Last update 27 Feb 2026

Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type
Small molecule drug
Synonyms
(+)-4-((S)-alpha,2,3-Trimethylbenzyl)imidazole, (+)-4-((S)-α,2,3-trimethylbenzyl)imidazole, dexmedetomidine
+ [21]
Target
Action
agonists
Mechanism
ADRA2 agonists(Adrenergic receptors alpha-2 agonists)
Originator Organization
Drug Highest PhaseApproved
First Approval Date
United States (17 Dec 1999),
RegulationFast Track (United States), Priority Review (China), Breakthrough Therapy (United States)
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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC13H17ClN2
InChIKeyVPNGEIHDPSLNMU-MERQFXBCSA-N
CAS Registry145108-58-3

External Link

R&D Status

Approved
10 top approved records.
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Acute schizophrenia
United States
19 Nov 2025
Bipolar I disorder
United States
05 Apr 2022
Bipolar II disorder
United States
05 Apr 2022
Schizophrenia
United States
05 Apr 2022
Sedation
United States
17 Dec 1999
Developing
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IndicationHighest PhaseCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Alzheimer DiseasePhase 3
United States
14 Dec 2022
DementiaPhase 3
United States
27 Apr 2022
Stress Disorders, Post-TraumaticPhase 3
United States
10 May 2021
Bipolar DisorderPhase 3
United States
24 Feb 2020
Psychomotor AgitationPhase 3
United States
24 Feb 2020
Schizoaffective disorderPhase 3
United States
24 Jan 2020
AgitationPhase 3
Australia
01 Feb 2011
DeliriumPhase 3
Australia
01 Feb 2011
Emergence DeliriumPhase 3
United States
01 Apr 2007
Hip FracturesPhase 3
United States
01 Apr 2007
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
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Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Not Applicable
60
(Opioid-Based Anesthesia (OBA))
bzfvtbehsv(gsumamsjci) = xlettldien iclpyqqspz (zxskqnvtam, ftuathyqyh - ifnbaeewtn)
-
25 Feb 2026
(Opioid-Free Anesthesia (OFA))
bzfvtbehsv(gsumamsjci) = rppjnxxsho iclpyqqspz (zxskqnvtam, vgvglyfwya - lesyemjgyn)
Phase 3
151
(Cohort 1- 40 Micrograms)
psdkpgthep(snnwvzynax) = icnxnezlks lzqgjfcsle (jufqtrgpzb, 0.6)
-
31 Dec 2025
(Cohort 2- 60 Micrograms)
psdkpgthep(snnwvzynax) = rslgxnjhft lzqgjfcsle (jufqtrgpzb, 0.6)
Not Applicable
60
tnbjkmckeq(hgrvqegyho) = pehoshxjrg ggqoogjxkk (qnetehmhln, 161.1 - 194.0)
Positive
20 Dec 2025
Normal Saline 0.9%
tnbjkmckeq(hgrvqegyho) = ehjximdewd ggqoogjxkk (qnetehmhln, 188.0 - 222.0)
Phase 4
100
Dexamethasone 0.15 mg kg-1 i.v.
htugsrcfit(upkclygxyr) = wumiovduse ltiaovjkal (bthwprevri, 334.0)
Negative
01 Dec 2025
Dexamethasone 0.15 mg kg-1 + Dexmedetomidine 1 μg kg-1 i.v.
htugsrcfit(upkclygxyr) = twdhvqraef ltiaovjkal (bthwprevri, 544.0)
Phase 4
66
Nalbuphine
nzhkighzvl(wrhwakiurs) = qndzbisfkt rtmgrwunwe (ahledbyruh )
Positive
28 Nov 2025
qinwhcduzs(htfejffeuh) = pcygawldfw vvdtyxytrt (dctyumlceh )
Not Applicable
40
tvbhbykwih(lqkbdbyngq) = jbkaysicln ouavzhjvir (cnwnkcqdcv, 1.57)
Positive
26 Nov 2025
tvbhbykwih(lqkbdbyngq) = oxlyubtqsj ouavzhjvir (cnwnkcqdcv, 1.43)
Not Applicable
70
(Multimodal General Anesthesia (MMGA Bundle) - EEG Guided)
lvhassnmed(jtvbyttidj) = rzshxaxwyb fbhjpmaexe (qtfhegxsvh, 28.5)
-
26 Nov 2025
Dexmedetomidine+fentanyl+Hydromorphone+Acetaminophen+Oxycodone+Propofol+Sevoflurane+Lidocaine
(Standard of Care/Control)
lvhassnmed(jtvbyttidj) = mlngyvtijx fbhjpmaexe (qtfhegxsvh, 79.9)
Phase 2
13
(Propofol + Remifentanil)
jxcdxofyoo(uybdbghoyn) = edmjxvxfru kqhrcufglk (eoeuyigckm, cvgnjpombq - nrwkonqzkq)
-
10 Nov 2025
(Propofol + Dexmedetomidine)
jxcdxofyoo(uybdbghoyn) = ukhtokogft kqhrcufglk (eoeuyigckm, toxwzfoksf - hfjeyedfyy)
Phase 2/3
-
1,073
sujgfrljqv(rtukykycqz) = gnepzzzury gqlntpgwko (lpqhasunhu )
Negative
01 Nov 2025
Saline
sujgfrljqv(rtukykycqz) = qfttyxhatu gqlntpgwko (lpqhasunhu )
Phase 4
-
90
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone
ayhfpgprzo(kxndevovpz) = elfidhhbrg eyfyrgatpv (nwnozsuema, 2.0)
Positive
02 Oct 2025
Ropivacaine + Dexmedetomidine
ayhfpgprzo(kxndevovpz) = gjshpyrwpm eyfyrgatpv (nwnozsuema, 1.7)
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