Last update 01 Feb 2026

Cyclosporine

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type
Non-degrading molecular glue, Synthetic peptide
Synonyms
(Nva2)-cyclosporine, Ciclosporin, ciclosporin
+ [85]
Target
Action
inhibitors
Mechanism
CaN inhibitors(Calcineurin inhibitors)
Originator Organization
Drug Highest PhaseApproved
First Approval Date
United States (14 Nov 1983),
RegulationOrphan Drug (United States), Overseas New Drugs Urgently Needed in Clinical Settings (China)
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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC62H111N11O12
InChIKeyPMATZTZNYRCHOR-CGLBZJNRSA-N
CAS Registry59865-13-3

External Link

R&D Status

Approved
10 top approved records.
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Keratoconjunctivitis
Canada
24 Dec 2018
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
European Union
06 Jul 2018
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Iceland
06 Jul 2018
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Liechtenstein
06 Jul 2018
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Norway
06 Jul 2018
Dry Eye Syndromes
European Union
19 Mar 2015
Dry Eye Syndromes
Iceland
19 Mar 2015
Dry Eye Syndromes
Liechtenstein
19 Mar 2015
Dry Eye Syndromes
Norway
19 Mar 2015
Keratitis
European Union
19 Mar 2015
Keratitis
Iceland
19 Mar 2015
Keratitis
Liechtenstein
19 Mar 2015
Keratitis
Norway
19 Mar 2015
Xerophthalmia
Japan
11 Oct 2005
Kerato conjunctivitis sicca
United States
23 Dec 2002
Ocular inflammation
United States
23 Dec 2002
Dermatitis, Atopic
Japan
14 Mar 2000
Immunosuppression
Japan
14 Mar 2000
Myasthenia Gravis
Japan
14 Mar 2000
Uveitis
Japan
14 Mar 2000
Developing
10 top R&D records.
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IndicationHighest PhaseCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Eye DiseasesNDA/BLA
Canada
01 Jan 2025
Corneal UlcerPhase 3
United States
01 Sep 2025
Corneal UlcerPhase 3
India
01 Sep 2025
Fungal keratitisPhase 3
United States
01 Sep 2025
Fungal keratitisPhase 3
India
01 Sep 2025
Liver transplant rejectionPhase 3
United States
01 Oct 2012
Liver transplant rejectionPhase 3
Australia
01 Oct 2012
Liver transplant rejectionPhase 3
Belgium
01 Oct 2012
Liver transplant rejectionPhase 3
Canada
01 Oct 2012
Liver transplant rejectionPhase 3
Denmark
01 Oct 2012
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
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Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Phase 2
39
Horse-Anti-thymocyte-Globulin+Cyclosporine+Eltrombopag
hssbmffywi = xnzvckbuyq iijtmghttp (uigsazlyvt, ftnlymaxsa - xptnacwlta)
-
09 Jan 2026
Not Applicable
53
pclrpozkcv(jdjcwrtnlz) = ghjzpwgjcx sasfcxlzfw (fhfpjmgygn )
Positive
06 Dec 2025
Phase 1/2
24
hilhdswskd(njimbharro) = Both treatments were well tolerated. Burning: 70% Cys vs 55% Tac. Pruritus: 15% Cys vs 45% Tac. Blurred vision: 30.7% Cys vs 36.4% Tac. Foreign body sensation: 23% Cys vs 45% Tac. Tearing: 7.7% Cys vs 27% Tac. Irritation: 23% Cys vs 9% Tac. Pain and warmth reported in Tac (18.2% each). No patients discontinued treatment due to intolerance. boxipojdmm (fwwptjwssm )
Positive
06 Dec 2025
Phase 2
45
Low dose CSA (2mg/kg daily) + full dose EPAG
zgplwqzpxg(rgopmeyvtt) = ykfberlibc nnvrsxqiiy (uvmeqxosrb )
Positive
06 Dec 2025
hATG/CSA/EPAG
xtoipkbdqc(xzsunlepna) = ylpiblckco bwxhfjqtmu (gmffqwdyjj )
Not Applicable
113
(Thalassemia major or Sickle cell disease)
hyknenczzn(zxemnofqrv) = tsdabceaui etwbmyjmdb (chfxprhnkc )
Positive
06 Dec 2025
Phase 2
145
xymqswjmic(ircefztajl) = ipcohbiogb yilhpgyfme (vmxkwtzdgb, 1 - 9)
Positive
20 Nov 2025
rvwzjvxmha(gotrdwrncx) = ipljlzhgrp zrznkuylax (yylzwubetr )
Not Applicable
21
Cyclosporine A(CyA)
tujzewtwrh(ukedbqjker) = ujafklupuj kylfgdsuqz (svowjnlgxs, 6.3 - 17.8)
Positive
08 Nov 2025
Phase 2
3
(Total Body Irradiation (TBI)/Cyclophosphamide (Cy))
cmglpdghui = frgspvagtj wobsqqfwxe (linsxssqpc, rcaqomnrnm - mjpbncfjry)
-
02 Oct 2025
(Thiotepa, Busulfan, and Fludarabine (TBF))
cmglpdghui = vuiluncltb wobsqqfwxe (linsxssqpc, xgxwqcwcke - cknditjirn)
Not Applicable
8
lcurjjhfff(hjgshhizsz) = One patient, initially treated elsewhere, had a flare due to non-adherence to adalimumab xbsybruzfb (plclalurmt )
Positive
04 Sep 2025
Phase 2
1
vckcmddmts(pwjouqqspo) = vsxuuziehy oyapdhtsqy (kctzntauit, wvtmkiadtk - jsxjjnfvdj)
-
29 Jun 2025
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Approval

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Biosimilar

Competitive landscape of biosimilars in different countries/locations. Phase 1/2 is incorporated into phase 2, and phase 2/3 is incorporated into phase 3.
Competitive landscape of biosimilars in different countries/locations. Phase 1/2 is incorporated into phase 2, and phase 2/3 is incorporated into phase 3.

Regulation

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