Last update 22 Jun 2024

Propofol

Last update 22 Jun 2024

Overview

R&D Status

Clinical Result

Translational Medicine

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryPropofol, an agonist of the GABAA receptor, is a small molecule drug primarily used for anesthesia. Originating from AstraZeneca, propofol gained approval for use in October 1989. Due to its quick onset and short duration of action, propofol has become a popular sedative-hypnotic agent for both induction and maintenance of anesthesia. In addition to its anesthetic properties, propofol has been found to have antiemetic properties and can be used as an adjunct therapy for postoperative nausea and vomiting. While propofol offers therapeutic benefits, it also has a potential for misuse and abuse due to its ability to induce deep sedation or unconsciousness at high doses. Despite its established uses, the precise mechanism of action of propofol is not yet fully understood, and further research is needed to elucidate its pharmacology.

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

Profofol, Propofol Medium and Long Chain Fat Emulsion, 丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳

+ [20]

Target

GABAA receptor

Mechanism

GABAA receptor agonists(Gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor agonists)

Therapeutic Areas

Other Diseases

Active Indication

Anesthesia

Inactive Indication-

Originator Organization

Fresenius Kabi USA LLC

Active Organization

Xi'an Libang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.

Fresenius Kabi USA LLCSandoz AG

Inactive Organization

Beijing Sciecure Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry

Liaoning Haisco Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

+ [2]

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

US (02 Oct 1989),

Anesthesia

RegulationEmergency Use Authorization (US)

Structure

Molecular FormulaC12H18O

InChIKeyOLBCVFGFOZPWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS Registry2078-54-8

1,850

Clinical Trials associated with Propofol

IRCT20190813044521N1 / SuspendedNot ApplicableIIT

The effect of the Bispectral Index (BIS) during induction of anesthesia on the amount of propofol in patients undergoing various surgical procedures.

Start Date22 Dec 2640

Sponsor / Collaborator-

NCT04291521 / Not yet recruitingNot ApplicableIIT

Prospective Study of Induction Medications Used in the Rapid Sequence Intubation of Trauma Patients and a Comparison of Effects on Outcomes

To compare the outcomes of the use of propofol, etomidate, and ketamine as induction agents for adult trauma patients undergoing intubation within 24 hours of admission. The primary goal is to determine the ideal agent that should be used in this patient population for intubations.

Start Date01 Jan 2026

Sponsor / Collaborator

University of Southern California

[+4]

NCT06427707 / Not yet recruitingPhase 2/3IIT

The Effect of Adding Either Propofol or Ketamine to Magnesium and Lidocaine Infusions as An Opioid Free Anaesthesia on Surgical Field in Patients Undergoing Nasal Surgeries. A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nasal surgeries are common day case procedures. Although surgical complications are rare, bleeding decreases surgical field visibility and may cause vascular, orbital or intracranial complications in addition to failure of procedure. So, it is crucial to maintain hypotensive anaesthesia to optimize the surgical field.

Start Date15 Jun 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator

Ain Shams University

100 Clinical Results associated with Propofol

100 Translational Medicine associated with Propofol

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Propofol

24,195

Literatures (Medical) associated with Propofol

01 May 2024·Journal of clinical anesthesia

Effect of remimazolam vs propofol on emergence from general anesthesia in patients undergoing cerebral endovascular procedures: A randomized controlled, non-inferiority trial

Article

Author: Liu, Wei ; Dong, Hailong ; Wang, Xiaohui ; Zhang, Junbao ; Bai, Xiaoguang ; Jiang, Xiaofan ; Li, Hui ; Zhang, Jiuxiang ; Lu, Zhihong ; Zhu, Fei ; Wang, Yunying ; Zhang, Haopeng ; Guo, Qingdong

STUDY OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to compare the time to emergence from general anesthesia with remimazolam versus propofol in patients undergoing cerebral endovascular procedures.

DESIGN:

A prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled, non-inferiority trial.

SETTING:

An academic hospital.

PATIENTS:

Adult patients scheduled for cerebral endovascular procedures.

INTERVENTIONS:

Patients were randomized at a 1:1 ratio to undergo surgery under general anesthesia with remimazolam (0.1 mg kg^-1 for induction and 0.3-0.7 mg kg^-1 h^-1 for maintenance) or propofol (1-1.5 mg kg^-1 for induction and 4-10 mg kg^-1 h^-1 for maintenance).

MEASUREMENTS:

The primary outcome was the time to emergence from anesthesia. The non-inferiority margin was -2.55 min in group difference. Major secondary outcomes included hypotension during induction, incidence of postoperative delirium and Modified Rankin Scale (mRs) at 30 days and 90 days after surgery.

MAIN RESULTS:

Of the 142 randomized patients, 129 completed the trial. In the modified intention-to-treat analysis, the mean time to emergence from anesthesia was 16.1 [10.4] min in the remimazolam group vs. 19.0 [11.2] min in the propofol group. The group difference was -2.9 min [95% CI -6.5, 0.7] (P = 0.003 for non-inferiority). The remimazolam group had lower rate of hypotension during induction (11.3% vs 25.4%, P = 0.03) and use of vasopressors during surgery (29.6% vs 62.0%, P < 0.001). The two groups did not differ in postoperative delirium and mRs at 30 and 90 days after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS:

In patients undergoing cerebral endovascular procedures, remimazolam did not increase the time from anesthesia vs propofol.

01 May 2024·Microvascular research

Sedation with propofol and isoflurane differs in terms of microcirculatory parameters: A randomized animal study using dorsal skinfold chamber mouse model

Article

Author: Kwon, Jae-Young ; Cho, Ah-Reum ; Kim, Eunsoo ; Lee, Hyeon Jeong ; Kim, Haekyu ; Kang, Christine

OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to explore the effects of sedative doses of propofol and isoflurane on microcirculation in septic mice compared to controls. Isoflurane, known for its potential as a sedation drug in bedside applications, lacks clarity regarding its impact on the microcirculation system. The hypothesis was that propofol would exert a more pronounced influence on the microvascular flow index, particularly amplified in septic conditions.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Randomized study was conducted from December 2020 to October 2021 involved 60 BALB/c mice, with 52 mice analyzed. Dorsal skinfold chambers were implanted, followed by intraperitoneal injections of either sterile 0.9 % saline or lipopolysaccharide for the control and sepsis groups, respectively. Both groups received propofol or isoflurane treatment for 120 min. Microcirculatory parameters were obtained via incident dark-field microscopy videos, along with the mean blood pressure and heart rate at three time points: before sedation (T0), 30 min after sedation (T30), and 120 min after sedation (T120). Endothelial glycocalyx thickness and syndecan-1 concentration were also analyzed.

RESULTS:

In healthy controls, both anesthetics reduced blood pressure. However, propofol maintained microvascular flow, differing significantly from isoflurane at T120 (propofol, 2.8 ± 0.3 vs. isoflurane, 1.6 ± 0.9; P < 0.001). In the sepsis group, a similar pattern occurred at T120 without statistical significance (propofol, 1.8 ± 1.1 vs. isoflurane, 1.2 ± 0.7; P = 0.023). Syndecan-1 levels did not differ between agents, but glycocalyx thickness index was significantly lower in the isoflurane-sepsis group than propofol (P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Propofol potentially offers protective action against microvascular flow deterioration compared to isoflurane, observed in control mice. Furthermore, a lower degree of sepsis-induced glycocalyx degradation was evident with propofol compared to isoflurane.

01 Apr 2024·CNS & neurological disorders drug targets

Anaesthesia-induced Changes in Genomic Expression Leading to Neurodegeneration

Review

Author: Al-Abbasi, Fahad A ; Almalki, Waleed Hassan ; Kazmi, Imran ; Altamimi, Abdulmalik Saleh Alfawaz ; Gupta, Gaurav ; Afzal, Obaid ; Najmi, Asim ; Alharbi, Khalid Saad ; Alzarea, Sami I ; Albratty, Mohammed

Abstract::

General anaesthetics (GA) have been in continuous clinical use for more than 170 years, with millions of young and elderly populations exposed to GA to relieve perioperative discomfort and carry out invasive examinations. Preclinical studies have shown that neonatal rodents with acute and chronic exposure to GA suffer from memory and learning deficits, likely due to an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, which has been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the mechanisms behind anaesthesia-induced alterations in late postnatal mice have yet to be established. In this narrative review, we present the current state of knowledge on early life anaesthesia exposure-mediated alterations of genetic expression, focusing on insights gathered on propofol, ketamine, and isoflurane, as well as the relationship between network effects and subsequent biochemical changes that lead to long-term neurocognitive abnormalities. Our review provides strong evidence and a clear picture of anaesthetic agents' pathological events and associated transcriptional changes, which will provide new insights for researchers to elucidate the core ideas and gain an in-depth understanding of molecular and genetic mechanisms. These findings are also helpful in generating more evidence for understanding the exacerbated neuropathology, impaired cognition, and LTP due to acute and chronic exposure to anaesthetics, which will be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of many diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Given the many procedures in medical practice that require continuous or multiple exposures to anaesthetics, our review will provide great insight into the possible adverse impact of these substances on the human brain and cognition.

News (Medical) associated with Propofol

20 Jun 2024

·www.globenewswire.com

API and the University of Alberta Break Ground in Edmonton on Canada’s Largest Manufacturing Facility for Critical Medicines

EDMONTON, Alberta, June 20, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Construction is set to begin on a crucial pharmaceutical manufacturing facility in the Edmonton Research Park that will provide Canadians with access to a stable supply of high-demand, critical drugs at the most difficult of times. A result of a collaboration between Applied Pharmaceutical Innovation (API) and the University of Alberta’s Li Ka Shing Applied Virology Institute, the Critical Medicines Production Centre (CMPC) is the cornerstone of the $200 million Canadian Critical Drug Initiative (CCDI) — a strategy devised in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic to secure supply chain resilience and solidify Alberta’s and Canada’s position as a pharmaceutical leader. Officially unveiled at today’s groundbreaking ceremony, the 83,000+ square-foot facility will be unique in Canada with its ability to produce more than 70 million doses of a product a year and a critical sprint capacity to fill the needs of Canada in under 100 days. Benefits include improved patient access to needed medicines, enhanced hospital operations, and the addition of much-needed capacity to produce and manufacture therapeutic drugs here at home. One of the first products of the facility, Propofol, is a critical hospital drug. Shortages of Propofol can lead to surgery cancellations and delays. With support from all orders of government, CCDI is a significant contributor to Alberta’s burgeoning biomanufacturing and life sciences sector, creating more than 350 jobs in Alberta and notable additional employment in spin-off industries. Investment includes $80.5 million in federal funding through PrairiesCan, $17.6 million from the Government of Alberta, and City of Edmonton approval of the lease required to build the CMPC in the Edmonton Research Park. Construction for the CMPC is set to be completed by 2026. See renderings courtesy of START Architecture and CRB Consulting Engineers, Inc. here. For media inquiries, contact: Tessa VriendDirector, Engagement & Brand, API780-674-7199tessa.vriend@appliedpharma.caMichael BrownMedia Strategist, University of Alberta780-977-1411 michael.brown@ualberta.ca Quotes“The Critical Medicines Production Centre will be a game changer for the Prairies and all of Canada in producing critical, life-saving medicines. Our government is proud to partner with all levels of government, industry, and academia as we take this major step towards bringing new bio-manufacturing capacity to the province, creating high-value jobs for Albertans, and improving healthcare for everyone.” - The Honourable Dan Vandal, Minister for PrairiesCan “Alberta is a leader in life science research and technology commercialization. Our investment in API will accelerate the development of new, groundbreaking medical technologies and strengthen Alberta's healthcare system.” - Honourable Nate Glubish, Minister of Technology and Innovation, Government of Alberta "This groundbreaking marks a significant milestone for our city and region. Growing and diversifying Edmonton's economy is a priority for City Council, so we're thrilled that API and the University of Alberta are establishing the Critical Medicines Production Centre right here in the Edmonton Research Park. This project will result in strong jobs in R&D, and pharmaceutical manufacturing for Edmontonians today and in the future, and will help attract new talent to our burgeoning life sciences industry." - Councillor Keren Tang, Ward Karhiio, City of Edmonton “The Critical Medicines Production Centre will enable Alberta to produce a wide range of high-demand medicines. And it will do so much more than that – it will accelerate health innovation in the province, helping to further diversify Alberta’s economy, creating new jobs and opportunities for investment, and reducing barriers to commercialization and talent attraction.” - Aminah Robinson Fayek, Vice-President (Research and Innovation), University of Alberta “The CMPC will catalyze the expansion of the life sciences industry and fortify Canada's readiness against present and future pandemics as well as other threats that impact the global medicine supply chain. Additionally, it will drive the research and development of medications targeting prevalent diseases lacking preventive measures. Through these efforts, we aim to safeguard and enhance lives globally.” - Sir Michael Houghton, Director, Li Ka Shing Applied Virology Institute, University of Alberta and Chief Scientific Officer, Applied Pharmaceutical Innovation “Alberta can and should be a leader in discovering and manufacturing the critical medicines that will save and improve lives. The CMPC and the broader CCDI are tremendous steps forward towards building this role. This initiative will create potentially thousands of jobs in the life sciences sector, delivering substantial benefits to Canada's life sciences ecosystem by attracting investment, fostering job creation, and retaining intellectual property and talent within the country. More importantly, it will provide access to life saving treatments when we need them most.” - Andrew Maclsaac, Chief Executive Officer, Applied Pharmaceutical Innovation A photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/0a643e63-d43c-417d-94f7-b2d23f209949

29 May 2024

·www.prnewswire.com

Sedana Medical completes patient recruitment for its clinical program in the US

STOCKHOLM, May 29, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Sedana Medical AB (publ) announces that all 235 randomized patients have been recruited for its INSPiRE-ICU 2 phase III clinical trial in the United States. Earlier this spring, Sedana Medical reported the completion of enrolment to the parallel phase III clinical trial INSPiRE-ICU 1. The company anticipates topline results from both trials in the second half of 2024, with a planned New Drug Application (NDA) submission in the first quarter of 2025. "The completion of INSPiRE-ICU 2 concludes Sedana Medical´s clinical trials in the United States. Running this study together with esteemed clinical investigators from highly ranked academic centers such as Columbia, the Harvard-affiliated medical center Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and many others has been very exciting and rewarding. Many investigators from the participating sites have been excited to be part of our pioneering studies. The bedside experience in the studies has generated a lot of interest in using inhaled sedation in US practice, which we hope will be possible soon," said Peter Sackey, Chief Medical Officer of Sedana Medical. Peter Sackey further elaborated: "We now enter into an intense phase of final monitoring, data cleaning and transfer to our statistician team for analysis. In parallel, the long-term outcomes at 3 and 6 months are being collected centrally by the Critical Illness, Brain Dysfunction, and Survivorship team at Vanderbilt Medical Center. With this parallel approach, we expect topline results for the 30-day outcomes in both studies a few months´ apart before the end of this year, and a swift regulatory submission in Q1, 2025." "The inhaled sedative isoflurane, studied in this trial, is a mainstay of general anesthesia during surgery because of its unique and straightforward pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile, properties that may potentially also benefit ICU patients. We are very excited to complete enrolment in this trial and eagerly await results evaluating its potential use as a sedative for ventilator-dependent adult ICU patients in the US," said Jeremy Beitler, MD, MPH at Columbia University and Senior Lead Investigator for the INSPiRE-ICU 2 study. Johannes Doll, President and CEO of Sedana Medical, stated: "Completing enrolment of our clinical program marks an important milestone on our journey towards making inhaled sedation accessible to intensive care patients in the United States. I would like to sincerely thank all our clinical trial sites, partners, and the Sedana Medical team for this significant achievement. It makes me very proud that we have been able to convene this exceptional group of intensive care teams from some of the most prominent US hospitals. Their advice and support will be invaluable as we work towards launching our inhaled therapy on the US market." INSPiRE-ICU 1 and 2 are two identical randomized phase III trials, aiming to confirm the efficacy and safety for sedation with isoflurane delivered via Sedana Medical's unique medical device Sedaconda ACD. The primary endpoint is the proportion of time spent at adequate depth of sedation, compared with intravenous sedation using propofol. In addition, several important secondary endpoints are being studied, including opioid use, time to wake-up, cognitive recovery and spontaneous breathing. The first patient was included in April 2022, and 31 highly reputed clinics in the United States are involved in the two trials. The design of the US studies is similar to the Sedaconda study (SED001) successfully performed in Europe in 2017–2019, which resulted in market approval in 2021. For additional information, please contact: Johannes Doll, CEO, +46 (0)76 303 66 66 Johan Spetz, CFO, +46 (0)730 36 37 89 [email protected] About Sedana Medical Sedana Medical AB (publ) is a pioneer medtech and pharmaceutical company focused on inhaled sedation to improve the patient's life during and beyond sedation. Through the combined strengths of the medical device Sedaconda ACD and the pharmaceutical Sedaconda (isoflurane), Sedana Medical provides inhaled sedation for mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care. Sedana Medical has direct sales in Benelux, France, Germany, Great Britain, the Nordics, and Spain. In other parts of Europe as well as in Asia, Australia, Canada, and South- and Central America, the company works with external distributors. Sedana Medical was founded in 2005, is listed on Nasdaq Stockholm (SEDANA) and headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden. This information was brought to you by Cision The following files are available for download:

Phase 3

25 Apr 2024

·www.prnewswire.com

Sedana Medical completes patient recruitment for INSPiRE-ICU 1 clinical trial in the US

STOCKHOLM, April 25, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Sedana Medical AB (publ) announces that all 235 randomized patients have been recruited for its INSPiRE-ICU 1 phase III clinical trial in the United States. Concurrently, the identical INSPiRE-ICU 2 trial is nearing completion, with 23 of 235 randomized patients remaining. The company anticipates topline results from both trials in the second half of 2024, with a planned New Drug Application (NDA) submission in the first quarter of 2025. "The completion of the INSPiRE-ICU 1 study marks a true milestone for Sedana Medical. Launching the randomized controlled multicenter studies across the large and diverse US healthcare landscape, in mixed surgical and medical ICUs with a different staffing and workflow compared to Europe, has been exciting. There is a lot of enthusiasm and interest in using inhaled sedation in US practice, which we hope will be possible soon", said Peter Sackey, Chief Medical Officer of Sedana Medical. Peter Sackey further elaborated: "Once the 30-day follow-up of all patients is complete, we will enter into an intense phase of final monitoring, data cleaning and transfer to our statistician team for analysis. In parallel, the long-term outcomes at 3 and 6 months will be collected centrally by the Critical Illness, Brain Dysfunction, and Survivorship team at Vanderbilt Medical Center. With this parallel approach, we expect topline results in the autumn of this year and a swift regulatory submission in Q1, 2025". "Working on these trials from initial design to implementation and completion has been very rewarding and has brought together many experienced clinical researchers in critical care across the US. We, and the clinicians at the bedside, are eager to see inhaled sedation available also in the US", said Christopher Hughes, Professor of Anesthesiology at Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Senior Lead Investigator for the INSPiRE-ICU 1 study. Johannes Doll, President and CEO of Sedana Medical, expressed gratitude, stating: "I would like to sincerely thank all our clinical trial sites, partners, and the Sedana Medical team for this significant achievement. It makes me very proud that we have been able to convene this exceptional group of intensive care teams from some of the most prominent US hospitals. Their advice and support will be invaluable as we work towards making the benefits of inhaled sedation accessible to patients in the United States." INSPiRE-ICU 1 and 2 are two identical randomized phase III trials, aiming to confirm the efficacy and safety for sedation with isoflurane delivered via Sedana Medical's unique medical device Sedaconda ACD. The primary endpoint is the proportion of time spent at adequate depth of sedation, compared with intravenous sedation using propofol. In addition, several important secondary endpoints are being studied, including opioid use, time to wake-up, cognitive recovery and spontaneous breathing. The first patient was included in April 2022, and 31 highly reputed clinics in the United States are involved in the two trials. The design of the US studies is similar to the Sedaconda study (SED001) successfully performed in Europe in 2017–2019, which resulted in market approval in 2021. For additional information, please contact: Johannes Doll, CEO, +46 (0)76 303 66 66 Johan Spetz, CFO, +46 (0)730 36 37 89 [email protected] About Sedana Medical Sedana Medical AB (publ) is a pioneer medtech and pharmaceutical company focused on inhaled sedation to improve the patient's life during and beyond sedation. Through the combined strengths of the medical device Sedaconda ACD and the pharmaceutical Sedaconda (isoflurane), Sedana Medical provides inhaled sedation for mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care. Sedana Medical has direct sales in Benelux, France, Germany, Great Britain, the Nordics, and Spain. In other parts of Europe as well as in Asia, Australia, Canada, and South- and Central America, the company works with external distributors. Sedana Medical was founded in 2005, is listed on Nasdaq Stockholm (SEDANA) and headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden. This information was brought to you by Cision The following files are available for download:

Phase 3NDA

100 Deals associated with Propofol

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00549	Propofol	N01AX10	DB00818

R&D Status

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Anesthesia	US	Fresenius Kabi USA LLC	02 Oct 1989

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

View All Results

Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT02631135 (CTgov)	Phase 4	-	40	Propofol+Rocuronium+Remifentanil (Group 1 (TIVA))	ofoicxebcb(czqryfrdeo) = zvkgtspkjq xxtxxexaps (iuzclvreuz, igpspocbhh - olhkctpjjg) View more	-	17 May 2024
				Dexmedetomidine+Propofol+Rocuronium+Remifentanil (Group 2 (TIVA+D))	ofoicxebcb(czqryfrdeo) = dpfvpprcno xxtxxexaps (iuzclvreuz, iyugtkagah - pmzjnpjsix) View more
NCT02952222 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Anesthesia	39	Propofol (Group P) (Propofol (Group P))	hqaabdilub(lxkiqjpyqb) = qpfnohehbn pfmgdvdmqn (kashygbtri, beqedcsdir - ycfvfzbdak) View more	-	10 May 2024
				Dexmedetomidine+Propofol (Group DP) (Propofol With Dexmedetomidine (Group DP))	hqaabdilub(lxkiqjpyqb) = jqbyvqzvag pfmgdvdmqn (kashygbtri, wyvgcfwkti - plkgrufxss) View more
NCT02324283 (CTgov)	Not Applicable	Lung Cancer	80	desflurane (Desflurane)	volzrcbrog(cbnmubhvba) = hezwkcgtgb hhirdraihk (ljrguhldme, mkfbgzogdf - dqzrjjgeom) View more	-	05 Apr 2024
				propofol (Propofol)	volzrcbrog(cbnmubhvba) = xxmoqxxaxn hhirdraihk (ljrguhldme, wmdhgakjhp - czerxlwfth) View more
NCT02485418 (CTgov)	Not Applicable	Migraine Disorders	40	Propofol	vgkxippxzz(oxgkszhwpp) = fragfegxup kgztgvcqjx (rlnqbrtyqa, ffbxpqqrxb - lfjltiwjqm) View more	-	06 Mar 2024
NCT03435003 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting \| Vomiting	83	dexmedetomidine+Compazine+Total intravenous anesthesia+scopolamine transdermal+sugammadex+Reglan+Propofol+Fentanyl+Ondansetron+Aprepitant 80 mg Oral Capsule+Dexamethasone (Intervention Arm)	chvpbrgnnj(thmjgyuekr) = ybejvemiun oozpdcwquj (gvwrfexiyu, myfubcptga - qujbbgfgsq) View more	-	14 Feb 2024
				Compazine+sugammadex+Reglan+Sevoflurane+Desflurane+Ondansetron+Dexamethasone (Control Arm)	chvpbrgnnj(thmjgyuekr) = eegslphewr oozpdcwquj (gvwrfexiyu, edxzgrcpne - tkoznfounx) View more
NCT05435911 (Pubmed)	Not Applicable	-	-	Propofol	spboxjcfsl(brluqmnocb) = zuxkhlbyai hfvtoblwwe (zpvfnzlbzw, 140) View more	Positive	12 Jan 2024
				Remimazolam/flumazenil	spboxjcfsl(brluqmnocb) = sairkpoixq hfvtoblwwe (zpvfnzlbzw, 51) View more
NCT04187196 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Atrial Fibrillation \| Atrial Flutter	73	Propofol (Sedation With Propofol Group)	sjavdjeqks(heapeugdkr) = khtmmgszfh sqlfgrvner (ltyoapkiwp, wstlveqary - apxzywgxet) View more	-	13 Nov 2023
				Methohexital (Sedation With Methohexital Group)	sjavdjeqks(heapeugdkr) = gvwgdsghwu sqlfgrvner (ltyoapkiwp, syfxyaleyc - ffkfolulcv) View more
NCT02662257 \| ChiCTR-IPR-15006209 (Pubmed)	Not Applicable	Delirium	1,228	Propofol-based anaesthesia	lireptsifw(zxxuoitzbq) = qbqeughbpl akrsrwdycy (vtuupnugqt )	Positive	01 Aug 2023
				Sevoflurane-based anaesthesia	lireptsifw(zxxuoitzbq) = rgmlpkseoc akrsrwdycy (vtuupnugqt )
NCT03861364 (Pubmed)	Phase 4	Anesthesia	68	Low dose of propofol (1.4 mg/kg TBW)	bfsbjlrrmc(jjsqsbfswt) = eyrihxycso nzshvhxunw (uzfdmecltv ) View more	-	08 Jun 2023
				High dose of propofol (2.7 mg/kg TBW)	bfsbjlrrmc(jjsqsbfswt) = rzbmdjjcnu nzshvhxunw (uzfdmecltv ) View more
NCT01975064 (CAN-study, Pubmed)	Phase 4	Breast Cancer	1,764	Propofol	thvgjfqyqh(tsatexgvhc) = sbrmfzemdb nwqghxdxww (nodpgighkn, 90.1 - 93.8)	Negative	01 Jun 2023
				Sevoflurane	thvgjfqyqh(tsatexgvhc) = wsflwkzauj nwqghxdxww (nodpgighkn, 90.3 - 94.0)

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