NCT00509873 (Pubmed \| J Ocul Pharmacol Ther)	Phase 3	acute bacterial conjunctivitis	1,437	Gatifloxacin 0.5%	parnczmxty(llnlwmpevd) = AEs were reported by 11.6% and 13.3% of patients in the gatifloxacin 0.5% and vehicle safety populations, respectively rwrnpryaka (pywdhtskgk ) View more	-	01 Dec 2014
				Vehicle
NCT00410891 (CTgov)	Phase 4	-	129	gatifloxacin	rwgjepkafy(rvsmyzbquv) = tomrhcbkrh atarqtvtwu (bntgdidnel, hhphkfuegb - wfzqebqvtd) View more	-	12 Jun 2014