SummaryTopiramate, marketed under the trade name Topamax ®, is an anticonvulsant drug that was first approved in 1995 in the UK by Janssen Services. Its mechanism of action involves acting as a GABAAR agonist. It is primarily indicated for the treatment of epilepsy and has also been approved for the prophylaxis and treatment of migraines. Topiramate works by stabilizing electrical activity in the brain, making it less likely for seizures to occur. It has been found to be effective in reducing the frequency and severity of seizures in patients with epilepsy and also in reducing the frequency of migraines. Topiramate is available in tablet form and is usually taken orally once or twice daily, as directed by a healthcare provider. |
Drug Type Small molecule drug |
Synonyms 2,3:4,5-bis-O-(1-methylethylidene)-β-D-fructopyranose sulfamate, 2,3:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene-β-D-fructopyranose sulfamate, Topiramate (JAN/USP/INN) + [18] |
Mechanism AMPA receptor antagonists(Glutamate receptor ionotropic AMPA antagonists), CAs inhibitors(Carbonic anhydrases inhibitors), GABAA receptor agonists(Gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor agonists) |
Therapeutic Areas |
Active Indication |
Inactive Indication |
Originator Organization |
Active Organization |
Drug Highest PhaseApproved |
First Approval Date US (24 Dec 1996), |
RegulationOrphan Drug (US) |
Molecular FormulaC12H21NO8S |
InChIKeyKJADKKWYZYXHBB-XBWDGYHZSA-N |
CAS Registry97240-79-4 |
Indication | Country/Location | Organization | Date |
---|---|---|---|
Epilepsy | JP | 31 Jul 2007 | |
Migraine Disorders | US | 11 Aug 2004 | |
Lennox Gastaut Syndrome | US | 28 Aug 2001 | |
Epilepsies, Partial | US | 24 Dec 1996 | |
Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic | US | 24 Dec 1996 |
Indication | Highest Phase | Country/Location | Organization | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gambling | Phase 3 | US | 01 Oct 2005 | |
Smoking Cessation | Phase 3 | US | 22 Sep 2005 | |
Binge-Eating Disorder | Phase 3 | - | 01 Nov 2003 | |
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder | Phase 3 | US | 01 Jan 2003 | |
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic | Phase 3 | US | 01 Sep 2002 | |
Neurocognitive Disorders | Phase 3 | - | 01 Jan 2002 | |
Bipolar Disorder | Phase 3 | - | 01 Oct 2001 | |
Essential Tremor | Phase 3 | - | 01 Oct 2001 | |
Tremor | Phase 3 | - | 01 Oct 2001 | |
Hypertriglyceridemia | Phase 3 | - | 01 May 2001 |
Phase 1/2 | 34 | Placebo (Placebo) | wgcshyfcbr(holpquznku) = xasdmczhcw xdjkjwgnvg (qlkgwxdsiw, hlgsmakhsx - jmdsnvkqsq) View more | - | 11 Jun 2024 | ||
(Topiramate) | wgcshyfcbr(holpquznku) = vtpftpsnmq xdjkjwgnvg (qlkgwxdsiw, iivcigfktj - fhkezvvirt) View more | ||||||
Early Phase 1 | - | 34 | (Topiramate) | xpyvyhhucs(cboijiygcd) = zatuvxubiq ruljtakybm (zhwgvsowsn, zzqxozsgto - jhhccxpukk) View more | - | 19 Apr 2024 | |
(Placebo) | xpyvyhhucs(cboijiygcd) = ehjitclnvv ruljtakybm (zhwgvsowsn, qdonocadqs - atwdwjeklp) View more | ||||||
Phase 2/3 | 100 | (Prolonged Exposure + Topiramate) | ljuqwkqznt(deksajxuwc) = kuvoittmjb ajgyulqqfw (mosbbpyeyz, unjahctfvt - gaeafppzul) View more | - | 18 Nov 2023 | ||
placebo+prolonged exposure (Prolonged Exposure + Placebo) | ljuqwkqznt(deksajxuwc) = geqxxgxutq ajgyulqqfw (mosbbpyeyz, tnqncgmksr - rihmeyasaa) View more | ||||||
Phase 2 | 132 | Placebo (Placebo) | lqcuacrydj(nrirvtlvck) = qurfgmcldq gxyihwfddb (gbkvxlxqck, rjocfknsif - yyublpeadx) View more | - | 14 Nov 2023 | ||
(Topiramate) | lqcuacrydj(nrirvtlvck) = psdeiqnxgi gxyihwfddb (gbkvxlxqck, fsicqnuoum - laddbckgad) View more | ||||||
Not Applicable | 396 | aoizdzezet(ezaqptynom) = vxxomykffa gdtgdewkyj (dnflgtcwqs, 117.7) View more | Positive | 01 Sep 2023 | |||
Topiramate polypharmacy | uiihugdzha(chxrkspnxq) = xoguvetnlj jmtiirikqa (nyposkkggb, 1.1) | ||||||
Phase 4 | 79 | placebo (Placebo) | xchrbbcbxh(uadmqkevsd) = xlcxersxlf qadmrwfzaz (isurfvezbo, ghuglvyidm - lvulucedlu) View more | - | 23 Mar 2023 | ||
(Topiramate) | xchrbbcbxh(uadmqkevsd) = dgakloppap qadmrwfzaz (isurfvezbo, kpyecxuctv - dwcjncwsmg) View more | ||||||
Phase 1 | 48 | lbfbnhgxvf(nbqmxcckxx) = igulkasjfm cgnngcqyzl (ohpcjsucqb, dexrcqqgdy - jzikgkmqyb) View more | - | 13 Jul 2022 | |||
Phase 4 | 151 | Medical Management+Topiramate (Topiramate) | yrtyjfojre(uwxwrvejdh) = qimsepndxp esonyaqbot (jugqcwqvnt, bshmxdsluo - ctsgrgfvaf) View more | - | 21 Jun 2021 | ||
placebo (Placebo) | yrtyjfojre(uwxwrvejdh) = lmlmvvnqzf esonyaqbot (jugqcwqvnt, nilzcyxibl - ktgveiovnm) View more | ||||||
Phase 2 | 136 | (Metformin) | bpdtivfcav(ftxiaceqnc) = zssxhqchzm yaigkrobus (dwuiwkpgjh, kqyoamkyeb - orwuinoxrb) View more | - | 09 Jun 2021 | ||
bpdtivfcav(ftxiaceqnc) = zcemsqnphy yaigkrobus (dwuiwkpgjh, snpsxbisrz - vsxfqskwvr) View more | |||||||
Phase 3 | 63 | (Topiramate) | vjwqbkbryu(ibndeyopgs) = ngiqlrbwlj nnsggwynvt (ejjqabjfth, tqnkvbtirp - uueronaktb) View more | - | 17 May 2021 | ||
(Levetiracetam) | vjwqbkbryu(ibndeyopgs) = dpnsmsbaxy nnsggwynvt (ejjqabjfth, wxovmoditt - wnbshyjjoo) View more |