Delving into the Latest Updates on Clindamycin Hydrochloride with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryClindamycin was first made in 1966 from lincomycin and it is of the lincosamide class and works by blocking bacteria from making protein. Clindamycin is an antibiotic medication used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections, including osteomyelitis (bone) or joint infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, strep throat, pneumonia, acute otitis media (middle ear infections), and endocarditis. It can also be used to treat acne, and some cases of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In combination with quinine, it can be used to treat malaria. It is available by mouth, by injection into a vein, and as a cream or a gel to be applied to the skin or in the vagina.

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

7(S)-Chloro-7-deoxylincomycin, 7-CDL, C1indamycin Hydrochloride

+ [44]

Target

50S subunit

Action

inhibitors

Mechanism

50S subunit inhibitors(50S ribosomal subunit inhibitors)

Therapeutic Areas

Infectious DiseasesMouth and Tooth DiseasesOtorhinolaryngologic Diseases+ [4]

Active Indication

Acute BronchitisLaryngitisNon-complicated skin and skin structure infection+ [18]

Inactive Indication

Malaria, Falciparum

Originator Organization-

Active Organization

Pfizer Japan, Inc.

Pfizer Inc.

Hubei Huazhong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.

Inactive Organization

Taro Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc.

Sanaria, Inc.

License Organization-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

(01 Oct 1969),

Acne VulgarisAnaerobic bacterial infectionGram-Positive Bacterial Infections+ [1]

Regulation-

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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC18H34Cl2N2O5S

InChIKeyAUODDLQVRAJAJM-XJQDNNTCSA-N

CAS Registry21462-39-5

This study will investigate in healthy study subjects, the safety and tolerability of a controlled infection with Clostridioides difficile, a gut bacterium that can cause diarrhoea. It is also examined which dosing regimen (with or without antibiotic pretreatment) is required to induce mild symptoms (like diarrhoea) in the majority of study subjects and which microbiota and immunological factors influence this.
To investigate this, healthy adult study subjects will be asked to ingest capsules (pills) containing the Clostridioides bacterium.

Start Date01 Mar 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Academisch Ziekenhuis Leiden

[+3]

NCT06841003

/ Not yet recruitingPhase 3

Laparoscopic Antibiotic Lavage to Prevent Intra-abdominal Abscess Formation in Complicated Appendicitis (ALPACA), a Multicenter Single-blinded RCT.

Appendicitis is one of the most common causes of acute surgical admission. Presently, two types of appendicitis are distinguished: complicated and uncomplicated (phlegmonous). Complicated appendicitis (CA) is defined as gangrenous and/or perforated appendicitis and/or appendicitis with an intra-abdominal or pelvic abscess. Laparoscopic appendectomy has become the preferential mode of surgical treatment. However, development of an intra-abdominal abscess (IAA) remains an important and clinically relevant complication following appendectomy, especially in complicated appendicitis. Although patients with complicated appendicitis receive postoperative intravenous antibiotics, the incidence of IAA remains considerable. The reported incidence of IAA in children and adults with CA is 7.9% - 24%. We recently reported an IAA rate of 12.3% after laparoscopic appendectomy for CA in our own institution. Patients with IAA are readmitted and treated with either antibiotics, image-guided percutaneous drainage, surgical reintervention, or a combination of these treatments. Furthermore, IAA represents a considerable burden for the healthcare system with high readmission rates and reinterventions, prolonged hospital stay, and therefore increased medical costs. Intra operative techniques aiming at more effective infection source control represent a clinically relevant area of investigation. Laparoscopic antibiotic lavage represents a promising concept in order to reduce intra-abdominal abscess formation. Antibiotic lavage is mainly known for the treatment of peritoneal dialysis associated peritonitis. Several studies show promising results of antibiotic peritoneal lavage on the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) including IAA in patients with CA. However, these studies were retrospective or conducted in a small number of patients who underwent an open appendectomy while high quality randomized controlled trials have not been performed yet.
The aim of the ALPACA study is to evaluate the effect of laparoscopic antibiotic peritoneal lavage with gentamicin / clindamycin for 3 minutes after appendectomy on the incidence of IAA in patients with CA.

Start Date01 Feb 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Stichting Spaarne Gasthuis

[+1]

100 Clinical Results associated with Clindamycin Hydrochloride

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100 Translational Medicine associated with Clindamycin Hydrochloride

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100 Patents (Medical) associated with Clindamycin Hydrochloride

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27,294

Literatures (Medical) associated with Clindamycin Hydrochloride

31 Dec 2025·Future Science OA

A phytotherapeutic approach to hinder the resistance against clindamycin by MRSA: in vitro and in silico studies

Article

Author: Al-Mamoori, Farah ; Mayyas, Amal ; Al-Karablieh, Nehaya ; Al-Samydai, Ali ; Zalloum, Waleed A ; Amr, Rula A. ; Carradori, Simone ; Al-Tawalbeh, Deniz ; Al-Halaseh, Lidia Kamal ; Al Nsairat, Hamdi ; Aburjai, Talal

AIMS:

This study investigates the potential effects of essential oils (EOs) in enhancing the efficacy of clindamycin against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) using in vitro and computer simulations. The research seeks to identify essential oils that exhibit synergistic activity with clindamycin and determine their potential key active components.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Essential oils commonly used in traditional medicine were tested for their antimicrobial activity against MRSA. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using in vitro microdilution assays. A synergistic test with clindamycin was performed, and molecular docking studies evaluated the interaction between a key compound (trans-cinnamaldehyde) and MRSA protein.

RESULTS:

EOs from Cinnamomum verum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis, and Thymus vulgaris demonstrated significant inhibitory and synergistic activities against MRSA, standard strain, and human clinical isolates. Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy identified trans-cinnamaldehyde, eucalyptol, and thymol as prominent antibacterial compounds. Molecular docking studies confirmed trans-cinnamaldehyde's strong binding to MRSA's AgrA protein, elucidating its enhanced efficacy.

CONCLUSION:

The study underscores the potential of plant-based therapies to augment the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics like clindamycin in combating MRSA and addressing antibiotic resistance by integrating traditional plant remedies with modern medical approaches.

31 Dec 2025·Emerging Microbes & Infections

Genomic islands and molecular mechanisms relating to drug-resistance in Clostridioides ( Clostridium ) difficile PCR ribotype 176

Article

Author: Soltesova, Anna ; Pituch, Hanna ; Kuijper, Ed ; Balikova Novotna, Gabriela ; Brajerova, Marie ; Prasad, Suhanya ; Zikova, Jaroslava ; Demay, Fanny ; Novakova, Elena ; Kovarovic, Vojtech ; Krutova, Marcela ; Smits, Wiep Klaas

OBJECTIVES:

To analyse characteristics of Clostridioides difficile PCR ribotype 176 clinical isolates from Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia with regard to the differences in its epidemiology.

METHODS:

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole genome sequencing were performed on a selected group of 22 clonally related isolates as determined by multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (n = 509). Heterologous expression and functional analysis of the newly identified methyltransferase were performed.

RESULTS:

Core genome multilocus sequence typing found 10-37 allele differences. All isolates were resistant to fluoroquinolones (gyrA_p. T82I), aminoglycosides with aac(6')-Ie-aph(2'')-Ia in six isolates. Erythromycin resistance was detected in 21/22 isolates and 15 were also resistant to clindamycin with ermB gene. Fourteen isolates were resistant to rifampicin with rpoB_p. R505K or p. R505K/H502N, and five to imipenem with pbp1_p. P491L and pbp3_p. N537K. PnimB^G together with nimB_p. L155I were detected in all isolates but only five were resistant to metronidazole on chocolate agar. The cfrE, vanZ1 and cat-like genes were not associated with linezolid, teicoplanin and chloramphenicol resistance, respectively. The genome comparison identified six transposons carrying antimicrobial resistance genes. The ermB gene was carried by new Tn7808, Tn6189 and Tn6218-like. The aac(6')-Ie-aph(2'')-Ia were carried by Tn6218-like and new Tn7806 together with cfrE gene. New Tn7807 carried a cat-like gene. Tn6110 and new Tn7806 contained an RlmN-type 23S rRNA methyltransferase, designated MrmA, associated with high-level macrolide resistance in isolates without ermB gene.

CONCLUSIONS:

Multidrug-resistant C. difficile PCR ribotype 176 isolates carry already described and unique transposons. A novel mechanism for erythromycin resistance in C. difficile was identified.

31 Dec 2025·Sustainable Environment

A review on the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria found in abattoir effluent from resource-limited settings: The necessity of a robust One Health framework

Author: Dinginya, Lawrance ; Jambwa, Prosper ; Majuru, Chenai Sipiwe ; Chari, Tawanda Ashley ; Machakwa, Jairus ; Gufe, Claudious ; Marowero, Sheunesu Theo ; Mahlangu, Precious ; Kadungure, Tafadzwa

A review.Abattoirs discharge untreated waste into surrounding bodies of water and the environment, which is extremely harmful to public health.Bacteria that cause disease, especially those resistant to antibiotics, may be present in these wastes.This review was carried out to provide a comprehensive overview of antibiotic-resistant microbes discovered in slaughterhouse wastes in resource-limited settings.Relevant research studies focussing on bacteria isolated from abattoir effluents in resource-limited settings and AMR patterns were searched on Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and African journals online.The studies showed that numerous bacteria were detected, such as Salmonella spp., Bacillus spp.,Shigella spp.,Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter freundii, Proteus spp.,Streptococcus spp.,Yersinia spp. and Staphylococcus aureus.Several of these isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics, including Penicillin, Vancomycin, Clindamycin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline, Ampicillin, Linezolid, Gentamycin, Ciprofloxacin, Ampicillin, Ceftriaxone, Imipenem, Cefotaxime, Chloramphenicol, Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, Piperacillin-Tazobactam, Ceftazidime, Imipenem, and Meropenem.Lack of proper waste management practices due to financial constraints is the major cause of a high prevalence of resistant bacterial strains in abattoir effluents in resource-limited settings.Given the critical role that the environment plays in the spread and maintenance of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, public health systems must strengthen One Health National Action plans applicable to abattoir effluents to successfully combat antibiotic resistance.

41

News (Medical) associated with Clindamycin Hydrochloride

08 Apr 2025

·www.drugs.com

Study Finds Sharp Rise in Dangerous Strep Infections

TUESDAY, April 8, 2025 -- Severe and possibly deadly strep infections are on the rise in the U.S., a study published Monday in Journal of the American Medical Association said. The rate of invasive group A strep infections more than doubled from 2013 to 2022, jumping from about 4 cases per 100,000 people to 8 per 100,000, NBC News reported. These infections happen when strep bacteria spread to normally germ-free parts of the body, such as the lungs or bloodstream. Unlike regular strep throat, this type can lead to dangerous conditions like necrotizing fasciitis (flesh-eating disease) or toxic shock syndrome. “Within 24 to 48 hours, you could have very, very rapid deterioration,” Dr. Victor Nizet , a professor of pediatrics at the University of California, San Diego, told NBC News . Cases can transition from "seeming like a routine flu-like illness to rushing the patient to the ICU, fearing for their recovery,” he added. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) tracked data from 10 states with about 35 million people. In 2013, there were 1,082 cases. By 2022, there were 2,759 cases. In all, more than 21,000 cases were recorded over the period, including nearly 2,000 deaths, NBC News said. “When you see this high number of deaths, extrapolate that across the country — we’re probably well into more than 10,000 deaths,” Nizet said. Dr. Christopher Gregory , a CDC researcher and co-author of the study, said invasive strep now poses a higher threat to both high-risk groups and the general population. The rise may be linked to several issues: For one, more people are living with diabetes or obesity, which weakens the immune system. There's also been a rise in infections among people who inject drugs or experience homelessness. In 2022, the rate of infection among homeless people was 807 per 100,000 — one of the highest ever recorded, NBC News said. Gregory said the rate was “among the highest ever documented worldwide.” Also, strep strains are changing. New strains seem to cause more skin infections, not just sore throats, and some are becoming resistant to antibiotics like macrolides and clindamycin . The infection rate was highest among adults 65 and older, and all adults saw increases. Surprisingly, though, the study didn’t find an overall increase in children, but doctors say they’re seeing more serious cases. “That was, to me, the most shocking part of the study,” said Dr. Allison Eckard , division chief for pediatric infectious diseases at the Medical University of South Carolina. “Because clinically, we really are seeing what feels like an increase." Eckard, who reviewed the findings, said doctors are seeing more severe and more unusual cases, as well as more necrotizing fasciitis. It all raises concern, she said, that and cases "there is something going on more nationally.” She and other experts say more research is needed to understand what’s causing the rise and whether strep strains are becoming more dangerous. They also say a vaccine is badly needed, but progress may be slow due to recent changes at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). “The lack of vaccine is devastating,” Nizet concluded. “Of course, we’re concerned about the turn of attitudes at the FDA and the CDC that seem to be putting some sticks in the spokes of the wheel of vaccine development.” Whatever your topic of interest, subscribe to our newsletters to get the best of Drugs.com in your inbox.

Vaccine

25 Mar 2025

·www.businesswire.com

Wisp Launches Groundbreaking Male BV Partner Treatment

NEW YORK--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Wisp, the largest pure play women's telehealth company in the U.S. focused on providing sexual and reproductive health solutions, now serving more than 1.4 million patients, today launched the first-ever Male BV Partner Treatment. This launch comes in response to new evidence supporting that bacterial vaginosis (BV) can be sexually transmitted. Wisp patients and their partners can now access this two part paired prescription regimen that, in recent findings, has shown to be effective in treating this infection. 1 in 3 women are affected by BV with 60 percent of BV cases recurring within a year. This may be due to the fact that male partners were not being tested nor treated for the infection, passing BV back and forth. Recent research in a peer-reviewed medical journal found that combined oral and topical antimicrobial therapy for male partners in addition to first-line treatment of women for BV resulted in a lower rate of recurrence of the infection within 12 weeks compared to standard antibiotic care delivered to females alone. “For too long, BV has been thought of as a women’s-only issue, leaving the sexual partner untreated and women stuck in a long, frustrating cycle of antibiotics," said Monica Cepak, Wisp CEO. “This decision to quickly act on new research reflects Wisp's commitment to advancing women’s health, improving access to treatment, and advocating for improved care outcomes. We will continue to monitor emerging data to ensure safe and effective treatment options are available to our patients.” Wisp’s treatment recommendation is for patients assigned male at birth, who are in an ongoing sexual relationship with a partner assigned female at birth, who is receiving prescription treatment or a confirmed current diagnosis for BV. Patients who have stated that they wish to receive treatment alongside their female partners to help positively impact treatment outcomes for their female partner with topical Clindamycin and oral Metronidazole are prescribed oral Metronidazole 500 milligrams twice daily for seven days along with Topical Clindamycin 2 percent cream 2.5 grams topically to the external penile skin twice daily for seven days. Both of these treatments should be taken together simultaneously for the full seven days. “At Wisp, we’re committed to advancing women's health by improving access to innovative treatment options. Emerging high-quality evidence shows that combining oral Metronidazole and topical Clindamycin for male partners may have a positive impact on limiting female bacterial vaginosis. We believe this proactive approach has the potential to improve outcomes for you and your partner,” said Dr. Jillian Lopiano, OBGYN & Chief Health Officer at Wisp. Consistently being the first to bring innovative solutions to market, Wisp has pioneered the launch of products like DoxyPEP in response to CDC recommendations in 2023 supporting the use of the ‘morning after pill’ to treat STIs. These quick reactions underscore Wisp’s commitment to serving patients with best-in-class treatments that are accessible and affordable. With BV being the provider’s largest category, Wisp continues to see massive demand for products that address this infection as the category continues to grow at high rates year-over-year. The company looks to expand offerings in this category, with plans to launch its diagnostics vertical later this year. ABOUT WISP: Wisp is the largest pure play women’s telehealth company in the U.S. focused on providing sexual and reproductive health solutions to its more than 1.4 million patients in all 50 states. Offering discreet treatments online with a comprehensive selection of first-to-market products and telehealth services, Wisp has solidified itself as the one-stop shop for all women’s health needs. Wisp is committed to making women’s healthcare more inclusive, cost-effective, and accessible for all, addressing all stages of her healthcare journey, from her birth control, to fertility, menopause, STI diagnostics, weight care and more. Wisp has been named Fast Company’s Most Innovative Companies of 2023 and Inc.’s Best in Business in 2024. Wisp is a growing and profitable company and is majority-owned by WELL Health Technologies Corp. To learn more, please visit hellowisp.com or follow @hellowisp on Facebook, Instagram, TikTok and YouTube.

10 Mar 2025

·www.drugs.com

Treating Male Partners Reduces Recurrence in Bacterial Vaginosis

MONDAY, March 10, 2025 -- Treating male partners in addition to women with bacterial vaginosis results in a lower rate of recurrence than treating only women, according to a study published in the March 6 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine . Lenka A. Vodstrcil, Ph.D., from the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre at Monash University in Australia, and colleagues conducted an open-label, randomized controlled trial involving monogamous heterosexual couples in which the woman had bacterial vaginosis. In the partner-treatment group, the woman received first-line recommended antimicrobial agents and the male partner received oral and topical antimicrobial treatment (metronidazole 400-mg tablets and 2 percent clindamycin cream applied to penile skin, both twice daily for seven days), while in the control group, the woman received first-line treatment and the male partner received no treatment. Eighty-one and 83 couples were assigned to the partner-treatment and control groups, respectively. After 150 couples had completed the 12-week follow-up period, the trial was stopped by the data and safety monitoring board because treatment of the woman only was inferior to treatment of both the woman and her male partner. The researchers found that recurrence occurred in 35 and 63 percent of women in the partner-treatment and control groups, respectively, in the modified intention-to-treat population (recurrence rate, 1.6 and 4.2 per person-year, respectively). Adverse events included nausea, headache, and metallic taste in treated men. "Our trial showed that treating male partners with a week of oral metronidazole and topical clindamycin, together with treatment of women, resulted in a lower rate of recurrence of bacterial vaginosis within 12 weeks than treatment of the woman alone," the authors write.

Clinical ResultPhase 3Qualified Infectious Disease ProductMicrobial therapy

100 Deals associated with Clindamycin Hydrochloride

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External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D02132	Clindamycin Hydrochloride	G01AA10 J01FF01 D10AF01	DB01190

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Acute Bronchitis	Japan	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	20 Nov 1970
Laryngitis	Japan	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	20 Nov 1970
Non-complicated skin and skin structure infection	Japan	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	20 Nov 1970
Otitis Media	Japan	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	20 Nov 1970
Pharyngitis	Japan	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	20 Nov 1970
Pneumonia	Japan	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	20 Nov 1970
Pyoderma	Japan	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	20 Nov 1970
Scarlet Fever	Japan	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	20 Nov 1970
Secondary infection	Japan	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	20 Nov 1970
Sinusitis	Japan	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	20 Nov 1970
Tonsillitis	Japan	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	20 Nov 1970
Abdominal Abscess	United States	Pfizer Inc.	22 Feb 1970
Complicated skin and soft tissue infection	United States	Pfizer Inc.	22 Feb 1970
Infectious Diseases	United States	Pfizer Inc.	22 Feb 1970
Intraabdominal Infections	United States	Pfizer Inc.	22 Feb 1970
Reproductive Tract Infections	United States	Pfizer Inc.	22 Feb 1970
Respiratory Tract Infections	United States	Pfizer Inc.	22 Feb 1970
Acne Vulgaris	-	-	01 Oct 1969
Anaerobic bacterial infection	-	-	01 Oct 1969
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections	-	-	01 Oct 1969

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Malaria, Falciparum	Phase 1	Gabon	Sanaria, Inc.	01 Jul 2014

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Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT03615768 (CACTUS, Pubmed) Manual	Phase 3	Acne Vulgaris	1,617	Adapalene-clindamycin gel	evetiykyic(szlavnrbww) = ianqzjifwk mglpxfbszl (phmgywqmrd ) View more	Positive	01 Nov 2024
				Adapalene gel	evetiykyic(szlavnrbww) = llnpfsvouf mglpxfbszl (phmgywqmrd ) View more
NCT03261830 (Therapeutic Level I, CTgov)	Phase 4	Surgical Wound Infection \| Humeral Fractures	160	Cefazolin+Clindamycin (Pre-operative Antibiotics)	xjcgtnrkqy = tavdgknuup jedbeqatge (jwcwrbvjkh, xjwbguffvr - glcigvzuvh) View more	-	09 Aug 2024
				Saline (Saline Placebo)	xjcgtnrkqy = ozlfxyjruk jedbeqatge (jwcwrbvjkh, bcmrurvlja - mnwcavarll) View more
AAAAI2024	Not Applicable	Dermatitis, Atopic	-	antistaphylococcal drugs (Group 1 (positive initial BC for S.aureus))	yiktmmppor(tnbihavzkq) = iwbigmeyeq asubsqjiav (nyixetzcfe ) View more	-	23 Feb 2024
				antistaphylococcal drugs (Group 2 (negative BC for S.aureus))	yiktmmppor(tnbihavzkq) = cweeowtihe asubsqjiav (nyixetzcfe ) View more
NCT03945357 (RINSE, CTgov)	Phase 3	Hernia, Ventral \| Infectious Diseases	250	Normal saline (Saline Irrigation)	wjxtdzylfu = fkmeclrlza ukqjnxgfhr (vjowkybmtn, coxovayodr - ydgcoyxell) View more	-	24 Aug 2023
				Gemcitabine+clindamycin (Antibiotic Irrigation)	wjxtdzylfu = vpqgwugbix ukqjnxgfhr (vjowkybmtn, kymsqgailv - zspcrrcjhs) View more
NCT02579161 (CTgov)	Phase 3	Kidney Calculi	98	Fluoroquinolones+cephalosporins+Gentamicin+Ampicillin+Clindamycin (Antibiotics for a 24 Hour Period)	csiiuyxmsh = llugxriwbc fdntgjgmkd (fnyijowizq, zbwcqncqdg - cmttgxjxcc) View more	-	14 Mar 2023
				Fluoroquinolones+cephalosporins+Gentamicin+Ampicillin+Clindamycin (Continued Antibiotics)	csiiuyxmsh = ltyoznvbrl fdntgjgmkd (fnyijowizq, fzcqldrmqj - sishdjcqqi) View more
ARVO2022	Not Applicable	Toxoplasmosis First line	19	Intravitreal Clindamycin	gelxprrwiu(unfpeetovs) = inwimriqem vzaugygljo (liutczkgma ) View more	-	01 May 2022
NCT03478163 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Postpartum Hemorrhage \| Endometritis	11	antibiotics (Control)	vqesydcmmi = lczvparcrj aruvpyyzrb (mcahylzdvk, zerybmfbty - wgmfaeimoc) View more	-	07 Oct 2021
				CeFAZolin 1000 MG+Clindamycin 900 MG in 6 ML Injection (Antibiotics)	vqesydcmmi = tmlbxakrjt aruvpyyzrb (mcahylzdvk, zvvzdvremh - xvrbbwjmsl) View more
AAAAI2021	Not Applicable	-	9	Direct Antibiotic Challenges (Telehealth A&I consultation)	klmihetrfl(lhxyxgwtxm) = ktcspzgosw vkzedkntkx (yotyihittz )	Positive	01 Feb 2021
NCT02730962 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Metabolic Syndrome \| Prediabetic State	12	Fecal Microbiota Transplantation+Neomycin+Clindamycin+Vancomycin (Antibiotics Prior to FMT)	khomresdoc(vassktdbvz) = ypeyeqknbs msbokneusj (lwgrbztcan, 0.5) View more	-	20 Nov 2020
				Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (Placebo Prior to FMT)	khomresdoc(vassktdbvz) = lacahvydsl msbokneusj (lwgrbztcan, 0.5) View more
NCT02515305 (CTgov)	Phase 3	Acne Vulgaris	890	Clindamycin+Benzoyl Peroxide Gel (combination) (Test Product)	yqhwyeefjk(pojecljjfu) = dimaaixfqh tplybwmshq (czmahomlbb, 29.823) View more	-	16 Nov 2020
				Clindamycin+Benzoyl Peroxide Gel (Reference) (combination) (Reference Product)	yqhwyeefjk(pojecljjfu) = mexzhiqbdt tplybwmshq (czmahomlbb, 26.926) View more