Oligonucleotides (ONs) are a class of drugs composed of single or double strands of oligonucleotides synthesized by artificial chemistry.

Growth factors represent a class of polypeptides that regulate cell growth and various other cellular functions through binding with specific, high-affinity cell membrane receptors.

Toxoid Vaccine is essentially a bacterial toxin that is rendered harmless due to processing.

Chemokines, also known as chemotactic cytokines, are a group of factors that, in conjunction with their cell surface receptors, induce the directed migration of leukocytes.

Aptamers are short nucleotide sequences, typically DNA or RNA of 20 to 100 nucleotides.

Due to the small molecular weight and gene specificity of saRNA, it can be used to enhance the expression of specific proteins (products of tumor suppressor gene or haploinsufficient genes).

The research group of Wang Shaomeng recently published a paper in JMC, reporting the discovery of ARD-1676 and characterizing its preclinical properties.

Relay Therapeutics is a well-known drug discovery company in recent years, characterized by computational chemistry, with three drugs in its pipeline all from D.E. Shaw.

Interferon (IFN) is a type of crucial cytokine, capable of directly participating in the antiviral immune response of epithelial cells, mediating the natural immune response to induce the expression of Interferon Stimulated Genes (ISG), hence, swiftly establishing the body's natural immune defense line against viral infections.

Research on tumor immune evasion and tolerance mediated by exosomes has found that tumor cells can produce a large amount of exosomes.

Arvinas is currently conducting preclinical studies on protein degradation for neurodegenerative diseases.

A recent study published in journal Aging has shed light on the potential anti-aging effects of zoledronic acid, a commonly prescribed bisphosphonate.