Systemic lupus (SL) is a rare chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies directed against nuclear antigens, particularly native double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and excessive production of antiviral cytokines: type I interferons, particularly interferon alpha (IFN-α). IFN-α production results from the excessive detection of nucleic acids (DNA or Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)) by endosomal or intracytoplasmic receptors that are capable of inducing interferon production. The precise mechanisms of cytoplasmic sensor activation remain unknown; however, recent work in the field of interferonopathies suggests a role for human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs). HERVs are remnants of ancient infections caused by exogenous retroviruses integrated into the genome during evolution and represent 8% of the human genome.Several studies have suggested a role for HERVs in the development and maintenance of an excessive immune response in lupus patients and other autoimmune diseases by affecting the type I interferons (I IFN) signalling pathway.
To date, none of the approved immunosuppressive drugs for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) have been shown to be effective in the background treatment of SL or in preventing relapse. Consequently, there is an urgent need to identify new molecules and therapeutic avenues for disease-modifying therapies.
In this study, an innovative therapeutic strategy using a combination of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), abacavir/lamivudine, is proposed to treat SLE. Thus, we propose a pilot Phase II, randomized, open-label study using NRTIs in patients with SL in remission or with low clinical activity, and evaluating a biological endpoint (IFN signature), which is a direct proxy for the drug's expected effect.
The main objective is to compare the addition of Abacavir/Lamivudine (Add-on) to standard care for 6 months, on the value of the interferon (IFN) transcriptomic signature of patients with systemic lupus with low activity as defined by the Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS).

Start Date01 Sep 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator

Hospices Civils de Lyon

NCT04493216 / TerminatedPhase 2

A Phase IIb, Randomized, Partially Blind, Active Controlled, Dose-range Finding Study of GSK3640254 Compared to a Reference Arm of Dolutegravir, Each in Combination With Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, in HIV-1 Infected Antiretroviral Treatment-naive Adults

This is a phase 2b, randomized, multicenter, parallel group, partially blind (to GSK3640254 doses [100, 150 and 200 milligrams {mg}]), active controlled clinical trial. It aims to investigate the safety, efficacy and dose-response of GSK3640254 compared to dolutegravir (DTG), each given in combination with 2 Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) (abacavir/lamivudine [ABC/3TC] or emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide [FTC/TAF]).

Start Date18 Nov 2020

Sponsor / Collaborator

ViiV Healthcare Ltd.

NCT04301661 / CompletedNot ApplicableIIT

Cellular Pharmacology and Platelet Effects of Abacavir and Lamivudine Anabolites

This study will evaluate the intracellular pharmacokinetics and platelet effects of abacavir (ABC), lamivudine (3TC), tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), and emtricitabine (FTC) in persons living with HIV that are receiving these medications as part of standard HIV care.
Participants remaining on ABC/3TC- or TAF/FTC-containing therapy will be on study for 4 weeks, and will have two visits: a screening visit and one short PK visit consisting of a single blood draw at week 4.
Participants switching from their ABC/3TC-containing therapy will be on study for 3 weeks, and will have nine visits: a screening visit and 8 short PK visits consisting of a single blood draw at Day 0, 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, 18, and 21.

Start Date06 Mar 2020

Sponsor / Collaborator

University of Colorado Denver

100 Clinical Results associated with Abacavir Sulfate/Lamivudine

100 Translational Medicine associated with Abacavir Sulfate/Lamivudine

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Abacavir Sulfate/Lamivudine

Literatures (Medical) associated with Abacavir Sulfate/Lamivudine

01 Jan 2019·Infection & Chemotherapy

Safety and Effectiveness Analysis of Kivexa^®(lamivudine/abacavir sulfate) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Korean Patients

Article

Author: Lee, Sun-Hee ; Lee, Yil-Seob ; Lee, Chang-Seop ; Lee, Jin-Soo ; Kim, Yeon-Sook ; Jung, Sook-In ; Kim, Shin-Woo ; Choi, Won Suk ; Ann, Heawon ; Choi, Young Hwa

BACKGROUNDLamivudine and abacavir sulfate are widely used nucleoside/tide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) backbone agents, which are recommended in major international treatment guidelines. The fixed-dose combination of lamivudine and abacavir sulfate has been developed to contribute to low pill burden of antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen and patient adherence. A mandatory post-marketing surveillance was conducted in Korea to monitor the safety of Kivexa (lamivudine 300 mg/abacavir 600 mg).MATERIALS AND METHODSAn open label, multi-center, non-interventional post-marketing surveillance was conducted to monitor the safety of Kivexa from July 2011 to July 2017 in 23 hospitals in Korea. Subjects over 12 years old taking Kivexa per prescribing information were enrolled. The primary outcome was defined as the occurrence of any adverse events during the study period. Secondary outcomes included the occurrence of adverse drug reaction, the occurrence of serious adverse events and the effectiveness of Kivexa.RESULTSA total of 600 patients from 23 hospitals were enrolled within the 6 years of study. The total observation period was 1,004 person-years. Three hundred and ten patients reported 674 adverse events. The incidence of upper respiratory infection (65 cases, 10.9%) was the highest, followed by diarrhea (20 cases, 3.3%), and nausea (18 cases, 3.0%). 109 subjects reported 71 events of adverse drug reactions, and the most common reaction was nausea in 2.33% of the subjects. Thirty-one subjects reported serious adverse events, none of them were considered drug related. From the total of 600 subjects, excluding 48 subjects who were 'effectiveness unassessable' by investigators, 552 patients were eligible for the subjective effectiveness analysis. 459 (83.2%) were evaluated as 'improved'. Proportion of subjects whose human immunodeficiency virus-RNA is <50 copies/ml was 61.2% (309/505) at the beginning of observation and increased to 91.9% (464/505) at the end of study period.CONCLUSIONSThe post-marketing surveillance showed the safety of Kivexa in HIV-1 patients in Korea. Ischemic cardiovascular events and hypersensitivity associated with Kivexa were few. There was no significant new safety information. This data may be helpful in implementing Kivexa and lamivudine/abacavir sulfate containing drugs in Korea.

01 Feb 2018·Open Forum Infectious DiseasesQ3 · MEDICINE

HIV-1 Drug Resistance and Third-Line Therapy Outcomes in Patients Failing Second-Line Therapy in Zimbabwe

Q3 · MEDICINE

ArticleOA

Author: Estill, Janne ; Keiser, Olivia ; Chimbetete, Cleophas ; Shamu, Tinei ; Spoerri, Adrian ; Egger, Matthias ; Katzenstein, David

AbstractObjectivesTo analyze the patterns and risk factors of HIV drug resistance mutations among patients failing second-line treatment and to describe early treatment responses to recommended third-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a national referral HIV clinic in Zimbabwe.MethodsPatients on boosted protease inhibitor (PI) regimens for more than 6 months with treatment failure confirmed by 2 viral load (VL) tests >1000 copies/mL were genotyped, and susceptibility to available antiretroviral drugs was estimated by the Stanford HIVdb program. Risk factors for major PI resistance were assessed by logistic regression. Third-line treatment was provided as Darunavir/r, Raltegravir, or Dolutegravir and Zidovudine, Abacavir Lamivudine, or Tenofovir.ResultsGenotypes were performed on 86 patients who had good adherence to treatment. The median duration of first- and second-line ART was 3.8 years (interquartile range [IQR], 2.3–5.1) and 2.6 years (IQR, 1.6–4.9), respectively. The median HIV viral load and CD4 cell count were 65 210 copies/mL (IQR, 8728–208 920 copies/mL) and 201 cells/mm3 (IQR, 49–333 cells/mm3). Major PI resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) were demonstrated in 44 (51%) non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor RAMs in 72 patients (83%) and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors RAMs in 62 patients (72%). PI resistance was associated with age >24 years (P = .003) and CD4 cell count <200 cells/mm3 (P = .007). In multivariable analysis, only age >24 years was significantly associated (adjusted odds ratio, 4.75; 95% confidence interval, 1.69–13.38; P = .003) with major PI mutations. Third-line DRV/r- and InSTI-based therapy achieved virologic suppression in 29/36 patients (81%) after 6 months.ConclusionsThe prevelance of PI mutations was high. Adolescents and young adults had a lower risk of acquiring major PI resistance mutations, possibly due to poor adherence to ART. Third-line treatment with a regimen of Darunavir/r, Raltegravir/Dolutegravir, and optimized nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors was effective.

28 Oct 2017·Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports

Acute development of Cushing syndrome in an HIV-infected child on atazanavir/ritonavir based antiretroviral therapy

Article

Author: Dubrocq, Gueorgui ; Rakhmanina, Natella ; Kelly, Shannon ; Estrada, Andrea

SummaryAn 11-year-old male with perinatally acquired human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection on antiretroviral regimen, which included abacavir plus lamivudine (Epzicom), didanosine, ritonavir and atazanavir presented with bilateral axillary striae, increased appetite, fatigue, facial swelling and acute weight gain. Two months prior to presentation, the patient had received a diagnostic and therapeutic intra-articular triamcinolone injection in the knee for pain relief and subsequently became progressively swollen in the face, developed striae bilaterally at the axillae, experienced increased appetite, fatigue and an 8 pound weight gain. During the endocrine workup, suspicion for adrenal insufficiency prompted 24-h urine collection for free cortisol, which was found to be undetectable (below LLQ of 1.0 µg/L). This prompted further evaluation of the hypothalamic–pituitary axis (HPA) by standard dose adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test. A 250 µg cosyntropin stimulation test was performed and confirmed HPA axis suppression. Baseline cortisol level was <1 µg/dL and stimulated cortisol level at 30 min was 3.8 µg/dL. The patient was diagnosed with iatrogenic Cushing syndrome and suppression of HPA axis secondary to the drug interaction between ritonavir (RTV) and intra-articular triamcinolone injection. Following endocrine evaluation and workup, the patient was admitted for planned orthopaedic procedure including elective left hamstring lengthening, distal femoral osteotomy and patellar tendon advancement. Taking into consideration the diagnosis of iatrogenic Cushing syndrome, at the start of the surgical procedure, 100 mg IV stress dose of hydrocortisone followed by 50 mg hydrocortisone every 8 h for 24 h was administered. Stress dosing was discontinued 24 h after the procedure. Throughout the hospitalization and upon discharge, the patient continued his ART. From initial presentation, patient has remained clinically stable throughout surgery and postoperative period.Learning points:

Drug–drug interaction between ritonavir and triamcinolone can cause Cushing syndrome.

Although triamcinolone has a half-life of 3 h, an intra-articular injection may be systematically absorbed for 3 weeks after injection, and adrenal suppression may last as long as 30 days.

Co-administration of ritonavir and corticosteroids may result in an increase of plasma levels of corticosteroids levels, as they are both eliminated by CYP3A metabolism, and this interaction has the potential to prolong the half-life of triamcinolone several fold.

No specific guidelines are available for the management of iatrogenic Cushing syndrome secondary to ritonavir and corticosteroids.

One treatment option includes replacing ritonavir with a non-protease inhibitor-based regimen.

Initiating hydrocortisone replacement therapy to prevent an adrenal crisis is also an alternate option.

News (Medical) associated with Abacavir Sulfate/Lamivudine

07 Nov 2024

·www.businesswire.com

Late-Breaking Clinical Data and Real-World Evidence Presented at HIV Glasgow as Gilead Extends Leadership Efforts Toward Ending the Epidemic

FOSTER CITY, Calif.--( BUSINESS WIRE )--Gilead Sciences, Inc. (Nasdaq: GILD) today announced the upcoming presentation of HIV research findings at the International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection ( HIV Glasgow 2024 ), taking place from November 10-13. The results from more than 40 studies across HIV treatment and prevention include late-breaking data and seven oral presentations. These findings reflect a robust portfolio and future-looking pipeline focused on person-centered drug development strategies to address unmet needs in HIV and help end the epidemic. “ We look forward to presenting new research from our broad and innovative HIV portfolio and pipeline as we strive to help end the epidemic through continuous scientific discovery,” said Jared Baeten, MD, PhD, Senior Vice President, Virology Therapeutic Area Head, Gilead Sciences. “ Our contributions to HIV Glasgow 2024 demonstrate that people are at the center of all we do at Gilead. The breadth and depth of Gilead’s work underscore our commitment to driving the next wave of transformational innovations in HIV research.” HIV Prevention Research A late-breaking oral presentation at HIV Glasgow will be the first in-depth look at the full results from the PURPOSE 2 trial ( NCT04925752 ), including data not presented last month at the HIV Research for Prevention Conference in Lima, Peru. PURPOSE 2 is a pivotal Phase 3 trial evaluating twice-yearly lenacapavir, Gilead’s injectable HIV-1 capsid inhibitor for the investigational use of HIV prevention, among a broad and geographically diverse range of cisgender men and gender-diverse people. The trial is part of a comprehensive program assessing lenacapavir in a variety of populations who need or want pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and, if approved, would be the first and only twice-yearly HIV prevention choice. Prevention research presented at HIV Glasgow will also include a systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world data mapping HIV prevalence against PrEP uptake, health economic data on the impact of PrEP in France and the return on investment that HIV prevention has yielded for the French healthcare system. Data will also be presented from a study examining same-day PrEP initiation and its effect on PrEP uptake at a Canadian clinic. HIV Treatment Research Continuous scientific discovery in HIV treatment is a pillar of Gilead’s commitment to help end the epidemic. At HIV Glasgow, presented study results and analyses will include further evaluation of Biktarvy ® (bictegravir 50 mg/emtricitabine 200 mg/tenofovir alafenamide 25 mg tablets, B/F/TAF) as a long-term treatment option for a broad range of people with HIV who may also have common comorbidities and other specific health needs. Outcomes from pipeline research studies will provide insights into investigational treatment candidates, including the novel combination regimen of lenacapavir plus bictegravir. Additionally, late-breaking data from the Phase 2 study ( NCT05052996 ) evaluating an investigational once-weekly oral combination regimen of lenacapavir and islatravir will be presented during an oral session. Specifically, Biktarvy presentations will include four-year outcomes from BICSTaR, ( NCT03580668 ) an ongoing global, observational, real-world study evaluating the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of Biktarvy in treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced people with HIV who have a high burden of co-morbidities. As the average age of people with HIV increases, the management of comorbid conditions is an important consideration in HIV clinical care. BICSTaR helps to inform what the future of coordinated person-centered HIV care could look like. Additional research studies evaluating Biktarvy include three-year outcomes from ALLIANCE, an ongoing Phase III study ( NCT03547908 ) evaluating the efficacy and safety of the single-tablet regimen versus dolutegravir 50 mg (DTG) + emtricitabine 200 mg/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg, F/TDF, DTG+F/TDF, in adults with HIV/hepatitis B (HBV) coinfection who were initiating therapy. Gilead will also present outcomes from the Phase 2 portion of the ARTISTRY-1 study ( NCT05502341 ) investigating the efficacy and safety of switching from a complex stable baseline regimen to an investigational once-daily regimen of lenacapavir and bictegravir. Additional lenacapavir data to be presented at HIV Glasgow will evaluate the efficacy and safety of the novel antiviral agent in combination with broadly neutralizing antibodies teropavimab (GS-5423) and zinlirvimab (GS-2872) as a potential long-acting treatment regimen with twice-yearly dosing. HIV treatment research pipeline findings also include a presentation of new pharmacokinetic and resistance data on GS-1720, a selective integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI). The agent is being evaluated as a component of a novel, investigational, once-weekly oral INSTI/capsid-inhibitor combination regimen with GS-4182 aimed at providing new long-acting treatment options for people with HIV. A late-breaker presentation will compare the rate of treatment emergent resistance associate mutations (TE-RAMs) in people with HIV taking three-drug single tablet regimens and cabotegravir+rilpivirine. A separate late-breaker oral presentation will explore clinical features and resistance patterns during second-generation INSTI failure from the ROSETTA-registry. Overview of Scientific Presentations HIV TREATMENT RESEARCH (B/F/TAF) Oral Presentation Randomized, multicenter, double-blind clinical trial designed to evaluate the safety and convenience of switching from dolutegravir/lamivudine to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in people with HIV, good virologic control and neuropsychiatric comorbidities: Week 24 results from the MIND Study. Poster Four-year outcomes from the BICSTaR study: Observational analysis of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) in treatment-naïve (TN) and treatment-experienced (TE) people with HIV in Canada, France and Germany Poster Bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) in treatment-naïve people with both HIV-1 and hepatitis B: 3-year outcomes from ALLIANCE Poster Global survey to evaluate engagement in care and treatment experiences of people with HIV Poster Rapid Start (RS) with bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) as initial treatment in people with HIV-1 (PWH): A systematic literature review (SLR) of clinical and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) Poster Persistence, safety, and virologic outcomes of B/F/TAF as a baseline or switch regimen in HIV-infected people living with advanced HIV disease in the real world: the BIC-CD4 study. Poster Real-world effectiveness in treatment-experienced (TE) people with HIV (PWH) switching to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) with distinct patterns of self-reported adherence Poster Multicentre, prospective cohort study of same-day initiation of antiretroviral therapy with BIC/FTC/TAF among antiretroviral-naïve people with HIV Poster Real-World Persistence of Bictegravir- versus Dolutegravir-based Single Tablet Regimens in a Large Urban Canadian HIV Centre Poster Incidence of comorbidities over 18 months with BIC/FTC/TAF, DTG/ABC/3TC or DTG/3TC in real life settings in the ANRS-CO3 - AquiVIH-NA cohort. Poster Effectiveness of switching to B/F/TAF in virologically suppressed people with HIV and with preexisting resistance-associated mutations in Italy: the BIC-BARRIER Study Poster Evaluation of T-cell immunosenescence in +60 years PLWH virologically suppressed on 3DR with BIC/FTC/TAF or 2DR with DTG/3TC: the Collateral-2 study. LONG-ACTING HIV TREATMENT & PREVENTION RESEARCH (LENACAPAVIR) Oral Presentation (late breaker) Once-Weekly Islatravir Plus Lenacapavir in Virologically Suppressed PWH: Week 48 Safety, Efficacy, and Metabolic Changes Oral Presentation (late breaker) Persistence in use of twice-yearly lenacapavir versus daily oral PrEP in the PURPOSE 1 Phase 3 trial Oral Presentation (late breaker) Twice-yearly lenacapavir PrEP in cisgender gay men, transgender women and men, and gender-diverse people (PURPOSE 2) Poster Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic and Resistance Analyses of GS-1720, a Once-Weekly Oral Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor Poster Pharmacokinetics of oral islatravir (ISL) plus lenacapavir (LEN) given once weekly in an open-label, active-controlled, phase 2 study of virologically suppressed people with HIV HIV TREATMENT PIPELINE RESEARCH Oral Presentation Efficacy and safety analysis of lenacapavir with broadly neutralising antibodies, teropavimab and zinlirvimab, in people with HIV-1 highly sensitive to one or both broadly neutralising antibodies Poster Pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis of oral once-daily bictegravir (BIC) plus lenacapavir (LEN) administered separately (BIC 75mg + LEN 25mg; BIC 75mg + LEN 50mg) and as a single-tablet BIC/LEN 75/50mg fixed-dose combination (FDC) to support Phase 3 dose selection Poster Effect of acid reducing agents on the pharmacokinetics of oral GS-4182 Poster Safety and immunogenicity of GS-1966+GS-1144 vaccines in virally suppressed adults living with HIV-1: a phase 1b, randomised, placebo-controlled study Poster Metabolic changes at 48 weeks in virologically suppressed people with HIV switching from complex antiretroviral regimens to bictegravir plus lenacapavir: ARTISTRY-1 trial HIV PREVENTION RESEARCH Poster Estimating return on investment (ROI) with increased utilisation of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among key populations in France from a national health payer perspective Poster PrEP cascade improvement through same-day PrEP initiation Poster Prevalence of HIV drug resistance in people newly diagnosed with HIV who have used Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in Europe; the PrEPaRe study. Poster HIV-1 prevalence and pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake among key populations in high-income economies (2017-2023): a systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world studies ADDITIONAL HIV RESEARCH Oral Presentation (late breaker) Clinical features and resistance patterns during second-generation INSTI failure: The ROSETTA-registry Oral Presentation (late breaker) Mortality using raltegravir versus other integrase inhibitors in people with HIV in Europe and Australia Poster (late breaker) Comparison of treatment-emergent resistance associated mutations among three-drug single tablet regimens and cabotegravir+rilpivirine for the treatment of virologically suppressed people with HIV: A Systematic Literature Review and Network Meta-Analysis Poster (late breaker) The prevalence and factors associated with polypharmacy in participants with HIV in the Pharmacokinetic and clinical Observations in PeoPle over fiftY (POPPY) study over a 3-5 year period Poster Replication-competent HIV-1 harbouring resistance-associated mutations is present in the viral reservoir Poster Treatment Patterns in Virologically Suppressed, Treatment-Experienced People with HIV; a US Real-World Database Study Poster Demographic and clinical characteristics of treatment naïve people with HIV, and their healthcare professionals’ reasons for treatment choice: findings from a real-world survey in five European countries Poster Understanding knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV amongst secondary care healthcare professionals in the United Kingdom: A national survey Poster The association between anticholinergic medication use and cognitive function in older people with HIV in the Pharmacokinetic and clinical Observations in PeoPle over fifty (POPPY) Study For more information about Gilead at HIV Glasgow 2024, including a complete list of abstracts and their corresponding oral and poster sessions, please visit https://hivglasgow.org/programme/ . The use of lenacapavir for the prevention of HIV is investigational and has not been determined to be safe or efficacious and is not approved anywhere globally. Islatravir in combination with lenacapavir is investigational and not approved anywhere globally. The safety and efficacy of the combination of islatravir and lenacapavir have not been established. Islatravir is Merck’s investigational nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor under evaluation in multiple ongoing early and late-stage clinical studies in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV-1. Bictegravir and lenacapavir in combination are investigational and not approved anywhere globally. Their safety and efficacy have not been established. The use of Biktarvy in individuals with HIV/HBV co-infection is investigational and the safety and efficacy of this use have not been established. GS-5423, GS-2872, GS-1720 are investigational compounds, and alone or in combination with lenacapavir, are not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration or any other regulatory authority for any use. Their safety and efficacy are unknown. Please see below for U.S. Indication and Important Safety Information, including Boxed Warning , for Biktarvy. There is currently no cure for HIV or AIDS. About Lenacapavir Lenacapavir is approved in multiple countries for the treatment of adults with multi-drug resistant HIV in combination with other antiretrovirals. The use of lenacapavir for HIV prevention is investigational and the safety and efficacy of lenacapavir for this use have not been established. The multi-stage mechanism of action of lenacapavir is distinguishable from other currently approved classes of antiviral agents. While most antivirals act on just one stage of viral replication, lenacapavir is designed to inhibit HIV at multiple stages of its lifecycle and has no known cross resistance exhibited in vitro to other existing drug classes. Lenacapavir is being evaluated as a long-acting option in multiple ongoing and planned early and late-stage clinical studies in Gilead’s HIV prevention and treatment research program. Lenacapavir is being developed as a foundation for potential future HIV therapies with the goal of offering both long-acting oral and injectable options with several dosing frequencies, in combination or as a mono agent, that help address individual needs and preferences of people and communities affected by HIV. About Biktarvy ® Biktarvy is a complete HIV treatment that combines three powerful medicines to form the smallest 3-drug, integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-based single-tablet regimen (STR) available, offering simple once-daily dosing with or without food, with a limited drug interaction potential and a high barrier to resistance. Biktarvy combines the novel, unboosted INSTI bictegravir, with the F/TAF backbone. Biktarvy is a complete STR and should not be taken with other HIV medicines. U.S. Indication for Biktarvy Biktarvy (bictegravir 50 mg/emtricitabine 200 mg/tenofovir alafenamide 25 mg) is indicated as a complete regimen for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and pediatric patients weighing at least 14 kg who have no antiretroviral (ARV) treatment history or to replace the current ARV regimen in those who are virologically-suppressed (HIV-1 RNA <50 copies per mL) on a stable ARV regimen with no known or suspected substitutions associated with resistance to bictegravir or tenofovir. U.S. Important Safety Information for Biktarvy BOXED WARNING: POST TREATMENT ACUTE EXACERBATION OF HEPATITIS B Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis B have been reported in patients who are coinfected with HIV-1 and HBV and have discontinued products containing emtricitabine (FTC) and/or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), and may occur with discontinuation of BIKTARVY. Closely monitor hepatic function with both clinical and laboratory follow-up for at least several months in patients who are coinfected with HIV-1 and HBV and discontinue BIKTARVY. If appropriate, anti-hepatitis B therapy may be warranted. Contraindications Coadministration : Do not use BIKTARVY with dofetilide or rifampin. Warnings and precautions Drug interactions : See Contraindications and Drug Interactions sections. Consider the potential for drug interactions prior to and during BIKTARVY therapy and monitor for adverse reactions. Immune reconstitution syndrome , including the occurrence of autoimmune disorders with variable time to onset, has been reported. New onset or worsening renal impairment : Postmarketing cases of renal impairment, including acute renal failure, proximal renal tubulopathy (PRT), and Fanconi syndrome have been reported with tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)–containing products. Do not initiate BIKTARVY in patients with estimated creatinine clearance (CrCl) <30 mL/min except in virologically suppressed adults <15 mL/min who are receiving chronic hemodialysis. Patients with impaired renal function and/or taking nephrotoxic agents (including NSAIDs) are at increased risk of renal-related adverse reactions. Discontinue BIKTARVY in patients who develop clinically significant decreases in renal function or evidence of Fanconi syndrome. Renal monitoring: Prior to or when initiating BIKTARVY and during therapy, assess serum creatinine, CrCl, urine glucose, and urine protein in all patients as clinically appropriate. In patients with chronic kidney disease, assess serum phosphorus. Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis : Fatal cases have been reported with the use of nucleoside analogs, including FTC and TDF. Discontinue BIKTARVY if clinical or laboratory findings suggestive of lactic acidosis or pronounced hepatotoxicity develop, including hepatomegaly and steatosis in the absence of marked transaminase elevations. Adverse reactions Most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥5%; all grades) in clinical studies through week 144 were diarrhea (6%), nausea (6%), and headache (5%). Drug interactions Prescribing information : Consult the full prescribing information for BIKTARVY for more information on Contraindications, Warnings, and potentially significant drug interactions, including clinical comments. Enzymes/transporters : Drugs that induce P-gp or induce both CYP3A and UGT1A1 can substantially decrease the concentration of components of BIKTARVY. Drugs that inhibit P-gp, BCRP, or inhibit both CYP3A and UGT1A1 may significantly increase the concentrations of components of BIKTARVY. BIKTARVY can increase the concentration of drugs that are substrates of OCT2 or MATE1. Drugs affecting renal function : Coadministration of BIKTARVY with drugs that reduce renal function or compete for active tubular secretion may increase concentrations of FTC and tenofovir and the risk of adverse reactions. Dosage and administration Dosage : Adult and pediatric patients weighing ≥25 kg: 1 tablet containing 50 mg bictegravir (BIC), 200 mg emtricitabine (FTC), and 25 mg tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) taken once daily with or without food. Pediatric patients weighing ≥14 kg to <25 kg: 1 tablet containing 30 mg BIC, 120 mg FTC, and 15 mg TAF taken once daily with or without food. For children unable to swallow a whole tablet, the tablet can be split and each part taken separately as long as all parts are ingested within approximately 10 minutes. Renal impairment : For patients weighing ≥25 kg, not recommended in patients with CrCl 15 to <30 mL/min, or <15 mL/min who are not receiving chronic hemodialysis, or <15 mL/min who are receiving chronic hemodialysis and have no antiretroviral treatment history. For patients weighing ≥14 kg to <25 kg, not recommended in patients with CrCl <30 mL/min. Hepatic impairment : Not recommended in patients with severe hepatic impairment. Prior to or when initiating : Test patients for HBV infection. Prior to or when initiating, and during treatment : As clinically appropriate, assess serum creatinine, CrCl, urine glucose, and urine protein in all patients. In patients with chronic kidney disease, assess serum phosphorus. Pregnancy and lactation Pregnancy : BIKTARVY is recommended in pregnant individuals who are virologically suppressed on a stable ARV regimen with no known substitutions associated with resistance to any of the individual components of BIKTARVY. Lower plasma exposures of BIKTARVY were observed during pregnancy; therefore, viral load should be monitored closely during pregnancy. Lactation : Individuals infected with HIV-1 should be informed of the potential risks of breastfeeding. About Gilead Sciences in HIV Gilead Sciences, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical company that has pursued and achieved breakthroughs in medicine for more than three decades, with the goal of creating a healthier world for all people. The company is committed to advancing innovative medicines to prevent and treat life-threatening diseases, including HIV, viral hepatitis, COVID-19, cancer and inflammation. Gilead operates in more than 35 countries worldwide, with headquarters in Foster City, Calif. For more than 35 years, Gilead has been a leading innovator in the field of HIV, driving advances in treatment, prevention and cure research. Gilead researchers have developed 12 HIV medications , including the first single-tablet regimen to treat HIV, the first antiretroviral for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to help reduce new HIV infections, and the first long-acting injectable HIV treatment medication administered twice-yearly. Our advances in medical research have helped to transform HIV into a treatable, preventable, chronic condition for millions of people. Gilead is committed to continued scientific innovation to provide solutions for the evolving needs of people affected by HIV around the world. Through partnerships , collaborations and charitable giving, the company also aims to improve education, expand access and address barriers to care, with the goal of ending the HIV epidemic worldwide. Gilead is recognized as one of the leading funders of HIV-related programs in a report released by Funders Concerned About AIDS. Forward-Looking Statements This press release includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 that are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, including Gilead’s ability to initiate, progress or complete clinical trials within currently anticipated timelines or at all, and the possibility of unfavorable results from ongoing or additional clinical trials, including those involving Biktarvy, bictegravir, lenacapavir, teropavimab, zinlirvimab and GS-1720 (such as the ALLIANCE, ARTISTRY, BICSTaR, PURPOSE 2 and NCT05052996 studies); uncertainties relating to regulatory applications and related filing and approval timelines, including potential applications for indications currently under evaluation, such as regulatory applications for lenacapavir for PrEP, and the risk that any regulatory approvals, if granted, may be subject to significant limitations on use or subject to withdrawal or other adverse actions by the applicable regulatory authority; the possibility that Gilead may make a strategic decision to discontinue development of programs for indications that are currently under evaluation, including bictegravir, lenacapavir and GS-1720, and, as a result, these programs may never be successfully commercialized for such indications; and any assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. These and other risks, uncertainties and factors are described in detail in Gilead’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2024, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. These risks, uncertainties and other factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those referred to in the forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical fact are statements that could be deemed forward-looking statements. The reader is cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties and is cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are based on information currently available to Gilead, and Gilead assumes no obligation and disclaims any intent to update any such forward-looking statements. Biktarvy, Gilead and the Gilead logo are trademarks of Gilead Sciences, Inc., or its related companies. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owner(s). U.S. full Prescribing Information for Biktarvy, including BOXED WARNING , and U.S. full Prescribing Information for lenacapavir are available at www.gilead.com . For more information about Gilead, please visit the company’s website at www.gilead.com , follow Gilead on X/Twitter ( @Gilead Sciences ) and LinkedIn , or contact Gilead Public Affairs at public_affairs@gilead.com , 1-800-GILEAD-5 or 1-650-574-3000.

Phase 2Phase 3Clinical ResultPhase 1Drug Approval

100 Deals associated with Abacavir Sulfate/Lamivudine

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
-	-	J05AR02	-

R&D Status

10 top approved records.

to view more data

Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
HIV Infections	NO	ViiV Healthcare BV	16 Dec 2004
HIV Infections	EU	ViiV Healthcare BV	16 Dec 2004
HIV Infections	LI	ViiV Healthcare BV	16 Dec 2004
HIV Infections	IS	ViiV Healthcare BV	16 Dec 2004

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

View All Results

Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT02275780 (MK-1439-018 \| 1439-018 \| DRIVE-FORWARD, CTgov)	Phase 3	HIV Infections	769	EPZICOM+Doravirine+TRUVADA	rbzrgmuqdp(yarcuhtqkt) = wlxgrmjhfk jvejdbvpsx (errmzpgjni, efrrrvkfzh - pyykbnihoi) View more	-	23 Oct 2018
NCT02469246 (CTgov)	Phase 3	HIV Infections	567	placebo+ABC/3TC+F/TAF (F/TAF)	nhoqrfwpij(xwethbhdxy) = iykwatshkq iezoxpbcgi (jrbnhsidyg, xrrikttrnp - lrqjqrolkn) View more	-	11 Jun 2018
				ABC (ABC/3TC)	nhoqrfwpij(xwethbhdxy) = rttgisqfzw iezoxpbcgi (jrbnhsidyg, emstkrefmg - sdcbueoopd) View more
NCT02603107 (CTgov)	Phase 3	HIV Infections	578	B/F/TAF (B/F/TAF)	jepbmpwjhi(voctstvnir) = dziaoimjas fqaudfbnbs (uhmcgdrkox, ewtlixnnwj - psyhggzmsd) View more	-	06 Jun 2018
				ABC/3TC+DRV+COBI+ATV/co+FTC/TDF+RTV+B/F/TAF (Stay on Baseline Regimen (SBR))	jepbmpwjhi(voctstvnir) = sigqdscexo fqaudfbnbs (uhmcgdrkox, nnayotastp - wcphkqnkba) View more
LATTE-2 (IAS2017)	Not Applicable	Maintenance	309	IM CAB LA + RPV LA Q4W	fehkfmidhf(cdheeakvkd) = xmcesecptq mhdqpwclvo (bbiozpvidu ) View more	-	01 Jan 2017
				IM CAB LA + RPV LA Q8W	fehkfmidhf(cdheeakvkd) = vrannaapey mhdqpwclvo (bbiozpvidu ) View more
NCT01352715 (A5273 \| SELECT, CTgov)	Phase 3	HIV Infections	515	Lopinavir/ritonavir+raltegravir (Arm A: LPV/r Plus RAL)	jjzwnimwwc(ckssyyknbp) = ulrxouzpqc mzwonojbud (gazxwohabx, erfiipczys - gwuhuhlxzc) View more	-	06 Jan 2016
				Abacavir/lamivudine+Zidovudine+Abacavir+Lamivudine/zidovudine+Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine+Emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate+Lamivudine+Lopinavir/ritonavir (Arm B: LPV/r Plus Best Available NRTIs)	jjzwnimwwc(ckssyyknbp) = diwmiydvkz mzwonojbud (gazxwohabx, qljjqpldcu - pvbwiwpuzs) View more
NCT01263015 (SINGLE, Pubmed) Manual	Phase 3	HIV Infections First line	833	abacavir/lamivudine+Dolutegravir	aihzlmmiac(nxwwqekaop) = ruoddntjbq tdbaggbghg (mwwghfyapk ) View more	Negative	15 Dec 2015
				efavirenz/tenofovir/emtricitabine	aihzlmmiac(nxwwqekaop) = tboyauqgof tdbaggbghg (mwwghfyapk ) View more
IAS2015	Not Applicable	HIV Infections	-	Tenofovir/emtricitabine	vnaqwihbva(bedtbponzu): OR = 0.96 (95% CI, 0.79 - 1.17), P-Value = Not available	-	01 Jan 2015
				Abacavir/lamivudine
ACTG 5202 (IAS2014)	Not Applicable	HIV Infections First line	-	Tenofovir/emtricitabine+Efavirenz	fosczxgytp(nmgooqjjrf) = unvarbldgx croyhcfken (nyqdoptejr )	-	01 Jan 2014
				Tenofovir/emtricitabine+Atazanavir/ritonavir	fosczxgytp(nmgooqjjrf) = tujwnhkguv croyhcfken (nyqdoptejr )
SPIRAL trial (Pubmed \| AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses)	Not Applicable	-	-	Abacavir/Lamivudine	(gmssaggccc) = Triglycerides decreased and HDL cholesterol increased through the study more pronouncedly with abacavir/lamivudine than with tenofovir/emtricitabine mpxhhzcbie (ttsegpbrnf ) View more	-	01 Feb 2013
				Tenofovir/Emtricitabine
SPRING-2 (ING113086) and SINGLE (ING114467) (IAS2013)	Not Applicable	-	-	Dolutegravir 50 mg QD	(nfkqqklwsg) = mkuatdyrsz fuiufhjczn (eomngtlmoe )	-	01 Jan 2013
				Raltegravir 400 mg BID	(nfkqqklwsg) = vxwpmuctkh fuiufhjczn (eomngtlmoe )

Translational Medicine

Boost your research with our translational medicine data.

view full example data

Deal

Boost your decision using our deal data.

view full example data

Core Patent

Boost your research with our Core Patent data.

view full example data

Clinical Trial

Identify the latest clinical trials across global registries.

view full example data

Approval

Accelerate your research with the latest regulatory approval information.

view full example data

Regulation

Understand key drug designations in just a few clicks with Synapse.

view full example data

Chat with Hiro

Get started for free today!

Accelerate Strategic R&D decision making with Synapse, PatSnap’s AI-powered Connected Innovation Intelligence Platform Built for Life Sciences Professionals.

Start your data trial now!

Synapse data is also accessible to external entities via APIs or data packages. Empower better decisions with the latest in pharmaceutical intelligence.

Bio

Bio Sequences Search & Analysis

Chemical

Chemical Structures Search & Analysis